Unit 2 Out of this world一-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第三册（译林版）

高中译林版 【选择性必修第三册】 Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲 Unit 2 【Unit2】Out of this world 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 astronaut/'aestran:t/n.宇航员，物：人 趣（或享受）：奢侈品 航天员 mosquito /m3'skita/n.(pl.tube/tju:b/n.管，管子；软管 gravity/'graevati/n.重力：严重mosquitoes or mosquitos))蚊子furthermore/'f3:dm:)/adv 性：严肃 microscope/'makr3 skaup/n.显此外，再者 absence/'ebsans/n.缺乏，不存微镜 pipl/n.药，药丸 在：缺席 cast new light on使进一步了解ital/'vat/adj.必不可少的，对 f1 oat /flaot/vi.飘动，漂流，浮；… …极重要的：维持生命所必需的 t.使浮动，使漂流 maintenance/'memntanans/n.维discipline/'disaplm/t.严格要 cupboard/kAbad/n.壁橱：橱护，保养；维持，保持 求（自己）：惩罚：训练：n.训练， 柜，衣柜 circumstance/'s3 kamstans/n.纪律；行为准则：自制力 ceiling/'si:l/n.天花板；上限条件，状况；(circumstances)境leisure/le3a)/n.闲暇，空闲 bother/bp)/t.使烦恼，使况，（尤指）经济状况：in the cir-crew /kru:/n.全体工作人员：全 担心：花费时间精力（做某事）：cumstances在这种情况下，既然体乘务人员，全体船员：专业团 打扰：vi花费时间精力（做某如此 队 事)：n.麻烦，困难 exposure/k'spaU3s(t)/n.面临，permanent'p3:mn3nt/adj.永 occupy/Dkjupar/t.占用，使用；遭受；揭露；报道 久的，永恒的 居住：占领，侵占；使忙于 radiation/,rerdi'eun/n.辐射，放altogether/.3:lt3'geoa()r/adv.完 mission/'mun/n.任务，使命，天射线 全：总共：总之 职：军事行动：太空飞行任务visible/'vIzabl/adj.看得见的：明kit /kt/n.成套设备，成套工具： evaluate.'vaeljuert/t.评估，估显的 配套元件 计，评价 in view of鉴于，考虑到 creature/'kri:ta(/n.动物，生luxury/'LAkfari/n.不常有的乐 词义辨析及同义替换 1.ital/'vatl/adj.必不可少的，对…极重要的；维持生命所必需的 词义辨析： vital:强调对事物的存在、功能或成功“至关重要、不可或缺”，语气较强，常搭配介词to,如 高中译林版 【选择性必修第三册】 Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲 be vital to sth. important::含义较广，泛指“重要的”，可用于描述人、事物或观点的重要性，程度弱于vital。 同义替换： crucial,essential 例句： Water and air are vital to human survival. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第三册同步练习） Regular exercise is to maintaining good health A.vital B.possible C.similar (答案：A) 2.occupy/Dkjupar/t.占用，使用：居住；占领，侵占：使忙于 词义辨析： occupy:侧重“占用时间、空间”或“使某人忙于某事”，常用搭配occupy oneself with sth.或be occupied with sth.。 take up:也可表示“占用（时间、空间）”，但更口语化，还可指“开始从事（爱好、职业）”。 同义替换： take up,engage 例句： He occupies most of his free time with reading. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第三册单元检测） The new library will an area of 2,000 square meters. A.occupy B.cover C.include (答案：A) 3.visible/'vzbl/adj.看得见的：明显的 词义辨析： visible:指“肉眼可见的”或“明显的、易察觉的”，反义词为invisible. obvious::侧重“显而易见的、一目了然的”，指事情或道理非常明显，无需解释。 同义替换： apparent,obvious 例句： The stars are visible on a clear night 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第三册期中测试） The damage to the car waseven from a distance. A.visible B.possible C.necessary (答案：A) 4.furthermore/'f3:ǒmo:r)/adv.此外，再者 词义辨析： furthermore:正式用语，用于补充说明观点，强调递进关系，通常位于句首。 besides:可用于句中或句首，指“除…之外（还有）”，既可补充信息，也可表示附加理由。 高中译林版 【选择性必修第三册】 Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： moreover,besides 例句： She is good at English;furthermore,she speaks French fluently. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第三册期末复习题） The company offers good salaries. it provides excellent benefits A.Furthermore B.However C.Instead (答案：A) 5.leisure/'le3a(r)/n.闲暇，空闲 词义辨析： leisure:指“闲暇时间”，强调“可自由支配的时间”，常用搭配at leisure(从容地)、leisure time。 free time:口语化表达，泛指“空闲时间”，使用范围更广。 同义替换： free time,spare time 例句： She enjoys reading in her leisure. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第三册同步练习） Students should make good use of their to relax. A.leisure B.energy C.money (答案：A) 6.discipline/disaplm/n.训练，纪律；行为准则：自制力&t.严格要求（自己）：惩罚：训练 词义辨析： discipline(n.):指“纪律、自制力”或“学科”，如military discipline(军事纪律)。 training(n.):侧重“技能、体能的训练”，如athlete training(运动员训练)。 同义替换： training,self-control 例句 It takes discipline to learn a new language 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第三册单元检测） The coach emphasized the importance ofin daily practice. A.discipline B.freedom C.humor (答案：A) 7.mission/'mu/n.任务，使命，天职；军事行动：太空飞行任务 词义辨析： mission:指“具有特定目标的任务”，尤指“重要使命、天职”或“太空任务”，如a space mission (太空任务)。 task:泛指“日常任务、工作”，侧重具体的“职责或分配的任务”，如daily tasks(日常任务)。 同义替换： task,assignment 高中译林版 【选择性必修第三册】 Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲 例句： The astronaut's mission is to collect samples from the moon. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第三册阅读拓展） The team successfully completed their _to rescue the trapped miners. A.mission B.hobby C.habit(答案：A) 8.evaluate/i'vaeljuert//t.评估，估计，评价 词义辨析： evaluate:强调“基于标准或证据进行专业、系统的评估”，如evaluate risks(评估风险)。 assess:含义与evaluate相近，侧重“判断事物的价值、性质或程度”，如assess the situation(评 估形势)。 同义替换： assess,judge 例句： Teachers need to evaluate students'performance regularly. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第三册期末测试） The experts will the effectiveness of the new policy next month. A.evaluate B.imagine C.describe(答案：A) 9.maintenance/'memntanans/n.维护，保养：维持，保持 词义辨析： maintenance: 指“对设备、建筑等的维护保养”或“对状态、关系的维持”，如car maintenance (汽车保养)。 preservation:侧重“保护、保存（自然、文化遗产等）”，强调防止损坏或变质，如the preservation of ancient buildings(古建筑的保护)。 同义替换： upkeep,preservation 例句： Regular maintenance is needed to keep the machine running. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第三册同步练习) The of public parks is the responsibility of the local government A.maintenance B.development C.introduction(答、：A) 10.in view of鉴于，考虑到 词义辨析： in view of:书面用语，指“鉴于某种情况而采取行动或得出结论”，后接名词或名词短语。 considering:可作介词或连词，口语化程度更高，后接名词、从句或动名词，如considering(that) she is new here(考虑到她是新来的)。 高中译林版 【选择性必修第三册】 Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： considering,given 例句： In view of the bad weather,the sports meeting was canceled. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第三册单元检测） his illness,he was allowed to take the exam later A.In view of B.Instead of C.Because of(答案：A) 11.bother/'bDǒa)/vt.使烦恼，使担心：花费时间精力（做某事）：打扰：vi.花费时间精力（做某事）： n.麻烦，困难 词义辨析： bother:侧重“因小事或无关紧要的事打扰他人”或“使某人感到轻微烦恼”，常用搭配bother sb.to do sth.bother with sth. trouble:语气较强，指“给某人带来麻烦或困难”，常用搭配trouble sb.for sth.或have trouble (in)doing sth.. 同义替换： trouble,disturb 例句： Don't bother to cook dinner-I'll eat out tonight 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第三册期中测试） I'm sorry to you,but could you tell me the way to the station? A.bother B.help C.follow (答案：A) 12.exposure/Ik'spaU3)/n.面临，遭受；揭露；报道 词义辨析： exposure:指“面临危险、风险或不良环境”，或“（媒体的）曝光、报道”，如exposure to radiation (接触辐射)。 exhibition:指“展览、展示”，侧重公开展出艺术品、物品等，如an art exhibition（艺术展)。 同义替换： exhibition,disclosure 例句： Long-term exposure to sunlight can damage the skin 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第三册阅读专项） The newspaper's_of the scandal led to a government investigation. A.exposure B.invention C.invitation(答案：A) l3.luxury/'lkri/n.不常有的乐趣（或享受）；奢侈品 词义辨析： luxury:指“奢侈品”或“难得的享受”，强调超出基本需求的舒适或奢华，如live in luxury(过 高中译林版 【选择性必修第三册】 Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲 奢华生活)。 comfort:侧重“舒适、安逸”，指能让人放松或减少疲劳的事物，如a life of comfort(舒适的生 活)。 同义替换： comfort,extravagance 例句： For many people,traveling abroad is a luxury. 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.A balanced diet is to maintaining good health. A.vital B.possible C.similar 2.The new shopping mall will an area of 5,000 square meters A.occupy B.cover C.include 3.The stars are only on clear nights A.visible B.obvious C.apparent 4.She speaks English fluently; _she is learning Japanese now. A.furthermore B.besides C.however 5.Students should make full use of their to develop hobbies. A.leisure B.energy C.money 6.The coach stressed the importance of in team training. A.discipline 6 高中译林版 【选择性必修第三册】 Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲 B.freedom C.humor 7.The astronaut successfully completed his to repair the space station A.mission B.task C.assignment 8.Experts will the effectiveness of the new policy next month. A.evaluate B.assess C.judge 9.The local government is responsible for the of historical buildings. A.maintenance B.preservation C.upkeep 10. the heavy rain,the outdoor activity was canceled. A.In view of B.Considering C.Because of 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.Regular exercise is v to keeping fit. 2.The old factory o most of the land in this area. 3.The damage to the building was veven from far away. 4.He is good at math;f,he won a prize in the national competition. 5.Reading is a popular activity in people's1 time. 6.Military d requires strict obedience to rules. 7.The team's m is to find a cure for the disease 8.The teacher will e our performance based on daily homework and exams. 9.Car m is necessary to ensure safe driving. 10.I of his poor health,he was allowed to work from home. 7 高中译林版 【选择性必修第三册】 Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.Water is (vital)to all living things. 2.He (occupy)himself with reading every evening. 3.The mountain tops are (visible)on sunny days. 4.She is kind; (furthermore),she is always ready to help others. 5.Many people enjoy traveling in their(leisure). 6.Learning a musical instrument requires (discipline) 7.The doctor's(mission)is to save lives. 8.We needto (evaluate)the project before making a decision. 9.The park needs regular (maintenance)to stay clean 10. (in view of)his age,he was not allowed to join the army. 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.水和空气对人类生存是必不可少的。 Water and air are human survival. 2.他用大部分业余时间练习钢琴。 He most ofhis time practicing the piano. 3.从山顶上，整个城市的景色尽收眼底。 From the top of the mountain,the whole city was 4.她不仅会说英语，还会说法语。 She can speak English; she can speak French 5.考虑到天气恶劣，我们决定取消野餐。 the bad weather,we decided to cancel the picnic. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 P 高中译林版 【选择性必修第三册】 Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲 Good health is (vital/important)to everyone. (Firstly/Furthermore),a balanced diet provides necessary nutrients.For example,fruits and vegetables are rich in vitamins,which are (vital/obvious)for body functions.(Besides/However),regular exercise helps maintain physical fitness.Many people choose to exercise in their(leisure/free)time,such as jogging or swimming.Some people may(occupy/take up)too much time with work,ignoring exercise. This can lead to health problems.(In view of/Considering)this,experts suggest setting aside at least 30 minutes daily for exercise.It is also importantto avoid long-term (exposure/exhibition) to stress,as it can harm mental health.By combining a healthy diet,exercise,and stress manage- ment,people can improve their quality of life. (In conclusion/Therefore),these habits are (vital/necessary)to living a healthy life. 参考答案 单项选择 1.A2.A3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.vital 2.occupies 3.visible 4.furthermore 5.leisure 6.discipline 7.mission 8.evalu- ate 9.maintenance 10.In view I.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.vital 2.occupies 3.visible 4.furthermore 5.leisure 6.discipline 7.mission 8.evalu- ate 9.maintenance 10.In view V完成句子 1.vital to 2.occupies;leisure;with 3.visible 4.furthermore 5.In view of V.语篇填空 1.vital 2.Furthermore 3.vital 4.Besides 5.leisure 6.occupy 7.In view of 8.exposure 9.In conclusion 10.vital 9