Unit 2 Understanding each other二-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第四册（译林版）

高中译林版 【选择性必修第四册】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 单元精讲 【Unit2】Understanding each other二 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 correspond kDra'spond/vi. 开阔眼界 予考虑：不录用：排斥，排异 似于：相一致，符合：通信 tofu/'tafu:/n.豆腐 pessimistic/pesI'mistik/adj. behave /bI'heIv/vi.&t.表现得 bacon/beikan/n.咸猪肉，熏猪观的，悲观主义的 体，有礼貌：表现 肉 *Germanic /d33:'maenik/adj. tolerate'tolareit/t.容许，允许：tank /taenk/n.坦克：（贮藏液体耳曼语的：德国的 忍受，容忍；能经受 或气体的)罐 linguist/'1)gwIst//n.语言学家： kindergarter/'kmdaga:tn/n.学golf/gplf/n.高尔夫球运动 通晓数国语言的人 前班，幼儿园 integrate/'mtigreit/vt.&vi.(使)tendency/'tendansi/n.趋势，趋 recite /rI'sat/t.吟诵；列举 合并：（使）加入 向：倾向，偏好 accent/'eksent;:'eksant/n.口*bilingual/,bar'lgwa/adj.会skateboard/'skeitb3:dn.滑板 音，腔调：重音；着重点，强调说两种语言的；用两种语言（写）canteen /kan'tin/n.食堂，餐厅 handwriting/'haendraitr/n.手的 sincerely/sn'Srali/adv.真诚地， 写，书写：笔迹，书法 *kung fu/k'f/n.功夫 诚实地 fluent/flu:ant/adj.(尤指外语)oppose /a'pauz/t.反对，抵制：slip/slp/vi.滑倒；滑落；陷入； 流利的，熟练的 与…对垒 n.差错，纸条，滑倒 cooperate /kao'DpareIt/t.合作，intervention/,Inte'venn/n.干fence/fens/n.栅栏：篱笆 协作；协助，配合 涉行为，干预 contest/'kontest/n.比赛，竞赛； cite /sart/t.提及，列举；引用，pure /pjos(r)/adj.纯净的：完全争夺，竞争；kan'test/t.争取 引述 *tribe /trarb/,n.部落 赢得；争辩，就…提出异议 broaden one's mind拓展视野，reject/rI'd3ektt.拒绝接受，不 词义辨析及同义替换 l.tolerate/tplareit/t.容许，允许；忍受，容忍；能经受 词义辨析： tolerate:侧重指主观上“容忍、忍受”（多为不喜欢但可接受的事物），强调克制和让步，后接 名词或动名词。 bear:语气较强，指“忍受”（痛苦、困难等），可用于否定句或疑问句，后接名词、动名词或不 高中译林版 【选择性必修第四册】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 定式（常用can't bear to do)。 tand:与bear用法相近，口语中更常用，后接名词或动名词，否定句中常用can't stand doing: 同义替换： bear,stand,endure 例句： Ican't tolerate people speaking loudly in the library..(译林版高中选择性必修四同步练习) 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修四单元检测） She couldn't the noise outside and closed the window. A.tolerate B.reject C.oppose(答案：A) 2.reject/r'd3ekt/t.拒绝接受，不予考虑：不录用；排斥，排异 词义辨析： 1 reject:指“坚决拒绝”（观点、建议、申请等），语气较强，侧重明确的否定态度，后接名词或 代词。 refuse:普通用词，指“拒绝做某事或给予某物”，后接名词、代词或不定式(refuse to do),语 气比reject弱。 decline:正式用语，指“婉言拒绝”（邀请、提议等），后接名词或不定式(decline to do),语气 礼貌。 同义替换： refuse,decline,turn down 例句： The company rejected his application because he lacked experience.(译林版高中选择性必修四课文 原句) 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修四模块测试） -Would you like to join our hiking trip? -I'm sorry,but I have to your invitation.I have an exam tomorrow. A.reject B.decline C.oppose(答案：B) 3.opp0se/A'paUz/t.反对，抵制：与…对垒 词义辨析： oppose:指“强烈反对”（计划、政策、行为等），后接名词、代词或动名词(oppose doing),常 用搭配oppose sth./sb object:不及物动词，需与to搭配(object to sth./doing),指“反对”（基于个人情感或原则），语 气较oppose弱。 resist:指“抵抗、抵制”（诱惑、压力等），后接名词、动名词或不定式(resist doing),强调克制。 同义替换： object to,resist,be against 例句： Many locals opposed the construction of the new factory.(译林版高中选择性必修四单元阅读) 2 高中译林版 【选择性必修第四册】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修四学业水平检测） Most students to the new rule of wearing uniforms every day. A.opposed B.objected C.rejected ,(答案：B) 4.1uent/'flu:ant/adj.(尤指外语)流利的，熟练的 词义辨析： fluent:侧重指语言表达“流利的、流畅的”，强调说话的连贯性，常用搭配be fluent in+-语言。 proficient:指“熟练的、精通的”（技能、语言等），强调专业水平高，常用搭配be proficient in。 skillful:指“熟练的、有技巧的”（手部动作、技艺等），侧重动作的灵巧性，后接at/in。 同义替换： proficient,smooth,articulate 例句： She is fluent in English and often helps her classmates with pronunciation.(译林版高中选择性必修 四单元语法填空) 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修四期末模拟） After practicing for a year,he became in Spanish and could communicate with locals easily. A.fluent B.bilingual C.pure(答案：A) 5.behave /bI'heIv/vi.&t.表现得体，有礼貌；表现 词义辨析： behave:指“行为举止”（符合规范或预期），可作不及物动词(behave well/bady)或及物动词 (behave oneself,.“守规矩”)。 conduct:正式用词，指“为人处事、管理”，侧重行为的方式和态度，后接反身代词或宾语(conduct oneself)。 act:普通用词，指“行动、表现”，侧重具体动作或临时的行为，后接副词或as+名词(act as)。 同义替换： conduct oneself,act,perform 例句： The children behaved well during the school visit.(译林版高中选择性必修四同步练习) 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修四单元检测） You should yourself properly at the formal dinner. A.behave B.actC.perform(答案：A) 6.tend/tend/vi.倾向，趋向：易于（注：原词表无tend,但tendency为其名词形式，此处补充常 用动词搭配) 词义辨析： tend to do:指“倾向于做某事、易于发生”，强调规律性或习惯性，如She tends to get up early. be inclined to do:指“有…倾向、愿意做某事”，侧重主观意愿，语气较正式，如He is inclined 高中译林版 【选择性必修第四册】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 to agree with us. have a tendency to do:名词短语，与tend to do同义，如Children have a tendency to imitate adults. 同义替换： be inclined to,have a tendency to 例句： People tend to be more pessimistic when they are under stress.(译林版高中选择性必修四阅读拓展) 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修四模块测试） Prices of daily goods go up during festivals. A.tend to )B.oppose to C.integrate to(答案：A) 7.integrate/'mntigrert/t.&vi.(使)合并：（使）加入 词义辨析： integrate:指“融入、使成为一体”（群体、社会、系统等），常用搭配integrate into./with,强调 融合后的整体性。 combine:指“结合、联合”（两个或多个事物），侧重混合或协作，常用搭配combine with。 merges:指“合并、兼并”（公司、组织等），强调完全融合为一个整体，后接imto或with。 同义替换： combine,merge,blend 例句： Immigrants need time to integrate into the local community.(译林版高中选择性必修四单元话题写 作) 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修四学业水平检测） The two companies decided to their resources to develop new technology. A.integrate B.cooperate C.correspond(答案：A) 8.slip /slip/vi.滑倒：滑落：陷入：n.差错，纸条，滑倒 词义辨析（动词义）： slip:指“意外滑倒、滑落”（因表面光滑或不小心），后接副词或介词短语(slip on,.slip into)。 slide:指“滑行、滑动”（沿表面平滑移动），可主动或被动，如The book slid off the desk, skid:指“（车辆因路面滑而）打滑”，侧重失控的滑动，如The car skidded on the ice 同义替换（动词义）： slide,glide,trip 例句： She slipped on the wet floor and hurt her knee..(译林版高中选择性必修四同步练习) 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修四期末模拟） Be careful!The road is icy,and cars may easily. A.slip B.skid C.slide(答案：B) 9.contest/'kpntest/n.比赛，竞赛：kn'test/t.争取赢得：争辩 高中译林版 【选择性必修第四册】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析（名词义）： contest:指“技能或智力竞赛”（如演讲、写作比赛），强调竞争和评判，范围较广。 competition: 普通用词，指“竞争、比赛”（如体育、商业竞争），侧重参与者之间的较量。 match:指“体育比赛”（如足球、网球赛），侧重对抗性和规则性，常用搭配a football match。 同义替换（名词义）： competition,match,game 例句： She won first prize in the English speech contest.(译林版高中选择性必修四单元活动) 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修四模块测试） Our school will hold a singing next month.Are you going to take part? A.contest B.competition C.game(答案：A) l0.cooperate /k3U'Dpareit/i.合作，协作；协助，配合 词义辨析： cooperate:指“为共同目标而合作”，后接with(cooperate with sb.)或on sth.,强调主动配合。 collaborate:含义相近，常指在专业领域（如艺术、科研）的合作，后接with或on。 combine:指“结合、联合”，侧重混合或合并，后接with。 同义替换： collaborate,work together,join forces 例句： Scientists from different countries cooperate on climate research.(译林版高中选择性必修四课文原 句) 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修四单元检测） We need to with local communities to protect the environment. A.cooperate B.combine C.integrate (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.She can't the terrible smell in the kitchen and opens the window. A.tolerate B.reject C.oppose 2.The manager decided to the proposal because it was not practical. 高中译林版 【选择性必修第四册】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 A.refuse B.decline C.reject 3.Many citizens to the new policy of increasing taxes. A.opposed B.objected C.resisted 4.After three years of study,she became in French and could translate novels fluently. A.fluent B.proficient C.skillful 5.You must yourself well when visiting the museum. A.behave B.conduct C.act 6.Students to lose interest in learning if they are given too much homework. A.tend B.incline C.have a tendency 7.The two departments plan to their resources to improve work efficiency. A.integrate B.combine C.merge 8.The car on the wet road and hit the guardrail. A.slipped B.skidded C.slid 9.Our school will host an English writing next term A.contest B.competition C.match 10.Scientists from different countries will on the research project A.cooperate B.collaborate C.combine 6 高中译林版 【选择性必修第四册】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 二、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 l.We should learn to」 (容忍)others'differences and get along well.. 2.He (the job offer because the salary was too low. 3.Local residents strongly (反对)the construction of the chemical factory. 4.She is (流利的)in both English and Spanish, 5.Children should (表现)politely in public places.. 6.Prices of vegetables (倾向于)rise in winter 7.Immigrants need time to()into the local culture. 8.Be careful not to (滑倒)on the icy sidewalk, 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.She couldn't tolerate (wait)for such a long time.(wait) 2.The company rejected his(apply)for the position.(apply) 3.Many people opposed (build)a new airport near the city.(build) 4.He is fluent in」 (speak)three languages.(speak) 5.The children behaved(good)during the trip.(good) 6.She tends (get)up early in the morning.(get) 7.They are trying to integrate traditional medicine with modern science (successful).(suc- cessful) 8.He slipped and (fall)down the stairs yesterday.(fall) 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.他无法忍受别人在公共场合大声喧哗。 He can't loudly in public. 2.她婉言谢绝了参加聚会的邀请，因为她要准备考试。 She the invitation to the party because she had to prepare for the exam. 3.大多数学生反对每天穿校服的新规定。 Most students the new rule of wearing uniforms every day. 高中译林版 【选择性必修第四册】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 4.经过练习，他的英语说得很流利了。 After practicing,he can speak English 5.孩子们在宴会上表现得很有礼貌。 The children at the banquet 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Many people find it hard to (1) (tolerate/reject)noise in public places.Some even(2) (oppose/object)to loud music in restaurants.However,being (3)(fluent/skillful)in commu- nication can help solve such problems.For example,politely asking others to lower their voices (4) (tends/declines)to be more effective than arguing. Schools often hold speech(5)(contests/matches)to encourage students to express themselves. Participants need to (6)(cooperate/integrate)with their teachers to prepare speeches.Those who are(7) (fluent/proficient)in public speaking usually stand out. It's important to(⑧)_ (behave/conduct)properly in social situations.Remember,mutual respect can help us (9) (integrate/combine)into any community. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.A2.C 3B4.A5.A6.A7.A8B9.A10.A L.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.tolerate 2.rejected 3.opposed 4.fluent 5.behave 6.tend 7.integrate 8.slip L.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.waiting 2.application 3.building 4.speaking 5.well 6.to get 7.successfully 8.fell V.完成句子 1.tolerate people speaking 2.declined 3.object to 4.very fluently 5.behaved politely V.语篇填空 1.tolerate 2.object 3.fluent 4.tends 5.contests 6.cooperate 7.fluent 8.behave 9.in- tegrate 8