Unit 4 Inspiration 一-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第二册（沪教版）

高中沪教版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 词汇精讲 【Unit4】Inspiration 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 *accompany /3'kAmpani/v. 陪 *stem/stem/n.(花草的)茎：（花*hint/hmt/v.暗示：透露：示意： 同：陪伴 叶的)梗，柄 n.提示：示意 *beam /bi::mm.光线 *sin/sn/m.罪；罪恶：罪过 pessimistic /.pesI'mIstik/adj. brick /brik/n.砖：砖块 *ladder/'1ed(r)/m.梯子 观的：悲观主义的 blank /blaenk/ad.空的；无图画fate/fert/n.命运的安排 ambitious/enb3s/adj.有野心 (或装饰、标记)的 amateur/'aemt(r)/n.业余爱好的：有雄心的 *nonsense/'nonsns/n.谬论；胡者：业余运动员：adj.业余的pond /ppnd/n.池塘，尤指人工 扯：胡言乱语 humble/'hmbl/adj.谦逊的；虚的 shade/feId/n.窗帘；帘布；阴凉心的 labour/leba(r)/n.体力劳动 处：背阴；（树）荫 *amid/A'mId/prep.在…过程carpet/'ka:pit//n.地毯 firm/f3m/adj.牢固的：稳固的中；在…中 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.amateur/'aemta(r)/m.业余爱好者；业余运动员；adj.业余的 词汇变形 名词形式：amateurism(业余身份；业余活动) 反义词：professional(专业的：专业人士) 构词解析 前缀a-:表“非、不”；词根mater:意为“熟练的、精通的”，合起来表示“非熟练的人”。 例句 Though he is an amateur photographer,his photos have won several prizes. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） As an (amateur)dancer,she practices harder than many professionals.(amateur) 2.ambitious/en'bus/adj.有野心的：有雄心的 词汇变形 名词形式：ambition(野心：雄心) 副词形式：ambitiously(雄心勃勃地) 构词解析 高中沪教版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 前缀ambi-:表“周围、两边”：词根it:意为“走”，合起来表示“四处奔走追求目标”；后缀-ous: 构成形容词，表“具有…性质的”。 例句 Her ambitious plan to climb Mount Everest surprised everyone. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句） Young people should be ambitious and strive to achieve their dreams. 3.pessimistic/pesI'mistik/adj.悲观的：悲观主义的 词汇变形 名词形式：pessimism(悲观主义) 反义词：optimistic(乐观的) 构词解析 前缀pess-:表“坏的、负面的”；词根sim:意为“态度”；后缀-istic:构成形容词，表“…主义 的”。 例句 Don't be so pessimistic-things will get better soon 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） He has a(pessimistic)view of the future and always expects the worst.(pessimistic) 4.accompany/A'kmp3niw.陪同；陪伴 词汇变形 名词形式：accompaniment(陪伴；伴奏) 构词解析 前缀ac-:表“加强”；词根company:意为“伙伴”，合起来表示“成为伙伴一起行动”。 例句 She asked her brother to accompany her to the airport. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句） The singer was accompanied by a pianist during the performance 5.firm/f3m/adj.牢固的：稳固的 词汇变形 副词形式：firmly(坚定地：牢固地) 动词形式：fim（使坚固：使稳定) 构词解析 后缀y:构成副词，表“以…方式”。 例句 He held the rope firm to prevent himself from falling. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） She shook her head__(fim)to show she disagreed..(答案：firmly) 6.humble/'hmbl/adj.谦逊的：虚心的 词汇变形 2 高中沪教版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 名词形式：humility(谦逊：谦卑) 动词形式：humble(使谦卑：贬低) 构词解析 前缀hum-:表“土、地”，原指“像尘土一样卑微”；后缀ble:构成形容词，表“可…的”。 例句 Despite his success,he remained humble and respectful to others. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） The scientist's (humble)attitude won the respect of his colleagues.(humble) 7.hint /hint/v.暗示；透露；n.提示；示意 词汇变形 名词复数：hints(提示：线索) 构词解析 无明显前后缀，词根hint直接表示“暗示”。 例句 She dropped a hint that she might quit her job soon. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句） The teacher gave us a hint about the answer to the difficult question. 8.labour/'leba(r)/h.体力劳动 词汇变形 动词形式：labour(劳动：努力工作) 形容词形式：labour-intensive（劳动密集型的) 构词解析 后缀-our:构成名词（英式拼写，美式为labor);-intensive:表“密集的”。 例句 Farming requires a lot of hard labour,especially during harvest time. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） The project is (labour)and will take at least three months to complete.(labour-intensive) 9.blank /blaenk/adj.空的：无图画（或装饰、标记）的 词汇变形 名词形式：blak(空白处：空格) 动词形式：blank(使模糊：使空白) 构词解析 无明显前后缀，词根blank直接表示“空的”。 例句 She handed in a blank paper because she couldn't answer any questions. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） Please fill in the (blank)with the correct words from the passage.(答案：blanks) l0.stem/sten/m.(花草的)茎；（花叶的）梗，柄 3 高中沪教版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 词汇变形 动词形式：stem(阻止：起源于) 固定搭配：stem from（起源于；由…造成) 构词解析 无明显前后缀，词根stm直接表示“茎”，动词含义为“像茎一样支撑或阻止”。 例句 The river stems from a small lake in the mountains. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句） The problem stems from a lack of communication between the two teams. 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.The young athlete turned from an_ (业余爱好者)to a professional after years of training, 7.Her (to start her own business inspired many young people around her. 8.Despite the difficulties,he never had a (悲观的attitude towards life. 9.The pianist's skillful()added beauty to the singer's performance. 10.The old house has a large (地毯)covering the living room floor 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.She nodded (firm)to show her agreement with the plan. 7.The scientist's _(humble)made him popular among his students 8.The project requires a lot of(labour),so we need more workers 9.Please write down your answers in the (blank)provided below. 10.The manager's decision (stem)from a careful analysis of market data 三、完成句子（每空一词) 5.他的成功源于不懈的努力和坚定的意志。 His success continuous effort and strong will. 6.母亲陪同女儿去参加了钢琴比赛。 The mother her daughter to the piano competition. 高中沪教版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 7.尽管他是业余画家，但他的作品受到了专业人士的赞赏。 Though he is an painter,his works are praised by professionals. 8.别理会那些荒谬的言论，专注于你的目标。 Don't pay attention to the remarks;focus on your goal. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Amy is an (amateur)photographer who dreams of becoming a professional.Her (am- bition)drives her to practice daily.Once,(amid)a storm,she captured a stunning photo of lightning over the city.The photo's success (stem)from her patience and skill. Her parents,though(pessimistic)at first,now support her.Theyeven boughther anew camera. Amy often walks in the park,looking for the best (shade)spots to take photos.She believes that great art comes from (humble)observation of life.Last month,her work won first prize in a competition,and she felt a sense of (pride)she had never experienced before 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.amateur 7.ambition 8.pessimistic 9.accompaniment 10.carpet Ⅱ用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.firmly 7.humility 8.labour 9.blanks 10.stems I.完成句子 5.stems from 6.accompanied 7.amateur 8.nonsensical V.语篇填空 1.amateur 2.ambition 3.amid 4.stems 5.pessimistic 6.shady 7.humble P pride 5