Unit 3 Earth Protection - Reading Further-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第四册（重庆大学版）

选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 寒假专版 【Unit3】Earth Protection-Reading Further 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 alert/Al3:t/adj./w.h.警觉的：警biological/,baI3'l1Ddkk/adj.生deforested/di:fpristd/adj.被砍 惕的；提醒：警报 物的：生物学的 伐森林的 extinct/k'stkt/adj.灭绝的；绝biologist/bar'Dlad3Ist/n.生物学desertification/d,z3tfi'keIn/n. 种的：消亡的 家 荒漠化：沙漠化 blanket/'blaenkIt/n./v./adj.;deforestation di:forI'ster n/n. 毛毯：覆盖；总括的 毁林：滥伐森林 词义辨析及同义替换 1.alert/'l3t/adj.w.n.警觉的：警惕的：提醒；警报 词义辨析： alet:作形容词时，强调“对危险或潜在问题保持警觉的”，常作表语或定语；作动词时表示“提 醒、使警觉”；作名词指“警报”。 watchful:仅作形容词，意为“警惕的、注意的”，侧重持续观察以发现可能发生的事情。 同义替换： watchful,vigilant.warn 例句： The soldiers remained alert throughout the night. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习） The teacher asked the students to stay-during the experiment to avoid accidents A alert B asleep C absent (答案：A) 2.extinct/k'stkt/adj.灭绝的：绝种的；消亡的 词义辨析： extinct:.指物种、语言、习俗等“完全消失、不再存在的”，强调永久性。 选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 vanished:既可作形容词也可作动词过去分词，指“消失的、不复存在的”，语气比extinct稍弱， 也可指暂时不见。 同义替换： vanished.lost.defunct 例句： Dinosaurs have been extinct for millions of years 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册单元测试） Many animals are in danger of becoming_if we don't protect their habitats. A extinct B alive C active (答案：A) 3.blanket/'blaenkIt/n.w./adj.毯子；毛毯；覆盖：总括的 词义辨析： blanket:作动词时表示“完全覆盖”，强调覆盖的全面性；作形容词意为“总括的、笼统的”。 cover:作动词时含义更广，可指“覆盖、遮盖”，也可指“包含、涉及”，使用范围比blanket大。 同义替换： cover,wrap,overall 例句： The mountain was blanketed with snow after the heavy storm 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习） The new policy will have a-effect on all departments of the company. A blanket B single C partial (答案：A) 4.biological/baia'lpd3k/adj.生物的；生物学的 词义辨析： biological:指与“生物学、生命过程相关的”，如biological clock(生物钟)、biological diversity (生物多样性)。 biotic:形容词，意为“生物的、生命的”，侧重与非生物(abiotic)相对，多用于科学语境。 同义替换： biotic,life-related 例句： We are learning about biological evolution in our science class 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册单元测试) Thebalance of the ecosystem was destroyed by human activities. A biological B chemical C physical (答案：A) 5.biologist/bar'Dlad3Ist/n.生物学家 词义辨析： biologist:指研究生物学的“科学家”，专注于生命有机体的研究。 2 选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 zoologist: 指专门研究“动物学”的科学家，范围比biologist窄。 botanist:指专门研究“植物学”的科学家，也是biologist的一个分支。 同义替换： life scientist,biological researcher 例句： The biologist spent years studying the behavior of monkeys in the rainforest 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册阅读拓展） Jane Goodall is a famous-who is known for her work with chimpanzees. A biologist B physicist C chemist(答案：A) 6.deforestation/,di:forr'sten/n.毁林；滥伐森林 词义辨析： deforestation:指“大规模砍伐森林”的行为或过程，是不可数名词。 logging:指“伐木、采运木材”的行业或活动，不一定是破坏性的滥伐。 同义替换： forest destruction,tree felling 例句： Deforestation has led to the loss of many animal habitats 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册环保专题) -is one of the main causes of climate change and soil erosion. A Deforestation B Reforestation C Afforestation (答案：A) 7.deforested/di:'foristid/adj.被砍伐森林的 词义辨析： deforested:指土地“被砍伐森林的、森林消失的”，强调结果。 logged:指“被采伐木材的”，侧重经过伐木作业的。 同义替换： clear-cut,forest-free 例句： The once green area has become a deforested land due to human activities 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册单元练习） The_region suffered from serious floods because there were no trees to hold the soil. A deforested B forested C fertile(答案：A) 8.desertification/d,Z3tfi'keIn/n.荒漠化；沙漠化 词义辨析： desertification:指土地逐渐变成沙漠的过程，强调生态环境的恶化。 aridification:指气候“干旱化”，侧重降水减少导致的干燥过程。 选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： desert formation,land desertification 例句： Overgrazing and climate change are major factors contributing to desertification 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册地理相关阅读） Measures should be taken to prevent_in the northern part of the country. A desertification B urbanization C industrialization (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The villagers need to stayduring the night to protect their crops from wild animals. A alert B asleep C absent 2.Due to habitat loss,the rare bird species has become in this area. A extinct B alive C active 3.The mountain waswith snow after the blizzard,making it look like a white giant. A blanketed B covered Cwrapped 4.The research focuses on the relationship between plants and insects in the rainforest A biological B chemical C physical 5.-has caused the local temperature to rise significantly over the past decade. A Deforestation B Reforestation C Afforestation 6.Theland can no longer support wildlife as most trees were cut down last year. A deforested 4 选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 B forested C fertile 7.A team ofwill study the behavior of pandas in the new nature reserve. A biologists Bphysicists C chemists 8.The government is taking measures to prevent_in the western grasslands. A desertification B urbanization C industrialization 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.The fire a_warned residents to evacuate the building immediately. 2.Dinosaurs have been e for over 65 million years. 3.The new policy will have a bimpact on all employees,regardless of their positions. 4.Bdiversity is crucial for maintaining a healthy ecosystem 5.D_is destroying the homes of many endangered species in the Amazon. 6.The once green hillside is now a d area due to years of logging 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The soldiers remained(alert)throughout the night patrol. 2.Human activities have led to the_(extinct)of several plant species. 3.After the storm,the entire village was_(blanket)in thick fog. 4.(biology)research has made significant progress in treating genetic diseases. 5.The_(deforest)area now faces severe soil erosion during the rainy season. 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.科学家们正在努力保护那些濒临灭绝的动物。 Scientists are working hard to protect those_animals. 选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 2.大雪覆盖了整个山脉，景色十分壮观。 The whole mountain range. snow,presenting a spectacular view. 3.生物多样性的丧失对生态系统造成了严重威胁 The loss of_poses a serious threat to the ecosystem. 4.滥伐森林是导致气候变化的主要原因之一。 -is one of the main causes of-change. 五、语篇填空 Forests are vital for our planet.However,(1)_(deforestation/deforest)has become a major problem worldwide.When trees are cut down,many animals lose their habitats,and some species even be- come(2)(extinct/vanished).In(3)_(biological/biotic)terms,this disrupts the balance of ecosys- tems.For example,(4)_(deforested/logged)areas often suffer from floods because there are no trees to hold the soil.To solve this,(5)_(biologists/zoologists)suggest planting more trees and reducing unnecessary logging.It's our duty to protect forests and prevent further (6)(desertifica- tion/aridification)of land. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.A2.A 3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A 工根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.alert 2.extinct 3.blanket 4.Biological 5.Deforestation 6.deforested I用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.alert 2.extinction 3.blanketed 4.Biological 5.deforested V,.完成句子 1.endangered 2.is blanketed with 3.biological diversity 4.Deforestation;climate V.语篇填空 1.deforestation 2.extinct 3.biological 4.deforested 5.biologists 6.desertification 6