Unit 1 Plants-Reading Further-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第二册（重庆大学版）

高中重庆大学版 【选择性必修第二册】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 植物专题 【Unit 1】Plants-Reading Further 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 dusy/'dAsti/ad.布满灰尘的 trap /trap/n.~.陷阱；困住 的 dust/dhst/n.~.灰尘：拂去灰尘sticky/'strki/adj.粘的：粘性的drown/dran/v.淹死；淹没 hanging/'he四/adj.m.悬挂的；unable/n'eib/adj.不能的；无f1oat/flaut/v.m.漂浮：浮体 悬挂物 法的 waste /weist/v.n./adj.浪费；废 growth/gra0/n.生长：发展 able/'erbl/adj.能够的：有能力弃物：废弃的 词义辨析及同义替换 1.dusty/'dAsti/adj.布满灰尘的 词义辨析： dusty:仅用于形容物体表面“布满灰尘的”，强调状态。 dity:含义更广，可指“脏的、不洁净的”，原因不限于灰尘。 同义替换： dust-covered,grimy 例句： The old books on the shelf were dusty after years of neglect. 2.dust/dnst/n./N.灰尘；拂去灰尘 词义辨析： dust作名词：指“灰尘”，不可数，如the dust on the desk。 dit作名词：指“泥土、污垢”，范围更广，如wipe the dirt off your shoes。 同义替换： clean,wipe 例句： She used a cloth to dust the furniture before the guests arrived. 3.growth/qθ/n.生长：发展 高中重庆大学版 【选择性必修第二册】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： growth:侧重“自然生长或抽象发展过程”，如植物生长、经济增长。 development::侧重“有计划的开发或进步”，如城市发展、技能培养。 同义替换： development,expansion 例句： The growth of online shopping has changed people's lifestyles greatly 4.trap /traep/n./w.陷阱；困住 词义辨析： trap作动词：强调“使陷入困境无法逃脱”，如trapped in the elevator。 catch:侧重“抓住、捕获”，对象多为具体事物，如catch a ball。 同义替换： catch,ensnare 例句： He was trapped in the heavy rain and had to wait for help 5.sticky/'stiki/adj.粘的：粘性的 词义辨析： sticky:指“表面有粘性的”，如sticky tape,sticky rice。 adhesive:作形容词时侧重“可粘贴的”，如adhesive paper(胶纸)，更正式。 同义替换： tacky,gluey 例句： Be careful!The floor is sticky because of the spilled juice. 6.unable/n'ebl/adj.不能的：无法的 词义辨析： unable:后接不定式todo,强调“因能力或条件不足而不能”，如unable to swim。 incapables:后接of+doing,语气更强，指“完全无能力”，如incapable of understanding 同义替换： incapable,powerless 例句： She was unable to attend the meeting due to illness. 7.able/ebl/adj.能够的：有能力的 词义辨析： able:侧重“具备做某事的能力”，后接不定式，如able to speak English: capable::后接of+doing,强调“有潜在能力”，如capable of solving problems。 2 高中重庆大学版 【选择性必修第二册】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： capable,competent 例句： Only able students can join the school's science club. 8.drown/dra5n/V.淹死：淹没 词义辨析： dowm:侧重“溺水死亡”或“被液体淹没”，如drown in the river。 flood:指“（洪水）淹没”，主语多为水，如The village was flooded。. 同义替换： submerge,overwhelm 例句： The little girl nearly drowned when she fell into the pool 9.f1oat/flat/v.h.漂浮：浮体 词义辨析： float:指“在液体或空气中漂浮”，强调状态，如wood floats on water。. drift:侧重“随水流或气流漂移”，如a boat drifting downstream。 同义替换： drift,hover 例句： Colorful balloons floated in the sky during the festival l0.waste/weist/v.n./adj.浪费；废弃物：废弃的 词义辨析： waste作动词：侧重“浪费资源、时间”，如waste money on toys。 squander:语气更强，指“挥霍无度”，如squander inherited wealth。 同义替换： squander,misuse 例句： Don't waste time playing games all day,you should study hard. 综合演练 3 高中重庆大学版 【选择性必修第二册】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The old desk in the corner looks because no one has cleaned it for months. A.dusty B.dirty C.sticky 2.After the storm,many cars were_in the flooded street and couldn't move. A.caught B.trapped C.drowned 3.Theof the plant is very fast in the warm spring weather. A.development B.growth C.expansion 4.She was_to finish the project on time because she had too much work. A.unable B.incapable C.powerless 5.Wood can_on water,while stones will sink immediately. A.float B.drift C.hover 6.Don'tyour money on unnecessary things,save it for your education A.squander B.misuse C.waste 7.Theon the bookshelf made the room look untidy,so I decided to clean it. A.dirt B.dust C.waste 8.He is of solving difficult math problems quickly A.able B.capable C.competent 4 高中重庆大学版 【选择性必修第二册】词义辨析及同义替换精讲 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The floor is(because my little brother spilled juice on it. 2.We should protect the environment and reduce the amount of(we produce. 3.The()of the tree was affected by the lack of sunlight 4.She used a cloth to_(拂去灰尘)the table before setting the dishes.. 5.He was()in the elevator for half an hour yesterday. 6.The()in the old house made her sneeze a lot. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The little girl is(able)to ride a bike yet;she needs more practice. 2.He_(dust)the bookshelf every weekend to keep it clean 3.The company's_(grow)in the past five years has been remarkable. 4.Don't touch the wet paint-it's still(stick) 5.She felt_(drown)in work and had no time for her family. 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.由于大雨，他们被困在了山里。 They_in the mountains because of the heavy rain 2.这台机器不能再工作了，我们需要买一台新的。 This old machine is_work anymore;we need to buy a new one. 3.孩子们喜欢在节日里放彩色气球，看它们飘向天空。 Children like to release colorful balloons on festivals and watch them_the sky. 4.不要浪费时间玩电脑游戏，你应该努力学习。 Don't. computer games;you should study hard. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 5 高中重庆大学版 【选择性必修第二册】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 Last weekend,I visited my grandparents'old house.The furniture was covered in_(1)(dust/dirty) because it hadn't been cleaned for a long time.My grandma asked me to help(2)(dust/clean)the living room.While I was wiping the table,I noticed a(3)(sticky/stuck)note on the wall with a phone number. After cleaning,we sat in the yard and talked about the(4)(growth/development)of the village. Grandma said many young people had left to work in cities,so the population was decreasing.Sud- denly,it started to rain heavily.We were(5)(trapped/catched)in the yard and had to run inside quickly. On the way back home,I thought about how time flies.The old house may be old and_(6) (dusty/dirt),but it holds many happy memories.I decided to visit more often to help my grandparents and create new memories with them. 参考答案 I单项选择 1.A2B 3B4.A5.A6.C7.B8B Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.sticky 2.waste 3.growth 4.dust 5.trapped 6.dust ⅡI.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.unable 2.dusts 3.growth 4.sticky 5.drowned V.完成句子 1.were trapped 2.unable to 3.float in 4.waste time playing V.语篇填空 1.dust 2.dust 3.sticky 4.growth 5.trapped 6.dusty 6