Unit 6 A Greener Earth - Reading Actively-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲必修第二册（重庆大学版）

高中英语重庆大学版 【必修第二册】 Unit6词义辨析精讲 环保主题 Unit 6 A Greener Earth Reading Acively 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 green/grin/adj.绿色的；环保reusable/i:ju:zab/adj.可重复global/'glaubl/adj.全球的：全 的：未成熟的n.绿色：草坪：环使用的：可再次利用的 世界的：整体的 保人士 conserve /kan's3:v/v.保护；保global warming全球变暖 environment/m'var3 nmant/n.存；节约 climate/'klamat/n.气候；气候 环境：周围状况；自然环境 conservation/,kpns've/n.保区：思潮 environmental/m,varren'mentl//护；保存；节约 climate change气候变化 adj.环境的：有关环境的 energy/'end3in.能量；能源；carbon/'ka:ban/n.碳：碳元素 pollute/p3'lut/v.污染；弄脏：玷精力 carbon dioxide二氧化碳 污 energetic/,en3'd3etk/adj.精力emission/i'mun/n.排放：散发： pollution /p3'lun/n.污染；污染充沛的：充满活力的 排放物 物；玷污 renewable /ri'nju:abl/ad.可再reduce/r'djus/v.减少：降低： pollutant /pa'lu:tant/n.污染物；生的；可更新的：可恢复的 缩小 污染物质 non-renewable/,non rI'nju:abl/reduction/r'dkn/n.减少；降 waste/weist//n.浪费；废弃物；垃aj.不可再生的：不可更新的低；缩小 圾V.浪费；滥用：白费 resource'ssn.资源：物力；cut down砍倒；削减：减少 wasteful /'werstfl/adj.浪费的；财力 limit/'lmt/n.限度；限制：极 挥霍的：不经济的 natural resource自然资源 限V.限制；限定；约束 recycle/,ri:'sak/v.回收利用；deforestation/,di:forr'sterfn/n.limitation/,lmr'tejn/n.限制； 再利用：循环使用 砍伐森林；毁林 限度；局限 recycling/,ri:'sakl/n.回收利desertification/d,z3:tfi'keIn/n.limited/'lmtd/adj.有限的；受 用：再利用：循环使用 沙漠化：荒漠化 限制的：有限责任的 词义辨析及同义替换 高中英语重庆大学版 【必修第二册】 Unit6词义辨析精讲 1.environment/m'vairanment/n.环境：周围状况：自然环境 词义辨析： environment:泛指生物生存的自然或社会条件，强调环绕着某一特定对象的整体情况，既包括 自然环境也包括社会环境： surroundings:侧重指人或事物周围的具体物质环境，如房屋、街道、风景等，通常用复数形式。 同义替换： surroundings,habitat 例句： We should protect the environment for future generations. 2.pollute/p3'lut/v.污染；弄脏；玷污 词义辨析： pollute:强调有害物质进入环境（空气、水、土壤等），导致其质量下降，危害生物健康，是动 词。 contaminate: 语气更正式，指通过接触或混合使某物受到污染，可用于抽象事物（如名誉、思 想)。 同义替换： contaminate,.弄脏 例句： Factories should not pollute the river with waste water. 3.waste /weist/.n.浪费：废弃物：垃圾v.浪费；滥用：白费 词义辨析： waste作名词：指“浪费”（不可数）或“废弃物”（可数或不可数），如a waste of time(浪费时 间)，industrial wastes(工业废料)。 ubbish:口语中常用，特指“垃圾、废弃物”，不可数名词，无动词用法。 同义替换： rubbish,garbage (n.):squander,misuse (v.) 例句： It's a waste to throw away these reusable bottles. 4.recycle/,i:'sakl/v.回收利用；再利用；循环使用 词义辨析： recycle:指将废弃物加工处理后重新制成新产品，如recycle paper(回收纸张)。 reuse:强调多次使用同一物品，不改变其形态，如reuse a plastic bag(重复使用塑料袋)。 同义替换： reprocess,reuse 例句： We should recycle plastic bottles instead of throwing them away. 2 高中英语重庆大学版 【必修第二册】 Unit6词义辨析精讲 5.conserve/kan's3v/v.保护；保存；节约 词义辨析： conserve:侧重“保护资源、能源等不被过度消耗”，强调合理利用以维持长久，如conserve water (节约用水)。 preserve:指“保存某物使其保持原样”，如preserve food(保存食物)、preserve cultural relics(保 护文物)。 同义替换： preserve,save,protect 例句： We must conserve natural resources for future use. 6.reduce /rI'djus/v.减少；降低；缩小 词义辨析： reduce:强调数量、程度、尺寸等“减少或降低”，常用搭配reduce..to.(把…减少到…)， reduce..by.（减少了…)。 decrease:可作动词或名词，指“逐渐减少”，与increase相对，用法较广泛，如population decrease (人口减少)。 同义替换： decrease,cut down,lower 例句： We should reduce carbon emissions to fight global warming. 7.limit/'lmtn.限度；限制：极限v.限制：限定；约束 词义辨析： limit作动词：表示“设定界限或范围以控制某物”，如limit the number of people(限制人数)。 restrict:语气更强，指“通过规则、法律等严格限制”，如restrict smoking in public(限制公共场 所吸烟)。 同义替换： restrict,confine,set a limit on 例句： Our school limits the use of mobile phones in class. 8.global/'glaubl/adj.全球的；全世界的；整体的 词义辨析： global:强调“涉及整个世界的、全球性的”，如global economy(全球经济)、global warming(全 球变暖)。 worldwide:.既可作形容词也可作副词，指“遍及世界的”，如a worldwide crisis(全球性危机)， travel worldwide(环游世界)。 3 高中英语重庆大学版 【必修第二册】 Unit6词义辨析精讲 同义替换： worldwide,international,universal 例句： Global warming is a serious problem for all countries. 9.climate/'klammat/n.气候：气候区；思潮 词义辨析： climate:指某一地区长期的天气状况（温度、降水等），如tropical climate(热带气候)。 weather:指短期的大气状况（晴、雨、阴等），如What's the weather like today?(今天天气如 何？) 同义替换： weather pattern,atmospheric conditions 例句： Climate change has led to more extreme weather events 10.resource/r's3:s/n.资源；物力：财力 词义辨析： resource: 指“可利用的资源”，包括自然资源(natural resources)、人力资源(human resources) 等，常用复数形式。 source: 指“来源、出处”，如the source of a river(河流的源头)，a source of information(信息 来源)。 同义替换： asset,reserve 例句： Oil is an important natural resource for many countries. 11.renewable/r'nju:abl/ad.可再生的；可更新的；可恢复的 词义辨析： renewable: 指能源、资源等“可自然再生的”，如renewable energy(可再生能源：太阳能、风能 等)。 sustainable:强调“可持续的、不破坏环境的”，如sustainable development(可持续发展)。 同义替换： sustainable,regenerative 例句： Solar power is a kind of renewable energy. 12.cut down砍倒：削减：减少 词义辨析： cut down:作“砍倒”时，宾语通常是树木等：作“削减”时，宾语多为费用、数量等，如ct 高中英语重庆大学版 【必修第二册】 Unit6词义辨析精讲 down trees(砍树)，cut down expenses(削减开支)。 cut off::指“切断、中断”（供应、联系等），如cut off electricity(断电)，cut off communication (中断联系)。 同义替换： reduce,decrease,chop down 例句： We must stop cutting down forests to protect wildlife 13.emission/i'mn/n.排放：散发：排放物 词义辨析： emission:指气体、液体、光等的“排放、散发”，尤指工业或交通产生的有害排放物，如carbon emissions(碳排放)。 discharge:语气较正式，指“排放（液体、气体）”或“释放（电荷、责任等）”，如discharge waste water(排放废水)。 同义替换： release,discharge 例句： The government is trying to control carbon dioxide emissions. 14.natural resource自然资源 词义辨析： natural resource: 指自然界中可被人类利用的物质或能量，如water,oil,forests等，常用复数形 式。 mineral resource.:特指“矿产资源”，是自然资源的一种，如iron ore,.coal等。 同义替换： natural wealth,natural asset 例句： We should use natural resources wisely to avoid depletion. 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.We should try our best to protect the around us.including both natural and social conditions A.surroundings B.environment 5 高中英语重庆大学版 【必修第二册】 Unit6词义辨析精讲 C.habitat 2.Factories must stop the river with harmful chemicals,as it will threaten the health of local people. A.polluting B.contaminating C.wasting 3.It'sa. of money to buy so many disposable plastic bags every day. A.rubbish B.waste C.garbage 4.Instead of throwing away old newspapers,we can them to make new paper products A.reuse B.recycle C.conserve 5.To fight global warming,we need to carbon emissions by using public transport more often. A.reduce B.decrease C.cut down 6.Solar power is a kind of _energy that can be naturally replaced. A.renewable B.sustainable C.regenerative 7.The government has made laws to the number of trees being cut down in the forest A.limit B.restrict C.conserve 6 warming is causing ice to melt and sea levels to rise around the world. A.Global B.Worldwide C.Universal 9.The of harmful gases from cars and factories is a major cause of air pollution. A.emission B.discharge C.release 10.We should use resources like water and oil wisely to avoid running out of them. 6 高中英语重庆大学版 【必修第二册】 Unit6词义辨析精讲 A.natural B.mineral C.sustainable 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.We must stop c down forests to protect animals and plants 2.R paper and plastic bottles can help reduce waste and save energy. 3.It's important to cwater by turning off the tap when brushing teeth. 4.The factory was fined for its illegal e of waste water into the river. 5.Climate change has led to more extreme w conditions,such as heavy rain and heatwaves. 6.Using solar panels is a good way to user energy instead of fossil fuels. 7.The local government is trying to improve the living e by planting more trees in the city. 8.Don'tw food-you can save leftovers for lunch tomorrow. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.We should (conserve)natural resources for future generations. (recycle)is an effective way to reduce the amount of waste we produce 3.The company promised to(limit)its carbon emissions by 50%next year. 4.My mother always(reuse)glass jars to store food in the kitchen. 5.It's important to protect the(environment)to keep ecosystems balanced. 6.Factories must stop(pollute)the air with harmful smoke. 7.We can (reduce)our daily waste by using cloth bags instead of plastic ones. P (sustainable)development means meeting present needs without harming future genera- tions. 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.为了节约水资源，请在洗澡时关掉水龙头。 To please turn off the tap while showering. 7 高中英语重庆大学版 【必修第二册】 Unit6词义辨析精讲 2.我们应该回收利用电池而不是把它们扔进垃圾桶。 We should old batteries instead of throwing them into the trash can. 3.减少开车可以帮助降低碳排放，改善空气质量。 Driving less can help carbon and improve air quality. 4.保护环境是每个人的责任，而不仅仅是政府的责任。 Protecting the is everyone's duty,not just the government's. 5.我们必须停止砍伐树木，因为它们对维持气候平衡很重要。 We must stop trees because they are important for maintaining climate balance. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Our planet is facing serious environmental problems.One of the biggest issues is the destruction of the (environment/surroundings),which includes both natural areas and human communities. To solve this,we need to take action in our daily lives. First,we should avoid(pollute/polluting)the air and water.For example,we can use public transport instead of driving cars to reduce carbon(emission/emissions).Second,we must stop (waste/wasting)resources like food andpaper.Leftover food can be used as fertilizer,and old paper can be(recycle/recycled)into new products. Third,we should(conserve/preserve)water by fixing leaky taps and taking shorter showers. Finally,planting more trees can help fight global warming by absorbing carbon dioxide. By following these steps,we can make a difference.Remember:protecting the environment is not just a task for governments,but a responsibility for every person. 参考答案 I单项选择 1.B2.A3B4B5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.cutting 2.Recycle 3.conserve 4.emission 5.weather 6.renewable 7.environment 8.waste I用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.conserve 2.Recycling 3.limit 4.reuses 5.environment 6.polluting 7.reduce 8.Sus- tainable 8 高中英语重庆大学版 【必修第二册】 Unit6词义辨析精讲 V.完成句子 1.conserve water 2.recycle 3.reduce;emissions 4.environment 5.cutting down V.语篇填空 1.environment 2.polluting 3.emissions 4.wasting 5.recycled 6.conserve 9