Unit 1 Decisions 二-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第二册（沪教版）

高中选择性必修第二册沪教版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 寒假专版 【Unit 1】Decisions二 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 deserve/dr'z3vw.值得：应受 rocket/'Dkt/h.火箭 手；adj.助理的：副的 cease/si:sy.停止 recite/r'sat/w.背诵；吟诵 inquiry/n'kwarari/n.询间；打 g0at/gpth.山羊 patent/'pertnt/n.专利 你 scholarship/'skplaftp/h.奖学金insight/'nsat/h.洞悉；了解 *scan/kenW.扫描（图像或文 circumstance/'s3:kamstans/h.条*counsellor/'kaonsala/m.夏令件) 件：环境 营负责人：顾问 qualification /kwplifi'keifn/n. *exaggeration /Ig,zaed33reufn/n. enthusiastic/m,ju:zi'estk/adj.(通过考试或者学习课程取得 夸张；言过其实 热心的 的)资格，学历 proof /pr:fh.证据：证明 entertainment ente teinmant/n. passionate/'pe∫nat/adj.热诚的娱乐节目：娱乐活动 mission/'mun/m.使命 assistant/为'sIstant//hn.助理；助 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.deserve /dr'z3vw.值得：应受 词汇变形 形容词形式：deserving(值得的) 构词解析 前缀de-:表“完全”：后缀-serve源自拉丁语servire(服务)，合意为“完全值得服务/回报”。 例句 She deserves a promotion for her hard work. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） He has made great efforts,so he(deserve)to win the prize.(deserves) 2.scholarship/'skDlafip/h.奖学金 词汇变形 形容词形式：scholarly(学术的；学者的) 构词解析 词根scholar(学者)+后缀-ship(表“身份、资格、关系”)，合意为“学者的资格/奖励”。 同类词：friendship(友谊)、leadership(领导力) 高中选择性必修第二册沪教版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 例句 She won a scholarship to study abroad. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句） His excellent grades earned him a full scholarship to the university. 3.circumstance/'s3 kamstans/m.条件；环境 词汇变形 形容词形式：circumstantial(间接的：依情况而定的) 构词解析 前缀circum-(环绕)+词根stance（站立)，合意为“环绕站立的事物一周围环境”。 例句 Under no circumstances should we give up. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） We need to consider all(circumstance)before making a decision.(circumstances) 4.exaggeration/1g.zed33'ren/m.夸张：言过其实 词汇变形 动词形式：exaggerate(夸张) 构词解析 前缀ex-(加强)+词根agger(堆积)+后缀-ation(表“动作或结果”)，合意为“过度堆积→夸 张”。 例句 His story about the accident was full of exaggeration. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） It's an_(exaggerate)to say the movie is the best ever made.(exaggeration) 5.passionate/'paefanat//adj.热诚的 词汇变形 名词形式：passion(热情) 副词形式：passionately(热情地) 构词解析 词根passion(热情)+后缀-ate(构成形容词，表“具有…性质的”)。 例句 She is passionate about protecting the environment. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句） His passionate speech inspired everyone in the room. 6.enthusiastic/m,0jiu:zi'estik/adj.热心的 词汇变形 名词形式：enthusiasm(热情) 构词解析 前缀em-（使)+词根theos(神)+后缀-astic(表“充满…的”)，合意为“像被神激励的→热 高中选择性必修第二册沪教版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 情的”。 例句 They gave an enthusiastic welcome to the new teacher. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） The students are_(enthusiasm)about the upcoming science fair.（答案：enthusiastic) 7.entertainment/,ente'temnmant/n.娱乐节日；娱乐活动 词汇变形 动词形式：entertain(娱乐；招待) 构词解析 前缀enter-.(使进入)+词根tain(保持)+后缀-ment(表“行为或结果”)，合意为“使保持愉悦 的状态→娱乐”。 例句 Watching movies is one of my favorite forms of entertainment 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） The hotel offers various(entertain)activities for guests.(entertainment) 8.assistant/A'sIstant/n.助理；助手；adj.助理的；副的 词汇变形 动词形式：assist(帮助) 构词解析 前缀as.（加强)+词根sist(站立)+后缀-ant(表“人或形容词”)，合意为“站在一旁协助的人 →助手”。 例句 She works as a personal assistant to the manager. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句） The laboratory assistant helped the students with their experiments. 9.inquiry/mn'kwarori/n.询问；打听 词汇变形 动词形式：inquire（询问) 构词解析 前缀n-(进入)+词根quir(寻求)+后缀-y(表“行为”)，合意为“深入寻求信息→询问”。 例句 The police made an inquiry into the accident. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习) We should(inquiry)about the details before signing the contract.(inquire) l0.qualification/,kwplrfi'kefn/n.资格，学历 词汇变形 动词形式：qualify(使合格) 形容词形式：qualified(合格的) 高中选择性必修第二册沪教版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 构词解析 前缀qual.(性质)+词根fic(做)+后缀-ation(表“动作或结果"”)，合意为“使具备某种性质→ 资格”。 例句 A teaching certificate is a necessary qualification for this job. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） She needs to _(qualification)as a doctor before starting work.(qualify) 11.patent/'pertnt/.h.专利 词汇变形 动词形式：patent(授予专利) 形容词形式：patented(已获专利的) 构词解析 源自拉丁语patens(公开的)，后缀-ent(构成形容词)，后演变为“公开的权利→专利”。 例句 The company applied for a patent for its new invention. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句） This technology has been patented and cannot be used without permission. 12.insight/'nsaIt/n.洞悉：了解 词汇变形 形容词形式：insightful(有洞察力的) 构词解析 前缀in-(进入)+词根sight(看)，合意为“深入看到→洞悉”。 例句 Her article provides a unique insight into modern art. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） The professor's(insight)analysis helped us understand the problem better.(insightful) 综合训练 一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The scientist applied for a()for his new invention. 2.Her(for music inspired everyone around her. 3.We need to consider all(before making a final decision. 4.His story about the adventure was full of_(夸张) 5.A teaching certificate is a necessary()for this job 4 高中选择性必修第二册沪教版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 6.The police made an into the cause of the accident 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.She is_(passion)about protecting wild animals and volunteers every weekend. 2.It's an (exaggerate)to say this is the worst movie ever made. 3.We should(inquiry)about the details before signing the contract. 4.The hotel offers various(entertain)activities for guests during the holiday. 5.His_(scholar)analysis of the poem won praise from the professor. 6.She needs to(qualification)as a doctor before starting work in the hospital. 7.The team's(enthusiastic)helped them win the championship. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.他努力工作，值得晋升。 He works hard and 2.在任何情况下我们都不应放弃希望。 should we give up hope 3.她的文章提供了对现代艺术的独特洞察。 Her article provides a uniquemodern art. 4.实验室助理帮助学生们做实验。 The laboratorythe students with their experiments. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 高中选择性必修第二册沪教版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 Maria is a-(passion)researcher who dreams of winning a_(scholar)to study abroad.She has made great efforts in her field and(deserve)recognition.However,she often faces challenges due to different_(circumstance). Last month,she applied for a project but was asked about her(qualify).To clarify,she made an -(inquiry)and learned she needed more experience.Her assistant suggested she_(exaggerate)her achievements,but Maria refused.Instead,she worked(passionate)to improve her work. Now,her_(insight)analysis has impressed the judges.They say her dedication and_(enthusiastic) make her a strong candidate.Maria believes that honesty and hard work are the best_(qualification) for success. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.patent 2.passion 3.circumstances 4.exaggeration 5.qualification 6.inquiry I用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.passionate 2.exaggeration 3.inquire 4.entertainment 5.scholarly 6.qualify 7. enthusiasm II.完成句子 1.deserves a promotion 2.Under no circumstances 3.insight into 4.assistant helped V.语篇填空 1.passionate 2.scholarship 3.deserves 4.circumstances 5.qualifications 6.inquiry 7.exaggerate 8.passionately 9.insightful 10.enthusiasm 11.qualifications 6