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高中译林版
【选择性必修第三册】
Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲
核心词汇
【Unit2】Out of this world
词义辨析及同义替换精讲
本单元核心词汇
一、全部单元单词
telescope/'teliskaup/n.望远镜
plain to see显而易见的
calculate/'kaelkjulert/t.计算,
universe /'ju:nrv3s/n.(he uni-foundatio/faon'deIn/n.基础,核算;预测
verse)宇宙,天地万物
根据;地基;创办:基金会;lay coverage'kAvarid/n.新闻报
crucial/'ku:/adj.至关重要的,the foundation for为.打下基础道;覆盖范围:信息范围
关键性的
purse /p3sn.资金,财源;钱包mechanic/ma'kank/n.机械师,
orbit /':bIt/t.&i.围绕.运tale /terl/n.故事:讲述,叙述
技工
动,沿轨道运行;n.(天体等运origin/'oId3/n.起源,起因:assistant/a'sistant/n.助理:售货
行的轨道
出身
员;助教;adj助理的,副的
astronomer/a'stronama(r)/n.天shuttle/∫tl/n.航天飞机;来往incredibly/m'kredabli/adv.极
文学家
于两地之间的航班(或班车、火其,极端地:令人难以置信
merely/misli/adv.仅仅,只不车):vi.频繁往来(于两地之间)dust/dst/n.沙土,尘土;灰尘,
过
frequency/'fri:kwansi//n.发生尘埃
administration /admmI'strerfn/率,出现率;频繁;频率
shelter'elta)/n.居所,住处:
n.行政部门;管理,行政
hydrogen/haidrad3an/n.氢,氢庇护;t.保护,掩蔽:vi.躲避
agency/'eId3ansi/n.机构;代理气
constant/'kpnstant/adj.固定的,
处
rocket.'rokt/n.火箭:火箭武器不变的:连续发生的,重复的
comprise/kam'praz/t.包括,包motive/'mautrv/n.原因,动机,nuclear/'nju:klia(r)/ad.核能的
含:组成,构成
目的
原子能的:核武器的
scan/sken/t.&vi.扫描,细看;investment/m'vestmant/.n.投资:
浏览:n.扫描检查;快速查阅
投入
词义辨析及同义替换
1.
crucial/'ku:/adj.至关重要的,关键性的
词义辨析:
crucial::强调事物对整体结果或进程起决定性作用,语气较强,常与介词to搭配。
important::普通用词,侧重指有重大价值、意义或影响的,使用范围广。
同义替换:
高中译林版
【选择性必修第三册】
Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲
vital,critical
例句:
Water is crucial to the survival of all living things.
真题链接:(译林版高中选择性必修第三册同步练习)
The new technology will play a_role in solving the environmental problem
A.crucial B.ordinary
C.minor
(答案:A)
2.merely/'miali/adv.仅仅,只不过
词义辨析:
merely:强调”仅仅、只不过”,语气比only更正式,常用来弱化事物的重要性。
oly:普通用词,侧重”唯一、仅有”,可修饰名词、动词等,位置较灵活。
同义替换:
only,just,simply
例句:
He is not merely a teacher but also a friend to us
真题链接:(译林版高中选择性必修第三册单元检测)
It took
three days to finish the task,which surprised everyone.
A.merely B.mainly C.nearly
(答案:A)
3.comprise /kam'praiz/vt.包括,包含;组成,构成
词义辨析:
comprise:指整体由部分组成,不用于被动语态,常用结构'整体comprise部分”或”部分comprise
整体”。
include::普通用词,指整体包含部分,侧重包含在内”,常用结构'整体include部分”,可用于
被动语态。
同义替换:
include,consist of,be made up of
例句:
Our school comprises 20 classes and over 1,000 students.
真题链接:(译林版高中选择性必修第三册专项练习)
The team
five doctors and ten nurses will set off for the disaster area tomorrow.
A.comprising
B.including of C.made up(答案:A)
4.foundation /faon'den/n.基础,根据:地基;创办:基金会
词义辨析:
foundation:侧重指抽象的”基础、根基”,如理论、事业的基础,也可指具体的”地基”或”基金
会”。
base:指具体的”基础、底座”,或抽象的”起点、基地”,如军事基地、论点的根据。
高中译林版
【选择性必修第三册】
Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲
同义替换:
basis,groundwork
例句:
Hard work is the foundation of success.
真题链接:(译林版高中选择性必修第三册期中复习题)
The research laid a solid
for the development of new medicine.
A.foundation B.basement C.ground
(答案:A)
5.motive/'matv/n.原因,动机,目的
词义辨析:
motive:指促使某人做某事的”动机、动因”,侧重内在的心理因素。
reason:普通用词,指解释某事发生的'原因、理由”,可用于回答why的问题。
同义替换:
motivation,cause,purpose
例句:
What was his motive for changing his job?
真题链接:(译林版高中选择性必修第三册同步练习)
The police are trying to find out the
behind the accident.
A.motive B.reason C.result
(答案:B)
6.investment/m'vestmant//n.投资;投入
词义辨析:
investment:指'投资”(金钱、时间、精力等),强调为获得回报而投入。
input:侧重指”输入、投入”(信息、资源等),不一定强调回报。
同义替换:
input,contribution
例句:
Education is a wise investment for the future
真题链接:(译林版高中选择性必修第三册单元检测)
The government has increased
in renewable energy projects this year.
A.investment
B.income
C.expense
(答案:A)
7.calculate'kaelkjulert/t.计算,核算;预测
词义辨析:
calculate:指通过数学运算”计算、核算”,或基于已知信息”预测、估计”。
compute:与calculate含义相近,但更强调用计算机或数学方法进行复杂计算,书面语用词。
同义替换:
compute,figure out,estimate
高中译林版
【选择性必修第三册】
Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲
例句:
We need to calculate the cost before starting the project.
真题链接:(译林版高中选择性必修第三册专项练习)
The scientists
that the earthquake would happen in the area.
A.calculated B.counted C.measured(答案:A)
8.constant/'kDnstant/adj.固定的,不变的:连续发生的,重复的
词义辨析:
constant:指”不断的、持续的”,强调频率高、没有间断,也可指”固定的、不变的”。
continual:指”频繁的、一再重复的',中间可能有短暂间隔,常含令人厌烦之意。
同义替换:
continuous,unchanging,frequent
例句:
The constant rain made us stay indoors all weekend.
真题链接:(译林版高中选择性必修第三册期末复习题)
She has kept up her
efforts to improve her English
A.constant
B.occasional C.sudden(答案:A)
9.administration/ed mii'strerfn/n.行政部门;管理,行政
词义辨析:
administration:侧重指”行政管理?或'行政部门”,尤指政府机构或大型组织的管理部门
management::指对企业、团队等的’管理、经营”,侧重具体的管理过程和方法。
同义替换:
management,governance
例句:
The school administration is responsible for making rules and regulations
真题链接:(译林版高中选择性必修第三册同步练习)
The company's
has been praised for its efficient operation.
A.administration B.management C.organization
(答案:B)
l0.agency/'eId3nsi/n.机构;代理处
词义辨析:
agency:指”代理处、机构”,尤指提供特定服务的机构,如旅行社、代理机构。
organization:普通用词,指”组织、机构”,范围更广,可指任何有组织的团体,如政府组织、非
营利组织。
同义替换:
organization,office,bureau
例句:
We booked the flight through a travel agency
高中译林版
【选择性必修第三册】
Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲
真题链接:
(译林版高中选择性必修第三册单元检测)
This charity
has helped thousands of poor children around the world.
A.agency
B.organization C.company
(答案:B)
11.coverage/'KAvarid3yn.新闻报道:覆盖范围:信息范围
词义辨析:
coverage:指新闻媒体对某事件的'报道”,或某物的”覆盖范围”,如保险覆盖范围、信号覆盖范
围。
Ipot:指具体的”报道、报告”,可作名词或动词,侧重对事件的详细叙述。
同义替换:
reportage,reporting,scope
例句:
The media gave extensive coverage to the Olympic Games.
真题链接:(译林版高中选择性必修第三册专项练习)
The
of the new policy will be explained in detail at the meeting tomorrow.
A.coverage
B.content C.purpose
(答案:A)
l2.incredibly/m'kredabli/adv.极其,极端地;令人难以置信
词义辨析:
incredibly:强调’极其、非常”,语气较强,也可表示令人难以置信地”。
extremely:普通用词,指”极其、非常”,程度副词,修饰形容词或副词。
同义替换:
extremely,amazingly,unbelievably
例句:
The movie was incredibly interesting and we all loved it.
真题链接:(译林版高中选择性必修第三册同步练习)
It's
_hot today.You'd better stay at home.
A.incredibly B.slightly C.hardly(答案:A)
l3.shelter/∫elta(r)/n.居所,住处;庇护;t.保护,掩蔽;vi.躲避
词义辨析:
shelter:指临时的”居所、庇护处”,或”庇护、躲避”的行为,强调提供保护免受危险或恶劣环
境的伤害。
house:指固定的'房屋、住宅”,是人们长期居住的地方。
同义替换:
refuge,protection,house
例句:
The local government provided shelter for the homeless after the flood.
高中译林版
【选择性必修第三册】
Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲
真题链接:(译林版高中选择性必修第三册期末检测)
We took
from the rain under a big tree
A.shelter
B.house
C.cover
(答案:A)
综合演练
综合练习
一、
单项选择
1.The success of the project is
to the team's cooperation and hard work.
A.crucial
B.important
C.ordinary
2.She is not
a student but also a part-time volunteer in the community.
A.merely
B.only
C.mainly
3.The United Kingdom
four countries:England Scotland,Wales,and Northern Ireland.
A.comprises
B.includes
C.consists
4.A good education provides a solid
for a person's future development.
A.foundation
B.base
C.basement
5.The police are still investigating the
behind the theft.
A.motive
B.reason
C.cause
6.The government plans to increasein green technology to reduce carbon emissions.
A.investment
B.input
C.expense
7.The scientists
that the temperature will rise by 2C over the next decade
A.calculated
6
高中译林版
【选择性必修第三册】
Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲
B.computed
C.counted
8.The
noise from the construction site made it hard for us to focus on work.
A.constant
B.continual
C.occasional
9.The company's
has improved efficiency by implementing new management strategies
A.administration
B.management
C.organization
10.The local
provides emergency shelter for homeless people during winter.
A.agency
B.organization
C.shelter
二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1.Water is
(至关重要的)to the survival of all living things.
2.He spent
(仅仅)half an hour finishing the task
3.The team
(包括)five experts from different fields.
4.Hard work is the
(基础)of success.
5.What was his
(动机)for making such a decision?
6.Education is a wise
(投资)for the future
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.
The new policy will have a(crucial)impact on environmental protection.
2.She
(merely)mentioned the issue but didn't give details
3.Our school
(comprise)30 classes and over 1,500 students.
4.The research laid a solid
(foundation)for further studies.
5.The police are trying to find out the
(motive)behind the accident.
四、完成句子(每空一词)
高中译林版
【选择性必修第三册】
Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲
1.新技术将在解决环境问题中发挥至关重要的作用。
The new technology will play a
in solving the environmental problem
2.他不仅仅是一位老师,还是我们的朋友。
He is
a teacher but also a friend to us.
3.这座城市由三个主要区域组成。
The city
three main districts.
4.这项研究为新药的开发奠定了坚实的基础。
The research laid a
for the development of new medicine.
五、语篇填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连
贯。
The environment is
(1)(crucial/important)to human survival.However,many people still
don't realize its significance.Some factories(2)(merely/only)care about profits and ignore
pollution.The government has increased(3)(investment/input)in environmental protection
and set up an
(4)(agency/organization)to monitor pollution.Scientists have
(5)(cal-
culated computed)that if we don't take action now,the situation will become worse.We must take
(6)(constant/continual)efforts to protect our home.
参考答案
I.单项选择
1.A2.A3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.B10B
Ⅱ根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1.crucial 2.merely
3.comprises
4.foundation 5.motive
6.investment
L.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.crucial
2.merely
3.comprises
4.foundation 5.motive
V完成句子
1.crucial role
2.not merely
3.comprises of 4.solid foundation
V.语篇填空
1.crucial
2.merely 3.investment 4.organization 5.calculated
6.constant
P