Unit 3 Festivals and Traditions - Reading Actively-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第一册（重庆大学版）

高中选择性必修第一册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 寒假专版 【Unit3】Festivals and Traditions- Reading acively 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 correspond/,kDr3'spond/v.符master/'ma:sta)/n.主人：大remembrance'membrans/n. 合：相一致；通信；相当于 师；硕士；能手；V精通；掌握：纪念：回忆；纪念品 official/f/adj.官方的：正式控制；adj.熟练的；主要的 ancestor/'ensesta()/n.祖先；祖 的：公务的；n.官员：公务员reward /r'w:d/n.奖励：回报：宗：先驱 disturbance/d'st3bnsn.扰乱；报酬；赏金；V.奖励：奖赏；给anniversary/,enr'v3sari/n.周 打扰：骚乱；困扰 以报酬 年纪念日：周年纪念 disturb/d'st3b/V.打扰；干扰；sacrifice/'saekrfars/n.牺牲；祭nearby /.nis'ba/adj.附近的；邻 妨碍：使不安 品；奉献：v.牺牲；献出：供奉近的：adv.在附近；不远 faithful/'ferθfl/adj.忠实的；忠heartbroken/'ha:tb raukan/adj.establishment/T'staeblIfmant/.n. 诚的：守信的：如实的 心碎的：极度伤心的 建立：设立；机构：企业：当权 follower/'fplava()/n.追随者；devote/d'vat/v.致力于：献身派 信徒；拥护者 于：专心于 classification /klasifr'keifn/n. hardship/hadp/n.艰难；困give loyalty表示忠诚：效忠 分类：归类；分级：类别 苦：苦难 dynasty/dmasti/n.王朝：朝代 词义辨析及同义替换 1.disturb/d'st3b/v.打扰：千扰：妨碍：使不安 词义辨析： disb:强调“扰乱、妨碍”，可指打扰他人的正常活动或使人心绪不宁，及物动词，直接接宾 语（人/事物）。 disturbance: 是disturb的名词形式，指“扰乱、骚乱”，侧重具体的扰乱行为或事件。 同义替换： interrupt,bother 例句： 高中选择性必修第一册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 Please don't disturb me while I'm studying 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习） The loud noise from the construction site caused a great_to the nearby residents. A.disturb B.disturbance C.trouble (答案：B) 2.master /'ma:sta(r)/n.主人：大师：硕士；能手；V.精通；掌握；控制 词义辨析： master(v.):侧重“精通、掌握（技能/知识）”，语气较强，指达到熟练运用的程度。 devote(v.):意为“致力于、献身于”，搭配devote.to,强调专注投入某事业或目标。 同义替换： master→grasp,command;devote→dedicate 例句： She spent three years mastering the art of painting 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册单元检测） He himself to scientific research and made great achievements. A.mastered B.devoted C.rewarded (答案：B) 3.reward /r'wo:dn.奖励；回报；报酬：V.奖励：奖赏 词义辨析： reward:指因付出努力、提供帮助或完成任务而获得的“奖励、报酬”，可作名词或动词，搭配 reward sb.for sth.. sacrifice(n.W.):意为“牺牲”，侧重为某种目的放弃利益或生命，与reward意义相反。 同义替换： award,prize 例句： The company rewarded her with a trip to Europe for her excellent performance. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册周练卷） Volunteers do the job without expecting any;they just want to help others. A.reward B.sacrifice C.hardship (答案：A) 4.faithful/feIf/adj.忠实的：忠诚的；守信的 词义辨析： faithful:侧重“对人/信仰忠诚、信守承诺”，形容人可靠、始终如一，搭配be faithful to。 loyal:与faithful近义，强调“对组织、国家或上级的忠诚”，语气更正式，搭配be loyal to。 同义替换： loyal,devoted 例句： The dog remained faithful to its owner even after his death. 2 高中选择性必修第一册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习） A friend will always stand by you when you are in trouble. A.faithful B.nearby C.official (答案：A) 5.remembrance/rI'membrans/n.纪念：回忆：纪念品 词义辨析： remembrance:指“对过去的回忆、纪念活动或纪念品”，侧重情感上的怀念，为名词。 memory(n.):含义更广，可指“记忆力、回忆”，泛指大脑中存储的印象，普通用词。 同义替换： memory,souvenir 例句： We held a ceremony in remembrance of the heroes who died in the war. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册单元检测) The old photo brought back many sweet_of my childhood. A.remembrances B.ancestors C.anniversaries(答案：A) 6.nearby/na'ba/adj.附近的；邻近的；adv.在附近 词义辨析： nearby(adj.):作定语时可前置或后置，意为“附近的”，形容空间上的近距离。 near(adj./adv.):与nearby近义，但更强调“距离近”，可指时间或空间，如a near village,sit near Ime。 同义替换： close,adjacent 例句： There is a supermarket nearby,so it's convenient to buy daily necessities 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习） We decided to have a picnic in thepark instead of going far away. A.nearby B.faithful C.heartbroken (答案：A) 7.official/af/adj.官方的：正式的：n.官员 词义辨析： official(adj.):指“官方的、正式的”，强调权威性或符合规定，反义词为unofficial。 formal(adj):侧重“形式上的、礼仪上的”，形容场合或行为庄重规范，反义词为informal。 同义替换： authoritative,formal 例句： The government released an official statement about the new policy. 3 高中选择性必修第一册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册月考卷） The meeting will be held in a(n)room,so please dress properly. A.official B.formal C.nearby (答案：B) 8.ancestor/'ensesta()/n.祖先：祖宗：先驱 词义辨析： ancestor:指“家族中的祖先、祖宗”，强调血缘关系上的前辈。 forefather(n.):与ancestor近义，但更书面化，可指“先驱、创始人”。 同义替换： forefather,predecessor 例句： People in this village still honor their ancestors through traditional rituals 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册单元检测) The museum displays artifacts left by our to show the history of the region A.ancestors B.followers C.masters （答案：A) 9.establish /I'staeblif/v.建立；设立 词义辨析： establishment(n.):指“建立、机构”，是动词establish的名词形式，如the establishment of a school。 found(v.):与establish近义，侧重“创建（组织/国家）”，强调打下基础，如found a company。 同义替换： foundation,institution 例句： The establishment of the new hospital improved medical services in the area. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习） The university,_in 1911,has a history of over 100 years. A.established B.classified C.corresponded(答案：A) l0.classification/,klaesifi'ken/n.分类；归类：类别 词义辨析： classification:指“将事物按规则分类的过程或结果”，为名词，强调系统性。 classify(v.):是classification的动词形式，意为“分类、归类”，搭配classify..into.。 同义替换： categorization,grouping 例句： The classification of plants is based on their genetic characteristics. 4 高中选择性必修第一册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册单元检测） The librarian spent a week the books into different subjects. A.classifying B.establishing C.disturbing(答案：A) 11.dynasty/dmasti/n.王朝：朝代 词义辨析： dynasty:指“历史上的王朝、朝代”，如the Ming Dynasty,专指政权统治时期。 kingdom(n.):意为“王国”，指由国王统治的国家，范围更广。 同义替换： reign,royal family 例句： The Tang Dynasty was a period of great prosperity in Chinese history. 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册阅读拓展) Many cultural relics from the Song_were discovered in this ancient tomb. A.Dynasty B.anniversary C.remembrance （答案：A) 12.anniversary/er'v3:sari/n.周年纪念日 词义辨析： anniversary:指“（事件）周年纪念日”，如wedding anniversary,强调每年的特定日期。 celebration(n.):意为“庆祝活动”，泛指各种庆祝行为，不局限于周年。 同义替换： commemoration,yearly date 例句： We held a party to celebrate our school's 50th anniversary 真题链接：（重庆大学版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习） Tomorrow is the_of the founding of our city,there will be a big parade. A.anniversary B.remembrance C.ancestor（答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、单项选择 1.The sudden noise in the library many students who were reading quietly. A.disturb B.disturbance C.interrupted 5 高中选择性必修第一册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 2.To become a good pianist,one needs years of practice tothe skill. A.master B.devote C.reward 3.She received a gold medal as a for her outstanding contributions to science. A.reward B.sacrifice C.hardship 4.The dog has been to its owner since it was adopted five years ago. A.faithful B.nearby C.official 5.This old photo brings back many warm_of my childhood in the countryside A.remembrances B.ancestors C.anniversaries 6.There is a small supermarket my home,so I can buy groceries easily A.nearby B.faithful C.heartbroken 7.The president will give anspeech on national television tonight A.official B.formal C.nearby 8.Archaeologists found tools and pottery made by our_in this ancient cave. A.ancestors B.followers C.masters 9.The new library,in 2020,has become a popular place for students to study. A.established B.classified C.disturbed 10.It took the scientists three months to the collected data into different categories. A.classifying B.establish C.disturb 6 高中选择性必修第一册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.The Tang D_is known as the "Golden Age"of Chinese poetry. 2.We will hold a big party to celebrate our school's 100th a next month 3.The police are investigating the dcaused by the protesters in the street. 4.She has been working hard to m English before studying abroad. 5.The company offers a goodr for employees who suggest useful improvements. 6.As a f friend,she never breaks her promises to others. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The teacher asked us not to _(disturbance)the class during the exam. 2.He(devote)himself to teaching for over 30 years and won many awards. 3.The museum has a special exhibition in(remember)of the famous artist. 4.The books in the library are(classification)by subject and author. 5.Many cultural relics from the Ming-(dynasty)were stolen during the war. 6.The volunteers work without expecting any_(rewarding). 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.我们每年都会举行仪式纪念那些为国家牺牲的英雄。 We hold a ceremony every year_ the heroes who sacrificed for the country. 2.他因为在项目中的出色表现被公司奖励了一辆新车。 The company _a new car for his excellent performance in the project. 3.这家图书馆建于1950年，收藏了超过50万本书籍。 The library,_1950,has a collection of over 500,000 books. 4.她花了整整一周时间将这些文件分类整理。 She spent a whole week_into different folders. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 1 高中选择性必修第一册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 Last year,I visited the Palace Museum in Beijing,which was the imperial palace of the Ming and Qing (1)(dynasty).The guide told us that many(2)(ancestor)of the royal family lived here for centuries.During the tour,I saw a special exhibition in (3)(remember)of Emperor Kangxi, showing his personal items and letters. The museum staff were very(4)(faithfully)to their work,carefully explaining the history behind each artifact.One guide mentioned that the palace was(5)(establish)in 1406 and took 14 years to build.All the artifacts are (6)(classify)into different periods to help visitors understand the development of Chinese history. Before leaving,I bought a small souvenir as a(7)(remembrance)of this trip.It made me realize how important it is to protect our cultural heritage for future generations. 参考答案 单项选择 1.A2.A3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.Dynasty 2.anniversary 3.disturbance 4.master 5.reward 6.faithful ⅡL.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.disturb 2.has devoted 3remembrance 4.classified 5.Dynasty 6.reward V.完成句子 1.in remembrance of 2.rewarded him with 3.established in 4.classifying the documents V.语篇填空 1.dynasties 2.ancestors 3.remembrance 4.faithful 5.established 6.classified 7.remem- brance P