Unit 3 Earth Protection-Reading Actively-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第四册（重庆大学版）

选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 寒假专版 【Unit3】Earth Protection-Reading Acively 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 underwater /,nda'wo:ta()/气：大气层：气氛 appliance /a'plarans/n.器具器 adj/adv.水下的：在水下 emission/i'mu/n.排放：散发；械：家用电器 damage/daemId3/n.w.损害：损排放量 burden/'b3:dn/n.W.负担；重 坏；破坏 tropical'tropikl/adj.热带的；担；加重负担；烦扰 flood /fl.4d山n.v.洪水：水灾：淹来自热带的 persuasive /p'sweIsIV/adj.有说 没；泛滥 install /in'st/v.安装；设置；服力的：能说服人的 carbon dioxide/,ka:ban dar'Dk-安顿 persuade /p3'sweid/V.说服；劝 said/phrase二氧化碳 generate/'d3 ensreit/v.产生；引说；使信服 atmosphere/etm3sfia)/n.大起；生成 词义辨析及同义替换 1.damage/'demd3yn.w.损害：损坏；破坏 词义辨析： damage:指对物体的部分损害，程度较轻，可修复，既可作名词也可作动词。 destroy:强调彻底破坏，难以修复，仅作动词。 1uin:指逐渐破坏或因自然力、时间等导致毁灭，可作动词或名词。 同义替换： harm,destroy,ruin 例句： The storm caused serious damage to the roof. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习） The earthquakemany houses,and thousands of people became homeless. A.damaged B.destroyed C.ruined(答案：B) 1 选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 2.1ood/fAd/n.w.洪水：水灾：淹没：泛滥 词义辨析： loo:指大量水流淹没土地，也可比喻某物大量涌现。 inundate:正式用词，强调被水淹没，也可指“使应接不暇”。 同义替换： inundate,deluge 例句： After the heavy rain,the river flooded the nearby villages 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册单元检测） The company was」 with applications for the job. A.flooded B.filled C.covered(答案：A) 3.atmosphere/'etm3 sfia(r)/n.大气：大气层；气氛 词义辨析： atmosphere:指地球大气层，也可指某场所的“氛围、气氛”。 air:泛指“空气”，是维持生命的气体。 同义替换： air,ambience 例句： The atmosphere at the party was very friendly 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册期中测试） We must protect the from pollution. A.air B.atmosphere C.environment (答案：B) 4.generate/'d3 enareit/v.产生：☑引起；生成 词义辨析： generate:侧重“产生能量、电力、想法等”，是及物动词。 produce:含义更广，可指生产产品、产生结果或自然生长。 同义替换： produce,create,make 例句： This machine can generate electricity from wind 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习） The new policy is expected tomore job opportunities. A.generate B.make C.do (答案：A) 5.appliance /a'plarans/n.器具；器械；家用电器 选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： appliance:特指家庭或工业用的“电器、器械”，如冰箱、洗衣机等。 device:指小型电子“设备、装置”，如手机、电脑等。 同义替换： device,instrument.tool 例句： We need to buy some new kitchen appliances 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册单元检测） This new can help you clean the floor automatically A.appliance B.device C.tool (答案：A) 6.burden/b3:h/n.~.负担；重担；加重负担；烦扰 词义辨析： burden:既可作名词“负担”，也可作动词“加重负担”，强调精神或物质上的压力。 load:指人或物所承载的“重量、负荷”，动词常与with搭配。 同义替换： load,pressure,weight 例句： The heavy workload has become a burden on him. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册期末测试） Don't yourself with too much work A.burden B.load C.press (答案：A) 7.persuasive /p3'sWeISIV//adj.有说服力的；能说服人的 词义辨析： persuasive:形容词，指“有说服力的”，侧重通过论证使人信服。 convincing:强调“令人信服的”，指证据或理由充分让人相信。 同义替换： convincing,compelling 例句： His persuasive speech changed many people's minds. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习） The lawyer gave a argument and won the case. A.persuasive B.convincing C.believable(答案：A) 8.persuade /p'swerd/v.说服；劝说；使信服 词义辨析： persuade:强调通过劝说使某人改变想法或行为，搭配persuade sb.to do sth.。 convince:侧重通过证据或道理“使信服”，搭配convince sb.of sth.。 3 选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： convince,induce,prevail upon 例句： She tried to persuade her parents to let her study abroad. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册单元检测) I finally him of the importance of exercise. A.persuaded B.convinced C.advised (答案：B) 9.install/mn'sto:l/v.安装；设置；安顿 词义辨析： install:指“安装设备、软件等”，或“安顿某人”。 fⅸ：泛指“修理、安装”，更口语化，可指简单安装或固定。 同义替换： set up,fix,mount 例句： We need to install a new air-conditioner in the bedroom 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习） He helped me the new software on my computer A.install B.fix C.set (答案：A) l0.emission/i'mn/n.排放：散发：排放量 词义辨析： emission:指气体、光、热等的“排放、散发”，尤指工业或环境相关排放。 discharge:侧重“排出液体、气体”，也可指“解雇、释放”。 同义替换： discharge,release 例句： The factory has reduced its carbon dioxide emissions. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册期中测试） The government is trying to control the of harmful gases A.emission B.discharge C.release (答案：A) l1.tropical/tDpk/adj.热带的：来自热带的 词义辨析： tropical::指“热带的”，强调气候炎热多雨，如tropical rainforest。 tropic:作名词指“回归线”，形容词tropic较不常用，多作定语。 同义替换： tropic,equatorial 4 选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 例句： Singapore is a tropical country with high humidity. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册单元检测） Many plants can be found in this area. A.tropical B.tropic C.hot（答案：A) l2.underwater/,nds'w:ta(r)/adj./adv.水下的；在水下 词义辨析： underwater: 作形容词“水下的”或副词“在水下”，强调位置在水面之下。 submarine:作形容词“海底的”，也可作名词“潜水艇”。 同义替换： submarine,submerged 例句： The divers found many underwater creatures. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习） This camera can be used up to 50 meters A.underwater B.submarine C.below (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The storm caused serious to the roof of the house A.damage B.destroy C.ruin 2.The heavy rain the streets and many cars were trapped. A.flooded B.inundated C.covered 3.Protecting the is important for reducing global warming. A.air B.atmosphere C.environment 4.This new technology can enough electricity for 500 families. 5 选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 A.generate B.produce C.make 5.My mother bought a new kitchen -a smart refrigerator A.appliance B.device C.tool 6.Don’t yourself with too much pressure from work and study. A.burden B.load C.press 7.The scientist gave a_ speech on environmental protection. A.persuasive B.convincing C.believable 8.We need to more young people to join the volunteer project. A.persuade B.convince C.advise 9.Could you help me the new software on my laptop? A.install B.fix C.set 10.The government has made laws to limit the of greenhouse gases. A.emission B.discharge C.release 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.The earthquake d hundreds of buildings in the city. 2.After the typhoon,many villages were f by the rising river water. 3.The a in the concert hall was full of excitement and joy. 4.Wind turbines can g_ clean energy without pollution. 6 选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 5.This electrical a is designed to save water and electricity. 6.Carrying heavy bags for a long time will byour shoulders. 7.Her pwords made everyone agree to support the charity event. 8.The factory was fined for its illegal e of toxic chemicals into the river. 9.T forests are home to millions of unique animal species. 10.Divers found ancient shipwrecks in the u_ caves near the coast. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The new policy is expected to (generate)more job opportunities for young people 2.My father spent the whole morning (install)the new air-conditioner in the living room. 3.We should try to reduce carbon (emit)to protect the environment 4.This smart home (apply)can control all electrical devices with a mobile phone. 5.Her (persuade)argument convinced the committee to approve the project. 6.The company has. (produce)a new type of robot that can clean underwater. 7.Don't (burden)your parents with unnecessary worries about your studies. 8.The (tropical)climate in this area is suitable for growing rice and bananas. 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.这家工厂已经减少了有害气体的排放量。 The factory has reduced its harmful gases 2.太阳能板可以将阳光转化为电能。 Solar panels can from sunlight. 3.他试图说服父母允许他参加夏令营。 He tried to his parents let him join the summer camp. 4.安装这个智能设备只需要十分钟。 It only takes ten minutes to this smart 5.洪水过后，整个村庄都被淹没了。 After the flood,the whole village 7 选择性必修第四册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Climate change is one of the biggest challenges today.Rising temperatures cause extreme weather events,such as heavy rains that (1) (flood/destroy)cities and heatwaves that damage crops. To solve this problem,we need to reduce greenhouse gas(2)(emissions/discharges)and use clean energy Many countries are now using wind and solar power to (3)(generate/produce)electricity.For example,windturbines(4)(install/set up)in coastal areas can provide power for thousands of homes.At the same time,families can help by using energy-saving(5)(appliances/devices) like LED lights and smart refrigerators. Protecting the(6) (atmosphere/air)also requires everyone's effort.We shouldplant more trees, recycle waste,and use public transport instead of cars.These actions may seem small,but they can (7) (generate/create)a big difference.Let's work together to make our planet greener and healthier. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.A2.A3.B4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A Ⅱ根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.destroyed 2.flooded 3.atmosphere 4.generate 5.appliance 6.burden 7.persuasive 8.emission 9.Tropical 10.underwater I用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.generate 2.installing 3.emissions 4.appliance 5.persuasive 6.produced 7burden 8.tropical V.完成句子 1.emission of 2.generate electricity 3.persuade;to 4.install;device 5.was flooded V.语篇填空 1.flood 2.emissions 3.generate 4.installed 5.appliances 6.atmosphere 7.make 8