Unit 3 Earth Protection-Reading Further-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册期末词汇复习（重大版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第四册·重庆大学版·Unit3 EarthProtection-Readin gFurther 一、重点单词详解 1:alert 一、 构词法（词性转换） 形容词：alet（本身可作形容词) 动词：alet(由形容词转化为动词) 副词：alertly'l3tli/(由形容词+y构成) 名词：alertness月'l3tas/(由形容词+-ness构成) 二、用法与常见搭配 形容词(alet) be alert to sth.(对某事警觉) keep alert(保持警惕) 副词(alertly) watch alertly(警觉地观察) 动词(alet) alert sb.to sth.(提醒某人注意某事) alert sb.that.(提醒某人…) 名词(alet) in alert(处于警戒状态) a security alert(安全警报) 三、辨析 alert VS aware:alet强调通过感官或直觉保持警惕；aware侧重通过信息或经验意识到 某事，如be aware of(意识到)。 2:extinct “、 构词法（词性转换） 形容词：extinct(本身) 动词：extinguish /Ik'stugwi/(t.熄灭；灭绝) 名词：extinction/Ik'stkn/(n.灭绝；消亡) 二、用法与常见搭配 形容词(extinct) an extinct species(灭绝的物种) an extinct volcano(a死火山) extinct languages(消亡的语言) 名词(extinction) mass extinction(大规模灭绝) risk of extinction(灭绝风险) dive.to extinction（使…灭绝) 动词（extinguish) extinguish fire(灭火) extinguish hope(使希望破灭) 三、拓展 反义词：extant /ik'staent/(adj.现存的；尚存的) 3:blanket 一、 构词法（词性转换） 名词：blanket(本身) 动词：blanket(由名词转化为动词) 形容词：blanket(由名词转化为形容词) 二、用法与常见搭配 名词(blanket) a woolen blanket(羊毛毯) cover.with a blanket(用毯子盖…) 动词(blanket) be blanketed with snow(被雪覆盖) blanket the country(覆盖全国) 形容词(blanket) a blanket policy(总括政策) blanket restrictions(全面限制) 三、辨析 blanket(v.)VS cover:blanket强调完全覆盖，如The mountain was blanketed in fog.; cover侧重遮盖表面，如Cover the table with a cloth 4:biological 一、 构词法（词性转换） 词根：bio-(生命)+-logical(…学的) 名词：biology/bar'lad3i/(n.生物学) 名词：biologist/ar'plad3Ist/(n.生物学家) 副词：biologically/,bara'lDd3rki/(adv.生物学上) 二、用法与常见搭配 biological clock(生物钟) biological diversity(生物多样性) biological evolution(生物进化) biological parents(亲生父母) biologically speaking（从生物学角度讲) 三、拓展 同根词：biography(n.传记，词根bio-+graphy”记录) 5:biologist 一、构词法（词性转换） 词根：biology(n.生物学)+-ist（从事…的人) 名词：biology(生物学) 形容词：biological（生物的) 动词：biologize/bar'olad3arzl(vi.研究生物学) 二、用法与常见搭配 a marine biologist(海洋生物学家) a wildlife biologist(野生动物学家) work as a biologist(担任生物学家) 三、拓展 后缀-ist:表示专家”，如artist（艺术家)、scientist（科学家)。 6:deforestation 一、构词法（词性转换） 词根：forest(n.森林) 动词：deforest/,di:'forist/（vt.砍伐森林) 形容词：deforested/di:'foristrd/(adj.被砍伐森林的) 名词：deforestation（由deforest+-ation构成) 二、用法与常见搭配 cause deforestation(造成毁林) deforestation rate(毁林率) combat deforestation(对抗毁林) deforested areas（被伐林区) 三、拓展 反义词：reforestation/i:,forr'ster n/(n.重新造林) 7:deforested 一、构词法（词性转换） 动词：deforest(vt.砍伐森林) 名词：deforestation(n.毁林) 二、用法与常见搭配 deforested land(被伐林地) areas deforested by humans(被人类砍伐的地区) replant deforested regions（在被伐林区重新植树) 三、拓展 前缀de-:表示'去除”，如deforest(去除森林)、devalue(贬值)。 8:desertification 一、构词法（词性转换） 词根：desert(n.沙漠)+-ification(…化) 动词：desertify/d'z3:tfar(vt.使沙漠化) 形容词：desertified/dr'z3:tfard/(adj.沙漠化的) 二、用法与常见搭配 combat desertification(防治荒漠化) desertification control(荒漠化治理) causes of desertification(沙漠化原因) desertified soil(沙漠化土壤) 三、拓展 同根词：desert(v.抛弃)，如desert one's family(抛弃家庭)。 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.We must be to the potential dangers of climate change. A)alert B)aware C)extinct D)blanket 2.The scientist the public to the risk of air pollution. A)alerted B)extinguished C)blanketed D)desertified 3.Dinosaurs have been_for millions of years. A)extinct B)extant C)alert D)biological 4.The mountain was_in snow after the heavy storm. A)covered B)blanketed C)deforested D)desertified 5.diversity is crucial for maintaining ecosystem balance. A)Biological B)Biologist C)Biology D)Biologically 6.The rate of in the Amazon has increased by 20%this year. A)deforestation B)reforestation C)desertification D)extinction 7.This area was once lush,but now it has become land due to overfarming. A)deforested B)desertified C)extinct D)alert 8.Awarned that the species could face extinction within a decade. A)biologist B)biology C)biological D)biography 9.The government has launched a program to combatin northern regions. A)desertification B)deforestation C)extinction D)alertness 10.The fire was finally_after three hours of hard work. A)extinguished B)deforested C)blanketed D)alerted (二)根据提示补全句子(6题) 1.The villagers were warned to stay_(alert)during the storm. 2.The(extinct)of the dodo bird was caused by human activities. 3.The valley was (blanket)with a thick layer of fog in the morning. 4.(biology)parents are those who gave birth to a child. 5.The(deforest)of the area has led to soil erosion. 6.The(desertify)process in this region must be stopped immediately. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.It's important to keep a when walking alone at night 2.Many species are in danger of edue to habitat loss. 3.The whole city was bin white snow on Christmas Day. 4.B research has made great progress in fighting diseases. 5.D is a serious problem that destroys fertile land 6.The police a_the public about the escaped prisoner 7.The volcano has been efor hundreds of years. 8.A team ofbis studying the behavior of pandas. 9.The government is taking measures to reduce d rates. 10.The land became d_after years of drought and overgrazing. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：A AABAAB AAA 2.补全句子答案： 1.alert 2.extinction 3.blanketed 4.Biological 5.deforestation 6.desertification 3.首字母填空答案： 1.alert 2.extinction 3.blanketed 4.Biological 5.Desertification 6.alerted 7.extinct 8.biol- ogists 9.deforestation 10.desertified 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第四册·Unit3 Earth Protection-Reading Further