内容正文:
期末词汇复习
必修第二册·重庆大学版·Unit6 AGreenerEarth-ReadingAcivel
y
一、
重点单词详解
1:environmental
一、核心考点
词性:形容词(adj.)
核心义:adj.环境的;有关环境的
二、构词法(词性转换)
词根:environment(n.环境)
名词:environment(环境)
形容词:environmental(由environment+-al构成)
副词:environmentally(environmental+-y,意为”环境方面地”)
二、
用法与常见搭配
形容词短语:
environmental protection环境保护
environmental problem环境问题
environmental pollution环境污染
副词搭配:
environmentally friendly环保的;对环境无害的
四、拓展用法
高频考点:在写作中描述环境问题或环保措施时使用,如Environmental issues have
become a global concern.”(环境问题已成为全球关注焦点)
2:pollution
一、核心考点
词性:名词(n.)
核心义:n.污染;污染物;玷污
二、
构词法(词性转换)
动词:pollute(v.污染)
名词:pollution(由pollute+-ion构成)
形容词:polluted(pollute+-ed,意为”被污染的”)
三、用法与常见搭配
常见类型:
air pollution空气污染
water pollution水污染
noise pollution噪音污染
介词搭配:
reduce pollution减少污染
cause pollution造成污染
suffer from pollution遭受污染
四、拓展用法
不可数名词:无复数形式,如We should take measures to control pollution.”(我们应采
取措施控制污染)
3:recycle
、
核心考点
词性:动词(v.)
核心义:v.回收利用;再利用;循环使用
二、
构词法(词性转换)
前缀:re-(再,重新)+cycle(循环)
名词:recycling(动名词形式,意为”回收利用”)
形容词:recyclable(recycle+-able,意为”可回收的”)
三、用法与常见搭配
动词短语:
recycle waste回收废弃物
recycle paper回收纸张
名词搭配:
recycling bin回收站;垃圾桶
recycling program回收计划
四、拓展用法
写作替换词:可替换reuse,表示”重复使用”,如We should recycle plastic bottles to
reduce waste.”(我们应回收塑料瓶以减少浪费)
4:conservation
、核心考点
词性:名词(n.)
核心义:n.保护;保存:节约
二、构词法(词性转换)
动词:conserve(v.保护;节约)
名词:conservation(由conserve+-ation构成)
形容词:conservative(conserve+-ative,意为”保守的;保守派的”,注意词义差异)
三、用法与常见搭配
固定搭配:
energy conservation能源节约
wildlife conse1 vation野生动物保护
conservation of natural resources自然资源保护
四、拓展用法
高频短语:natural resource conservation自然资源保护,如Conservation of water is impor--
tant in dry areas.”(在干旱地区节约用水很重要)
5:renewable
一、核心考点
词性:形容词(adj.)
核心义:adj.可再生的:可更新的;可恢复的
构词法(词性转换)
动词:renew(v.更新;重新开始)
形容词:renewable(renew+-able)
反义词:non-renewable(不可再生的)
三、
用法与常见搭配
固定短语:
renewable energy可再生能源(如solar energy,wind energy)
renewable resource可再生资源
反义词对比:
non-renewable resource不可再生资源(如coal,oil)
四、拓展用法
写作应用:在讨论能源问题时使用,如?Renewable energy is the key to solving the energy
ciss.”(可再生能源是解决能源危机的关键)
6:global warming
一、核心考点
词性:名词(n.)
核心义:n.全球变暖
二、构词法(词汇组合)
global(全球的)+warming(变暖,wam的现在分词形式)
相关词汇:
global(adj.全球的)
warming(n.变暖)
之、
用法与常见搭配
动词短语:
prevent global warming防止全球变暖
cause global warming导致全球变暖
形容词搭配:
serious global warming严重的全球变暖
四、拓展用法
高频考点:环境类写作核心话题,如Global warming has led to extreme weather events..”
(全球变暖导致了极端天气事件)
7:climate change
一、核心考点
词性:名词(n.)
核心义:n.气候变化
二、构词法(词汇组合)
climate(气候)+change(变化)
相关词汇:
climate(n.气候)
change(n./v.变化)
三、用法与常见搭配
动词短语:
combat climate change应对气候变化
adapt to climate change适应气候变化
形容词搭配:
global climate change全球气候变化
四、拓展用法
同义表达:可替换为climatic change,但climate change为固定术语,如'℃Climate change
is affecting ecosystems around the world.”(气候变化正影响全球生态系统)
8:emission
一、核心考点
词性:名词(n.)
核心义:n.排放;散发;排放物
二、构词法(词性转换)
动词:enit(v.排放;散发)
名词:emission(由emit+-sion构成)
、
用法与常见搭配
常见类型:
carbon emission碳排放
greenhouse gas emission温室气体排放
动词搭配:
reduce emissions减少排放
control emissions控制排放
四、拓展用法
写作高频词:在讨论环保和气候变化时使用,如'Many countries are trying to cut down
carbon emissions.”(许多国家正努力减少碳排放)
9:reduction
一、
核心考点
词性:名词(n.)
核心义:n.减少;降低;缩小
二、构词法(词性转换)
动词:reduce(v.减少;降低)
名词:reduction(由reduce+-tion构成)
三、用法与常见搭配
介词搭配:
reduction in.在…方面的减少(如1 eduction in emissions减排)
reduction of.…的减少(如reduction of waste减少浪费)
动词搭配:
make a reduction减少;降低
achieve a reduction实现减少
四、拓展用法
写作替换词:可替换decrease,.表示减少”,如We need a reduction in the use of non-
renewable resources.”(我们需要减少不可再生资源的使用)
10:resource
核心考点
词性:名词(n.)
核心义:n.资源;物力:财力
二、构词法(词性转换)
形容词:1 esourceful(resource+-fl,意为”资源丰富的足智多谋的”)
固定短语:
natural resource自然资源
human resource人力资源
三、用法与常见搭配
名词搭配:
limited resources有限的资源
abundant resources丰富的资源
动词搭配:
exploit resources开发资源
save resources节约资源
四、拓展用法
可数名词:表示资源”时常用复数形式1 esources,如?Protecting natural resources is
crucial for sustainable development.?(保护自然资源对可持续发展至关重要)
二、词汇巩固练习
(一)单项选择(10题)
1.We should take action to solveproblems like air pollution and deforestation.
A)environment
B)environmental
C)environmentally
D)environments
2.The factory was closed because it caused serious_to the river.
A)pollute
B)polluted
C)pollution
D)polluting
3.It's important for us topaper and plastic to reduce waste.
A)recycle
B)recycling
C)recyclable
D)recycled
4.Water is necessary in areas with little rainfall
A)conserve
B)conservation
C)conservative
D)conserving
5.Solar power is a type ofenergy that will never run out.
A)renew
B)renewable
C)non-renewable
D)renewing
6.has led to rising sea levels and extreme weather.
A)Global warming
B)Climate change
C)Emission
D)Reduction
7.Many countries are working together to cut down carbon-
A)emit
B)emission
C)emissions
D)emitting
8.We need a in the use of plastic bags to protect the environment.
A)reduce
B)reduction
C)reducing
D)reduced
9.Natural such as coal and oil should be used wisely.
A)resource
B)resources
C)resourceful
D)resourcing
10.Using public transport is anfriendly way to travel.
A)environment
B)environmental
C)environmentally
D)environments
(二)根据提示补全句子(8题)
1.We must pay attention to(environment)protection in daily life.
2.The river was(pollute)by the nearby factory.
3.(recycle)waste paper can save many trees.
4.The government has made laws on the(conserve)of wildlife
5.Wind and solar energy are_(renew)resources.
6.(globe)warming is a serious threat to our planet.
7.The company promised a 30%-(reduce)in carbon emissions
8.We should use_(environment)friendly products to protect nature.
(三)首字母填空(10题)
1.Riding a bike is an e friendly way to go to school.
2.The main cause of apollution is car exhaust.
3.We can rplastic bottles and use them to make new things.
4.The conservation of natural r is important for future generations.
5.C_change has caused many animals to lose their homes.
6.Using solar panels helps reduce carbon e.
7.Water c is necessary in dry seasons
8.The government is trying to achieve a r in waste production.
9.R energy like wind power is clean and sustainable.
10.We should avoid using non-recyclable materials to reduce p_
(四)答案与解析
1.单项选择答案:B C A BB A C BB C
解析1(第1题):
考查environmental的用法。environmental problems表示”环境问题”,符合句意”我们应
该采取行动解决空气污染和森林砍伐等环境问题?”;environment是名词,environmentally
是副词,environments是复数形式,均不符合语法要求,故选B。
解析2(第2题):
考查pollution的用法。cause serious pollution表示”造成严重污染,符合句意”这家工
厂因对河流造成严重污染而被关闭”;pollute是动词,polluted是形容词,polluting是现
在分词,均不符合语法要求,故选C。
解析3(第3题):
考查recycle的用法。to recycle paper and plastic是不定式作宾语,符合句意”回收纸张
和塑料以减少浪费对我们很重要”;recycling是动名词,recyclable是形容词,recycled
是过去分词,均不符合语法要求,故选A。
2.补全句子答案:
1.environmental 2.polluted 3.Recycling 4.conservation 5.renewable 6.Global 7.reduc-
tion 8.environmentally
3.首字母填空答案:
1.environmentally 2.air 3.recycle 4.resources 5.Climate 6.emissions 7.conservation 8.
reduction 9.Renewable 10.pollution
英语词汇复习手册·必修第二册·Unit6 A Greener Earth-Reading Acively