Unit 2 The things around us 二-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲必修第三册（沪教版）

高中必修第三册沪教版 【寒假专版】 ，E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 寒假专版 【Unit2】The things around us 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 income/'Inkm/n.收入；所得 证明；证实 argument/a:gjumant/n.争论： treat /tri:t/v.处理；讨论 protest/'pratest//v.抗议；反对 辩论；争吵 kit /kit/n.全套衣服及装备 awkward'o:kwad/adj.令人尴roast/ra5st/V.烤：培；烘（肉 ym/d3m/n.健身房：体育馆 尬的：使人难堪的 等) habitat/'hbtt/n.(动植物snog/smDg/n.烟雾；雾霾 bake /beik/v.烤；焙（面包等） 的)生活环境：栖息地 side/slard/n.幻灯片；滑动 liquid/'likwid/n.液体 import/'mp3:t/v.进口；输入；hire/'hara(r)/v.租用；租借 引进 bitter/'bta)/adj.(食物等)味 certify/'s3tfa/v.(尤指书面)苦的；苦的 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.income/'mkm/n.收入；所得 词汇变形 动词形式：eam(赚取，虽非直接变形，但常搭配使用：earn income) 构词解析 前缀in-:表“进入”；come意为“来”，合为“进入的钱”即“收入”。 同类词：input(输入)、inside(内部) 例句 His main income comes from his part-time job in the gym. 真题链接（沪教版高中必修第三册同步练习） People usually work to get__(收入)to support their families.(答案：income) 2.treat/i:t/v.处理；讨论 词汇变形 名词形式：treatment(治疗；处理) 构词解析 后缀-ment:加在动词后构成名词，表“行为、过程或结果”。 同类词：develop→development(发展)、move→movement(移动) 例句 1 高中必修第三册沪教版 【寒假专版】 ,E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 The doctor will treat his illness with special medicine. 真题链接（沪教版高中必修第三册教材例句) The new method of treating water pollution has been widely used. 3.import/'mp3t/v.进口；输入：引进 词汇变形 反义词：export(出口) 名词形式：import(进口商品，重音在后：/'mpo:t/) 构词解析 前缀im-:表“进入”（同in-,因后接p字母同化）：pot意为“运送”，合为“运入”即“进口”。 同类词：import一→exot(ex-表“出”)、important(重要的，port此处意为“支撑”) 例句 This country imports most of its oil from the Middle East. 真题链接（沪教版高中必修第三册同步练习） The government decided to_(进口)more advanced technology from abroad..(答案：import) 4.certify/'s3tfa/v.(尤指书面)证明：证实 词汇变形 名词形式：certificate(证书)；形容词形式：certified(经过认证的) 构词解析 前缀cert-:表“确定、确信”（同certain):后缀-ify:加在名词/形容词后构成动词，表“使…化： 使成为”。 同类词：classify(分类)、simplify(简化) 例句 The company will certify the product before it goes on sale. 真题链接（沪教版高中必修第三册同步练习） You need a (证书)to prove your English level.(答案：certificate) 5.protest/'pratest/.v.抗议：反对 词汇变形 名词形式：protest(抗议，发音同动词) 构词解析 前缀pro-:表“向前、公开”；test意为“见证、证明”，合为“公开表明（反对）”即“抗议”。 同类词：protect(保护，pro-表“在前”+tect“覆盖”)、propose(提议) 例句 Students gathered to protest against the new policy. 真题链接（沪教版高中必修第三册教材例句） The workers held a protest outside the factory for better working conditions. 6.awkward/'kwad/adj.令人尴尬的：使人难堪的 词汇变形 副词形式：awkwardly 2 高中必修第三册沪教版 【寒假专版】 E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 名词形式：awkwardness 构词解析 后缀-ward:表“向…方向”（此处为古英语用法，后演变为形容词后缀)：-ly构成副词，-ness构 成名词。 同类词：backward(向后的)、forward(向前的) 例句 He felt awkward when he realized he had made a mistake. 真题链接（沪教版高中必修第三册同步练习） She smiled (尴尬地)and looked away from the crowd.(答案：awkwardly) 7.hire/"haIa(/v.租用；租借 词汇变形 反义词：rent out(出租，rent可作“租用/出租”，hire侧重“短期租用”) 名词形式：hire(租金；雇佣) 构词解析 无明显前后缀，为基础动词，衍生名词形式与动词同形。 例句 We can hire a car to travel around the city. 真题链接（沪教版高中必修第三册同步练习） They decided to_(租用)a house near the gym for the summer..(答案：hire) 8.argument/'a:gjumant/n.争论：辩论；争吵 词汇变形 动词形式：argue(争论) 形容词形式：argumentative(好争论的) 构词解析 动词argue去掉e加后缀-ment构成名词；-ative构成形容词，表“倾向于…的”。 同类词：agree→agreement(同意)、state→statement(陈述) 例句 Their argument lasted for hours without a conclusion. 真题链接（沪教版高中必修第三册教材例句） We should avoid (争论)with others over small things..(答案：arguing) 9.liquid/'1kwd/n.液体 词汇变形 形容词形式：1 iquid(液体的：流动的) 构词解析 无明显前后缀，名词与形容词同形，源于拉丁语“流动的物质”。 同类词：solid(固体；固体的)gas(气体) 例句 Water and oil are both liquids,but they don't mix. 真题链接（沪教版高中必修第三册同步练习） 3 高中必修第三册沪教版 【寒假专版】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 The (液体)in the bottle is dangerous and should be kept away from children.(答案：liquid) 10.habitat/'haebitaet/n.(动植物的)生活环境：栖，息地 词汇变形 动词形式：inhabit(居住于)：名词：inhabitant(居民) 构词解析 前缀habit-.:表“居住”（同habit“习惯”，原义“居住方式”）：后缀-at:构成名词，表“地点”。 同类词：cohabit(同居，co-表“共同”)、habitation(居住) 例句 The panda's natural habitat is the bamboo forest. 真题链接（沪教版高中必修第三册同步练习) We need to protect the_(栖，息地)of endangered animals.(答案：habitat) 11.roast个ast/V.烤；焙：烘（肉等） 词汇变形 形容词形式：I'oasted(烤过的) 构词解析 无明显前后缀，动词可直接加-d构成形容词。 同类词：bake(烤)、fiy(煎) 例句 My mother likes to roast chicken for dinner on Sundays. 真题链接（沪教版高中必修第三册教材例句） The (烤的)potatoes smell delicious.(答案：roasted) 12.bake /beik/v.烤；焙（面包等） 词汇变形 名词形式：baker(面包师)：名词：baking(烘焙) 构词解析 后缀-r:加在动词后表“从事…的人”；-ing构成动名词表“行为”。 同类词：teach一teacher（教师)、drive→driving(驾驶) 例句 She bakes fresh bread every morning. 真题链接（沪教版高中必修第三册同步练习） The (面包师in this shop makes the best croissants..(答案：baker) 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The government plans to (more medical supplies from other countries. 高中必修第三册沪教版 【寒假专版】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 2.We should try our best to protect the natural (栖息地)of wild animals. 3.Her main (收入)comes from writing popular novels.. 4.The doctor will provide special (for his serious illness. 5.A valid (证t书)is required to apply for this job. 6.The (in this bottle is used for cleaning electronic devices. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The company needs to(certify)the safety of the new product before selling it. 2.She (roast)a turkey for Thanksgiving dinner last year. 3.The workers held a(protest)against the unfair working conditions. 4.My aunt is a skilled (bake)who makes delicious cakes. 5.He felt (awkward)when he realized he wore the wrong clothes to the party. 6.The (argue)between the two friends lasted for more than an hour. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.这个国家大部分石油依赖进口。 This countrymost of its oil other countries. 2.她每天早上烤新鲜面包在店里卖。 She fresh bread every morning to sell in her shop. 3.这家工厂因污染环境被要求处理废水。 The factory was asked to the waste water because it polluted the environment. 4.我们应该避免为小事和家人争吵。 We should avoid with family members over small things. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 5 高中必修第三册沪教版 【寒假专版】 ，E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 Many animals are losing their natural (habitat)due to human activities.For example,some birds can no longer find safe places to live because their homes are destroyed.To solve this problem, the government has decided to (import)advanced technology to protect the environment. Farmers in the area used to (argue)about water resources.Now,they work together to save water and plant more trees.A local (bake)even started a project to donate food to those who help protect wildlife. Last week,a group of students visited a nature reserve.They learned how to (treat)injured animals and got a (certificate)after finishing the training.Their teacher said,"It's important for young people to understand the importance of environmental protection." 参考答案 I根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.import 2.habitat 3.income 4.treatment 5.certificate 6.liquid Ⅱ用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.certify 2.roasted 3.protest 4.baker 5.awkward 6.argument I.完成句子 1.imports;from 2.bakes 3.treat 4.arguing V.语篇填空 1.habitats 2.import 3.argue 4.baker 5.treat 6.certificate 6