Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites一-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第三册（译林版）

高中译林版 【Unit4】 选择性必修第三册 词汇精讲 【Unit4】Protecting our heritage sites 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 heritage/'hertd3/n.遗产 行：狂热 定 awe/t.使惊叹，使敬畏；n.conflict/'konflikt/n.冲突，战斗；panel/penl/n.专家咨询组，讨 敬畏，惊叹 争论：矛盾；kan'flk/vi.冲突论小组；嵌板 civilization/,srvalar'zen/n.文cii/'sIvl/adj.国民的：国家的；specialist/'spefalst/n.专家；专 明：社会文明 民事的 科医生：adj.专业的 preserve /pri'z3v/t.维护，保status/'stertas/n.身份，地位：状assess/'ses/t.评估，评定；估 护，保存；维持 况 算 urgent./'3:d3ant/adj紧急的，紧wear and tear(正常使用造成collapse/ka'leps/vi.倒塌，坍塌： 迫的：催促的 的)磨损，损耗 昏倒：n.昏倒：倒塌 wear down(使)磨损，（使）逐渐internal/m't3nl/adj.内部的；国consultation/,kpnsal'teun/n.咨 磨平 内的 询，商讨：就诊 pyramid/pramid/n.金字塔 outcome/atkm/n.结果，效果suspend/s3'spend/vt.暂停；悬， ruin/u:n/t.破坏，毁灭：破产：reef /ri:f/n.礁，礁脉 挂 毁掉：n.毁坏；残垣断壁 coral/kpral//n.珊瑚：adj.珊瑚division/d'vI3n/n.分歧；分开， incredible/m'kredabl/adj.极好色的 分隔 的，极大的：难以置信的 ecology/i'kold3in.生态，生态dam/dem/n.水坝 clay /kler/n.黏土，陶土 学 architect/a:kItekt/n.建筑师；设 sculpture/'skAlptfa()/n.雕像，agenda/'d3ende/n.计划，方案；计师 雕塑品：雕刻术 议程表 operator/'Dpareita(r)/n.操作人 missile/'misarl/n.导弹 pagoda /p3'geuda/n.佛塔 员，技工；接线员 violence/'varelans/n.暴力，暴nail/me/n.钉子；指甲；t.固incident./'nsIdant//n.事件：冲突 词义辨析及同义替换 1. preserve /prI'z3v/vt.维护，保护，保存；维持 词义辨析： preserve:侧重通过采取措施防止某物变质、受损或被破坏，常与“传统、文化、自然环境”等 搭配，强调“保持原样”。 高中译林版 【Unit4】 选择性必修第三册 protect:.通用词， 指采取手段使某人或某物免受伤害或危险，搭配范围更广，如protect sb./sth. from sth. 同义替换： protect,maintain,conserve 例句： We must preserve our cultural heritage for future generations. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第三册单元练习) It's our duty tothe environment from pollution A.preserve B.protect C.prevent (答案：B) 2. ruin /ru:/t.破坏，毁灭；n.毁坏，残垣断壁 词义辨析： u:强调逐渐破坏或最终导致某物失去价值、功能，可用于抽象事物（如希望、健康）或具体 事物（如建筑）。 destroy:侧重彻底摧毁，使其无法修复，语气比uin更强。 同义替换： destroy,damage,spoil 例句： The heavy rain ruined our plan to go hiking. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第三册同步测试） The ancient temple was by the earthquake and now only ruins remain A.ruined B.destroyed C.damaged(答案：B) 3.conflict/konflikt/n.冲突，矛盾；kn'flkt/vi.冲突，抵触 词义辨析： conflict(n.):指意见、利益、军事等方面的“冲突、矛盾”，可与with搭配（如conflict with sth.)。 dispute:侧重“争论、争端”，常涉及对事实或权利的争议，语气较正式。 同义替换： dispute,disagreement,fight 例句： There was a conflict between the two countries over the border issue 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第三册阅读填空） The between tradition and modernization has become a hot topic in society. A.conflict B.division C.incident(答案：A) 4.assess/a'sest.评估，评定；估算 词义辨析： assess:强调对某物的价值、质量、重要性等进行“评估、评价”，常与“风险、损失、能力”搭 2 高中译林版 【Unit4】 选择性必修第三册 配。 evaluate: 侧重通过仔细考虑后得出结论，语气更正式，如evaluate performance。 同义替换： evaluate,estimate,judge 例句： The experts will assess the damage caused by the flood 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第三册单元练习） Teachers need to students'abilities in different aspects. A.assess B.measure C.check (答案：A) 5.collapse /k3'leps/i.倒塌，坍塌；n.倒塌，昏倒 词义辨析： collapse(vi.):指建筑物、结构等“倒塌”，或人因虚弱、疾病“昏倒”，强调突然性。 fl:通用词，指从高处“落下、掉落”，不强调“结构崩溃”。 同义替换： fall down,crumble 例句： The old house collapsed after the storm 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第三册完形填空） The bridge under the weight of the truck,causing a traffic accident. A.collapsed B.destroyed C.uined(答案：A) 6.suspend/s3'spend/t.暂停：悬，挂 词义辨析： pnd:指“暂停”活动、进程等（如课程、比赛），或“悬挂”某物（如吊灯）。 pause:侧重动作的“暂停”，之后可继续，如pause to do sth.。 同义替换： pause,postpone,delay 例句： The school decided to suspend classes due to the heavy snow. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第三册语法填空） The meeting was for an hour because the manager was late A.suspended B.paused C.stopped(答案：A) 7.division/d'v3n/n.分歧：分开，分隔 词义辨析： division:指意见、想法等的“分歧、分裂”，或整体分成部分的“分隔”。 separation:侧重“分离、分开”，常指人或事物在空间或关系上的分离。 高中译林版 【Unit4】 选择性必修第三册 同义替换： separation,split,disagreement 例句： The division between the two groups made it hard to reach an agreement. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第三册阅读理解） The of the country into two parts led to social instability A.division B.conflict C.incident(答案：A) 8.outcome/'atkm/n.结果，效果 词义辨析： outcome:指事件、行动等产生的“结果、结局”，侧重最终的效果或影响。 result:通用词，指某事发生后的“结果”，可用于任何语境。 同义替换： result,consequence,effect 例句： The outcome of the experiment was better than expected. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第三册写作填空） We should consider all possible before making a decision A.outcomes B.effects C.results (答案：A) 9.agenda/A'd3end/n.议程表，议事日程：计划 词义辨析： agenda:指会议或活动的“议程表”，强调待讨论的事项列表。 schedule:侧重“时间表、日程安排”，如工作计划、行程安排。 同义替换： schedule,plan,program 例句： The first item on the agenda is to discuss the budget 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第三册听力填空） What's the main topic on today's meeting? A.agenda B.list C.plan (答案：A) 10.incident/'nsidant/n.事件：冲突 词义辨析： incident::指“小事件、事变”，或与某人、某事相关的“发生的事”，也可指“冲突”（如边境事 件)。 event:侧重“重要事件、大事”，如体育赛事、历史事件。 同义替换： event,affair,occurrence 高中译林版 【Unit4】 选择性必修第三册 例句： There was a small incident at the party last night,but no one was hurt. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第三册完形填空） The traffic caused a long delay on the highway. A.incident B.accident C.event (答案：A) ll.internal/m't3nl/adj.内部的：国内的 词义辨析： internal:指“内部的”（与external相对），或“国内的”（如internal affairs内政)。 inner:侧重“内心的、内在的”，如inner feelings。 同义替换： inner,domestic,inside 例句： The company is facing some internal problems with its management. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第三册阅读理解) The country has decided to focus on development rather than foreign trade A.internal B.domestic C.inner (答案：B) 12.status/'stertas/n.身份，地位；状况，情形 词义辨析： status:指人的“身份、地位”（如social status),或事物的“状况、状态”。 position:侧重“职位、位置”，或在某个领域中的“地位”（如position in society)。 同义替换： position,rank,condition 例句： Her status as a professor gives her great influence in the field 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第三册词汇填空） He has a high in the company and everyone respects him. A.status B.position C.role(答案：A) l3.specialist/'spefalrst/n.专家：专科医生 词义辨析： specialist:指在某一领域有专业知识的“专家”或“专科医生”，强调“专业性”。 expert::侧重“经验丰富、技能高超的专家”，可与in搭配（如expert in sth.)。 同义替换： expert,professional,authority 例句： We need to consult a specialist in environmental protection 高中译林版 【Unit4】 选择性必修第三册 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第三册阅读理解） The team invited a to assess the damage to the ancient pagoda A.specialist B.panel C.operator (答案：A) l4.wear and tear(正常使用造成的)磨损，损耗 词义辨析： wear and tear:固定搭配，指物品因正常使用而产生的“自然磨损”，不可数。 wear down: 动词短语，指“逐渐磨损、磨平”（如The steps were worn down by years of use..)。 同义替换： damage,deterioration 例句： The sofa shows signs of wear and tear after years of use. 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.We needto our cultural traditions to pass them down to future generations A.preserve B.protect C.prevent 2.The heavyrain the crops,and farmers had to replant them. A.ruined B.destroyed C.damaged 3.There is a serious between the two political parties on the new policy. A.conflict B.division C.incident 4.Teachers should students'learning abilities regularly to adjust teaching plans. A.assess B.measure C.check 5.The old building suddenly during the earthquake,causing no injuries. A.collapsed 6 高中译林版 【Unit4】 选择性必修第三册 B.destroyed C.ruined 6.The school the sports meeting because of the bad weather. A.suspended B.paused C.stopped 7.The between the two teams led to a heated argument. A.division B.conflict C.incident 8.We should consider all possible before making an important decision A.outcomes B.effects C.results 9.The first item on the meeting is to discuss the budget for next year. A.agenda B.list C.plan 10.A small traffic caused a short delay on the highway this morning. A.incident B.accident C.event 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The government has taken measures to (保护)the environment from pollution. 2.The fire the entire building,leaving nothing but ruins. 3.The border (between the two countries has lasted for months. 4.Experts will (评估)the damage caused by the flood next week 5.The old bridge (倒塌)under the weight of the truck yesterday. 6.The match was (暂停)forl0 minutes due to a player's injury. 7.The (between the two groups made it hard to reach an agreement. 8.The final (of the competition will be announced tomorrow. 7 高中译林版 【Unit4】 选择性必修第三册 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.We must take action to (preserve)our natural resources for future use 2.The storm (ruin)our holiday plans,so we had to stay at home 3.There is a (conflict)between his personal interests and work responsibilities 4.The teacher asked us to (assess)our own performance in the project. 5.The oldhouse (collapse)after being hit by the typhoon. 6.The company decided to (suspend)the project until next year. 7.The (divide)of the class into groups helped improve learning efficiency. 8.The (outcome)of the experiment was beyond our expectation. 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.我们有责任保护濒危动物免受伤害。 It's our duty to endangered animals harm. 2.地震彻底摧毁了这座古城，现在只剩下废墟。 The earthquake the ancient city completely,and now only remain. 3.传统与现代之间的冲突是一个值得讨论的话题。 The between tradition and is a topic worth discussing. 4.专家们将评估洪水造成的损失。 Experts will the caused by the flood. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 In recent years,the (conflict)between economic development and environmental protection has become ahot topic.Some people believe that development should be the first priority,while others argue that we must(preserve)the environment.To solve this problem,experts_ (assess) the situation and put forward a new plan.They suggested that factories should reduce pollution and (suspend)production ifnecessary.The(outcome)ofthis plan is expected to be positive. However,there is still a (division)of opinions on how to balance the two. 8 高中译林版 【Unit4】 选择性必修第三册 参考答案 I单项选择 1.A2.A3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.protect 2.destroyed 3.conflict 4.assess 5.collapsed 6.suspended 7.division 8.out- come ⅡL.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.preserve 2.ruined 3.conflict 4.assess 5.collapsed 6.suspend 7.division 8.outcome V.完成句子 1.protect;from 2.destroyed;ruins 3.conflict;modernization 4.assess;damage V.语篇填空 1.conflict 2.preserve 3.assessed 4.suspend 5.outcome 6.division