26 选择性必修第四册 Unit 2 Understanding each other（配套教参Word版）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮讲义（译林版）

该高中英语高考复习讲义围绕词汇、短语、句式等核心考点，按“单词-短语-句式-语篇”逻辑架构整合内容，涵盖课标单词（写作、拓展、阅读）、核心短语（如account for）、经典句式（否定词倒装等），通过考点梳理（易混词辨析）、方法指导（句式归纳）、真题训练（2023甲卷原句分析）等环节，帮助学生系统构建知识网络，突破复习难点。 资料注重语言能力与思维品质培养，创新设计“话题微写作”（如“我与父母换角色”投稿实践）和“核心单词语境练悟”（suit与fit/match用法对比），设置分层练习（基础巩固、能力提升），配合高考语篇培优，确保有限时间内高效复习，助力学生提升应考能力，为教师把控复习节奏提供精准指导。

高考原句 句式分析 汉语试译 1．(2023·全国甲卷)The western half of the U．S．was full of grizzlies when Europeans came，with a rough number of 50,000 or more living alongside Native Americans． 本句是一个复合句。when Europeans came是when引导的时间状语从句；with a rough number of 50,000 or more living alongside Native Americans是with的复合结构，表伴随。 当欧洲人到来时，美国的西半部到处都是灰熊，大约有 50 000只或更多与美洲原住民一起生活。 2．(2023·全国甲卷) Their recovery has been so successful that the U．S．Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies，which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted． 本句是一个复合句。主句是so．．．that 引导的结果状语从句；which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted是which 引导的非限制性定语从句。 它们的恢复非常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局曾两次试图将灰熊除名，这将放松法律保护并允许它们遭受猎杀。 [Part 1　巧记·课标单词] 写作单词|悉其识 1．　gentle　 adj．　　　温柔的；温和的 2．　obtain　 vt． 获得，赢得 3．　negotiate　 vt．& vi． 谈判；商定 4．　enterprise　 n． 公司，企业；规划 5．　straightforward　 adj． 坦诚的；简单的 6．　fold　 vt． 折叠，对折 7．　friction　 n． 争执；摩擦 8．　clarify　 vt． 澄清，阐明 9．　knowledgeable　 adj． 博学的 10．　sympathy　 n． 同情；赞同 11．　gain　 v． 获得；增进 12．　vocabulary　 n． 词汇，词汇量 13．　somewhat　 adv． 有点，有几分 14．　correspond　 vi．　类似于；符合 15．　recite　 vt． 吟诵；列举 16．　accent　 n． 口音；重音 17．　handwriting　 n． 手写；书法 18．　cite　 n． 提及；引用，引述 19．　integrate　 vt．& vi． (使)合并；(使)加入 20．　oppose　 vt． 反对 21．　intervention　 n． 干涉，干预 22．　reject　 vt． 拒绝接受 23．　pessimistic　 adj． 悲观的 24．　linguist　 n． 语言学家 25．　contest　 n． 比赛，争夺 vt． 争取赢得 拓展单词|通其用 1．　react　 vi．(化学)反应→　reaction　 n．反应 2．　competence　 n．能力；胜任；本领→　competent　 adj．有能力的；称职的 3．　suit　 v．合适；适合→　suitable　 adj．合适的；相配的 4．　approve　 vi．& vt．赞成；同意；批准；通过→　approval　 n．赞成；同意；批准 5．　precise　 adj．准确的；精确的→　precisely　 adv．准确地；精确地；的确如此 6．　preference　 n．爱好；偏爱→　prefer　 vt．更喜欢 7．　embarrassed　 adj．难堪的；尴尬的→　embarrass　 vt．使尴尬；使难堪→　embarrassment　 n．尴尬；难堪 8．　intend　 vi．& vt．打算；计划；想要→　intention　 n．意图；计划 9．　tolerate　 vt．忍受；包容；容许→　tolerance　 n．忍受；容忍；忍耐 10．　fluent　 adj．(尤指外语)流利的；熟练的→　fluently　 adv．流利地；流畅地 11．　cooperate　 v．合作→　cooperation　 n．合作 阅读单词|明其义 1．feedback n．　　反馈，反应　 2．tone n． 　语气，腔调　 3．jam n． 　果酱；阻塞　 4．kindergarten n． 　幼儿园　 5．bacon n． 　咸猪肉　 6．golf n．　　　高尔夫　 7．tofu n． 　豆腐　 8．canteen n． 　食堂，餐厅　 9．skateboard n． 　滑板　 1．多重“性格”集一身 2．“支持， 反对”表立场 ①stubborn 固执的 ②introverted 内向的 ③outgoing 外向的 ④gentle 温和的 ⑤sensible 理智的 ⑥emotional 感性的 ⑦outspoken 坦率的 ⑧determined 坚决的 ①support n．& vt．支持 ②in favour of 支持 ③agree v．赞成 ④approve v．赞成 ⑤argue against 反对 ⑥be against 反对 ⑦oppose v．反对 [Part 2　妙记·核心短语] 1．　put yourself in sb．'s shoes　处于某人的境地，设身处地为某人着想 2．　account for sth．　是……的说明(或原因)；(数量上，比例上)占 3．　approve of　赞成，赞同 4．　broaden one's mind　开阔心胸，开阔眼界 5．　function as　 起……作用 6．refer to．．．as．．．　把……称作……　 7．as to 　关于　 8．point of view 　观点；立场　 9．relate to 　涉及，有关　 10．be based on 　以……为基础　 1．“v．＋for”高频短语聚焦 2．“v．＋of”短语小结 ①account for 是……的说明 ②search for 寻找；搜索 ③care for 关心，照顾 ④wait for 等待 ⑤allow for 考虑到 ①dream of 梦见；梦想；设想 ②consist of 由……组成 ③approve of 赞成 ④die of 死于 ⑤think of 想到 ⑥hear of 听说 [Part 3　速记·经典句式] 典型句式 教材原句 1．状语从句的省略 They could be interpreted as a welcoming greeting from a close friend, especially 　if accompanied　 (如果伴有) by a gentle smile． 2．现在分词短语作定语 For example，if you are a business person 　negotiating with a large enterprise about a deal　 (正在与一家大企业洽谈一笔生意)，you should do it face to face，using formal language，in a straightforward manner． 3．once 引导的状语从句 　Once you have obtained this information　 (一旦你获取了这个信息)，you can then use it to determine how best to communicate with them． 4．否定词置于句首引起的部分倒装 　No sooner had I begun　 (一开始) to understand how British people communicate than it was time to head back home． 5．what 引导的主语从句 　What is special　 (特别的是)is that it is a Chinese poem and she is able to recite it without an accent． [核心单词] 1．suit vt．适合；满足……需要；相配；合身 n． 西装；套装 ►[教材对接] Depending on whether you are communicating with a stranger, friend, family member, or co­worker, you will need to decide which communication channel best suits the situation． 根据沟通的对象是陌生人，朋友，家人还是同事，你需要决定哪种沟通方式最适合实际情况。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空/补全句子 ①(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)A torch (手电筒) along with 　suitable　(suit) clothing is essential for walking in the dark． ②(2023·全国乙卷)Many of these species (物种) are not ideally 　suited　(suit) to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter． ③Firstly, because my spoken English is fluent, I think I 　am suitable for　 (更适合) this job． [考点归纳]——知识生成 (1)suit oneself 随自己的意愿行事 It suits/suited＋n．/pron．＋to do sth． 某人/某物适合做某事 (2)suitable adj．适合的 be suitable for．．． 适合于…… [易混辨析] fit 多指大小、形状合适，可引申为“吻合；协调” suit 多指颜色、花样或款式适合；还可指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位等 match 多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配 [学以致用]——用suit, match, fit的适当形式填空。 ④The size of the shirt 　fits　 me well and its color 　matches　 my tie, so it 　suits　 me． [链接写作]——完成句子 ⑤If you look at all sides of the situation，you'll find probably a solution 　that suits everyone　． 如果你从各个方面看待这个情况，你可能会找到一个适合每个人的解决方案。 2．approve vi．赞成；同意vt． 通过；批准 ►[教材对接] You may not approve of their ideas but at least you will see where they are coming from，．．． 你可能不赞同他们的想法，但至少你会明白这些想法从何而来，…… [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①The government gave 　approval　 (approve) to the project． ②I don't approve 　of　 your going out with him． ③He nodded 　in　 approval． [考点归纳]——知识生成 approve of 赞成；同意 approval n．赞成；同意；批准 without approval 未经许可 in approval 同意 give one's approval to 同意；批准 [名师点津]　(1)approve表示“赞成；同意” 时，是不及物动词，若后接宾语，要借助介词of。表示“批准”时，为及物动词，后面可直接跟宾语。 (2)不要将汉语的 “赞成某人做某事” 直译成approve sb．to do sth．或在其后跟that从句，可改用approve of sb．'s doing sth． (3)approval作“赞成；认可”讲时，后面常接of短语，不接动词不定式。 [链接写作]——完成句子 ④　The headmaster didn't approve the plan because of safety　． 由于安全问题，校长没有批准这个计划。 3．sympathy n．同情(心)；意气相投；赞同 ►[教材对接] To engage him or her in the discussion and make your communication more effective, you may express your sympathy by, for instance, saying, “I understand how you feel．．．” 为了让他/她参与讨论，使你们的沟通更有效，你可以表达你的同情，例如，说：“我了解你的感受……” [语境练悟]——用sympathy的相关短语完成句子。 ①After hearing her story, he 　expressed/showed/felt sympathy for　 (对……表示同情) her and decided to help her out． ②The story of the homeless orphan has 　aroused sympathy from the public　 (唤起了公众的同情心)． ③　Out of sympathy for　 (出于对……的同情) the earthquake victims, the kind­hearted lady gave away her clothes and quilts to them． [考点归纳]——知识生成 (1)feel/have great sympathy for sb． 非常同情某人 out of sympathy 出于同情 in sympathy with 支持；赞同 (2)sympathetic adj．同情的；有同情心的；赞同的 (3)sympathetically adv．同情地 [链接写作]——完成句子 ④(2021·天津卷)After letting go of his anger and frustration, 　he found himself on a road to sympathy instead　． 在放下愤怒和沮丧之后，他发现自己走上了同情之路。 4．preference n．偏爱；偏爱的事物 ►[教材对接] Now, when speaking to Americans, who have a preference for the direct style, I found that I often failed to get straight to the point． 现在，当和美国人说话时，他们喜欢更直接的方式，我发现自己经常不能直接切入主题。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①(2022·北京卷)One theory, increasingly supported by experts, suggests that smell 　preferences　 (prefer) are learned． ②Nowadays many children prefer surfing the Internet at home 　to　 taking exercise outdoors． ③(全国Ⅱ卷)While the younger generations prefer 　to communicate　 (communicate) visually，for those used to working with traditional tools like email，it may feel like a learning curve (曲线)． [考点归纳]——知识生成 (1)have a preference for 对……有偏爱 (2)prefer vt．较喜欢 prefer to do sth． 更喜欢做某事 prefer sth．to sth． 喜欢某物而不喜欢某物 prefer doing sth．to doing sth． 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事 [名师点津]　(1)prefer不用于进行时；(2)prefer相当于like better，所以prefer不可与比较级连用。 [链接写作]——完成句子 ④I prefer 　going shopping to staying at home　． 比起待在家里，我更喜欢购物。 5．behave vi．& vt．表现得体，有礼貌 ►[教材对接] If you know how to behave and what to avoid, you'll spare yourself embarrassment． 如果你知道该如何表现得体，什么东西需要避讳，你就不会使自己陷入尴尬。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①(2024·北京卷)These social emotions prepare our brains to shape our 　behaviour　(behave) according to the norms and values of our family and our community． ②They behaved badly 　towards/to　 the guests，which made us very disappointed． ③Don't imagine that they'll behave 　themselves　 (them)．They will not take their defeat lying down． [考点归纳]——知识生成 (1)behave well/badly to/towards sb． 对待某人好/差 behave oneself 守规矩；表现得体 (2)well­behaved adj．表现好的 badly­behaved adj．表现差的 [链接写作]——完成句子 ④　Behave yourself in public　 and you will win the respect of most of us． 在公众场合举止得体才能赢得我们大多数人的尊重。 [间考单词] 1．somehow adv．以某种方式(或方法); 不知怎么地 [语境练悟]——补全句子 ①She 　somehow got lost　 on her way home． 她不知怎么地回家时竟然迷路了。 ②The price 　is somewhat higher　 than I expected． 这价格比我预料的高了一点儿。 [名师点津]　副词somehow在句中可置于句首、句中或句末，置于句首及句末时也可与主句之间用逗号隔开。 [易混辨析] somehow 表示“以某种方式”或“由于某种原因”。 anyhow 表示“无论如何，以任何方式”，相当于anyway, at any rate。 somewhat 表示“从某种意义上讲；有几分”，相当于in a way，sort of或kind of。 [学以致用]　选词填空(somehow, somewhat, anyhow) ③(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)　Somehow　， these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error． ④I was 　somewhat　 surprised to see you at the meeting． ⑤It may rain, but we shall go as planned 　anyhow　． 2．embarrassed adj．尴尬的，难堪的 [语境练悟]——用embarrass的适当形式填空。 ①But only a few workers supported me，and I was trapped in an 　embarrassing　 situation，which made me discouraged． ②When Tony offered to help her dressing，Claire felt 　embarrassed　． ③If you don't feel at ease while facing somebody，you can turn your back to him to avoid 　embarrassment　． 3．reject vt．拒绝接受，不予考虑；拒收，不录用；不用，不出售，不出版 [语境练悟]——指出下列句中画线词的含义 ①However, as American fast food gains acceptance and the young 　reject　 older traditions, the obesity rate among French children has reached 17%—and is growing．　拒绝接受　 ②Children feel abandoned or 　rejected　 if they don't see their parents regularly． 　不够关心　 ③Harry Potter was once 　rejected　 many times．If the author J．K．Rowling hadn't kept trying with publisher after publisher, we'd all have missed out on some great adventures．　不出版　 ④I was once 　rejected　 by all the universities I applied to, but I had faith in myself and didn't give up．　不录用　 ⑤Although writing a 　rejection　 letter can be difficult, there are situations when it's absolutely necessary．　拒绝　 1．put yourself in sb．'s shoes处于某人的境地，设身处地为某人着想 ►[教材对接] Seek to understand the other person's emotions, by putting yourself in their shoes and looking at the situation from their perspective． 通过设身处地从对方的角度看问题来试着理解对方的情绪。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①In our daily life，we'd better always put 　ourselves　 (we) in others' shoes． ②The manager put 　forward　 a suggestion that we should have an assistant． There is too much work to do． ③Mary is really good at taking notes in class． She can put 　down　 almost every word her teacher says． ④(2023·全国甲卷)Put 　off　 watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake． [考点归纳]——知识生成 put off 延期；推迟 put into 使进入；把……放进 put together ……放在一起 put down放下；记下；平定 put up with忍受；容忍 put away 收起来；放好 put forward 提出建议；把……向前拨 [链接写作]——完成句子 ⑤You have to 　put yourself in other people's shoes　 and before you make any decision, consider whether you like this done to yourself． 在你做决定前都应换位思考，“己所不欲，勿施于人”。 2．account for说明(原因等)；做出解释；占……(比例) ►[教材对接] If you give serious consideration to their points of view, however, you will be able to see what accounts for their emotions and empathize with them． 然而，如果你仔细思考他们的观点，你就能弄清他们产生情绪的原因，并与他们产生共鸣。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①In our class，the number of students who likes popular music accounts 　for　 90%． ②Tom's careless driving accounted 　for　 the accident． ③Before making a decision，we should take 　into　 account the needs of customers． ④I was absent from school on account 　of　 illness． ⑤On 　no　 account will I lose heart． [考点归纳]——知识生成 (1)account for 说明(原因等)；做出解释；占……(比例) (2)open/close a bank account 开立或关闭银行账户 (3)on account of＝because of 由于；因为 (4)on no account 不论什么理由都不 (5)take．．．into account＝take．．．into consideration 考虑……；把……考虑在内 [链接写作]——完成句子 ⑥(全国Ⅰ卷)Lighting 　accounts for about 7% of the total electricity　 consumed in the US． 照明约占美国总用电量的7%。 1．“现在分词短语作定语 ►[教材对接] For example, if you are a business person negotiating with a large enterprise about a deal, you should do it face to face, using formal language, in a straightforward manner． 例如，如果你是一个商人，正在与一家大企业洽谈一笔生意，你应该面对面地，用正式的语言，以直截了当的方式进行沟通。 [语境练悟]——补全句子 ①China is a developing country　belonging to the Third World　． 中国是一个属于第三世界的发展中国家。 ②The information is available to anyone 　wanting to see it　． 想看这条信息的人可以随意看。 ③This morning I received a package 　containing all the items I needed　． 今天上午我收到一个包裹，里面有我需要的所有物品。 ④This is one of the experiments 　being carried out　 in the country． 这是国内正在进行的实验之一。 [考点归纳]——知识生成 现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰前面的名词或代词，相当于一个定语从句。它表示的动作几乎与谓语动词的动作同时发生，若分词动词与被修饰词在逻辑上是主动关系，用doing，若是被动关系，则用being done。 [链接写作]——句式升级 ⑤The man standing at the door has waited for you for half an hour． →The man 　that/who is standing at the door　 has waited for you for half an hour．(定语从句) 2．否定意义的词(短语)位于句首引起的部分倒装 ►[教材对接] No sooner had I begun to understand how British people communicate than it was time to head back home． 我刚开始了解英国人是如何交流的，就该回家了。 [语境练悟]——根据提示完成句子 ①Never 　shall I forget　 (我会忘记) her． ②Little 　do I dream of seeing　 (我做梦看到) such wonderful scenery． ③Never before 　have I read　 (我读过) an article that is so full of lies． ④By no means 　is punishment　 (惩罚是) a wise choice to help them grow up． [考点归纳]——知识生成 当含有否定意义的词或短语置于句首时，句子需用部分倒装，即把助动词，情态动词，be动词移至主语之前。这样的词或短语有： 全部否定意义副词：never, not，neither，nor，nowhere 部分否定意义副词：hardly，scarcely，rarely，seldom，little等。 绝不短语：at no time，by no means，in no case, in no way，on no condition, under/in no circumstances, on no account等。 [链接写作]——完成句子 ⑤(全国Ⅱ卷) 　Hardly had we arrived at the farm　 when we saw kinds of animals，green fresh vegetables，and many oranges hanging from the branches． 我们刚到农场，就看到了各种各样的动物，绿色的新鲜蔬菜，还有许多橘子挂在树枝上。 [全练透] Ⅰ．单词拼写 1．It shows us how iron 　reacts　 (反应) with air and water． 2．Our English teacher is 　negotiating　 (协商) with the headmaster for the use of the library． 3．He 　folded　 (折起，叠好)the letter and put it in his packet． 4．She desperately want to win her father's 　approval　 (赞同)． 5．It is really a sad situation, and I feel 　sympathy　 (同情) for the people involved． 6．After 　gaining　 (获得) independence in 1957, it was renamed “Ghana” (加纳)． 7．He told a lie to cover up his real 　intention　 (目的)． 8．The two sisters 　corresponded　 (通信) when they were in college． 9．Some people don't like pop songs because they can't 　tolerate　 (忍受) so much noise． 10．Mother strongly 　opposed　 (反对) my travelling on my own this summer vacation． Ⅱ．单句语法填空 1．The council is considering whether to approve 　of　 the use of firearms． 2．The online books will be renewed and enriched gradually according to readers' borrowing habits and 　preferences　 (prefer)． 3．Firstly, it's always great to start the new year with a good 　intention　 (intend) and a positive attitude, as it can bring more hope and happiness． 4．These goods don't correspond 　with/to　 the list of those I ordered． 5．After the famous star was 　opposed　 (oppose) to starring in the film, the media focused on it． 6．She was happy and sang to the music with her hand waving 　gently　 (gentle)． 7．In 2011, the soybean output of China dropped to the fourth place around the globe, 　accounting　 (account) for only 5．55% of the world's total． 8．Joe was so 　embarrassed　 (embarrass) that he quickly put everything back into his luggage． 9．Students should be encouraged to develop good habits and better behave 　themselves　 (they)． 10．It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house 　that　 we saw Lily in the passenger seat． Ⅲ．选词填空 account for, approve of, function as, refer to．．．as．．．, as to, relate to, be based on, point of view 1．People who work in offices are usually 　referred to as　 “white collar workers”． 2．China and India between them 　account for　 a third of the global population． 3．I'm trying to get Tom to change his 　point of view　． 4．There is some doubt 　as to　 whether the proposal is practicable． 5．From the way he talks about it, he doesn't seem to 　approve of　 this． 6．To understand human communication we must understand how people 　relate to　 one another． 7．Your grade will 　be based on　 four papers and a final exam． 8．The museum intends to 　function as　 an educational and study centre． Ⅳ．完成句子 1．这件羊毛衫是深蓝色的，这个颜色特别适合我。 The sweater is dark blue, 　which suits me very well　． 2．我赞成你去尝试挣一些钱，但请不要荒废了你的学业。 I 　approve of your trying to　 earn some money, but please don't ignore your studies． 3．这些珍宝已被送往大英博物馆，其中有一些是失而复得的。 The treasures, 　some of which　 have been recovered, have been sent to the British Museum． 4．我来时本打算留下，但现在我已决定离开。 I came 　with the intention of staying　， but now I've decided to leave． 5．他几乎不在乎别人想什么。 Little 　does he care about　 what others think． [重落实] Ⅰ．单元巩固练 短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请按要求补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法。 Communication is the exchange of 1．　information　 (inform) between a sender and a receiver, which is 2．　a　 complex process． 3．　To accomplish　 (accomplish) this, you need to know with 4．　whom　 you are communicating and decided how to communicate． Your body language is 5．　equally　 (equal) important, since it reveals a lot about your thoughts and 6．　attitudes　 (attitude)． Make sure it clearly 7．　supports　 (support) the message you want to deliver． While being knowledgeable about body language is vital, the value of empathy should not 8．　be understated　 (understate)． In order to make your communication 9．　more effective　 (effective), you may express your sympathy． Effective communication will allow you to settle differences and disagreements appropriately and improve your interactions with 10．　others　 (other)． Ⅱ．话题微写作(投稿) 假设你是李华，你校上周发起了“我与父母换角色(Exchange Roles with Parents)”的活动，请你据此给校英文报投稿，内容包括： 1．活动目的； 2．你的行动； 3．你的感受； 4．尽量使用本单元知识点。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] In a bid to arouse the awareness of being grateful to our parents，an activity named Exchange Roles with Parents was launched by our school last week． Instead of being taken care of by my parents all the time，I took the responsibility of doing housework last Sunday．Getting up much earlier than usual，I struggled to prepare breakfast for the whole family and then did a thorough cleaning in the house，which left me exhausted．However，seeing their satisfied smiles made all my efforts worthwhile． It was this activity that provided me with an insight into how much my parents had done for me and taught me to cherish their unconditional love from the bottom of my heart． Ⅲ．读后续写微技能(26)——人物日常活动 ●[多样表达] 1．blame v．责备 2．scold v．斥责 3．recall v．回忆，回想 4．recite v．朗诵；背诵 5．experience n．经历 6．appreciation n．欣赏；鉴赏 7．reluctant adj．不情愿的，勉强的 8．urgent adj．迫切的 9．be received with much appreciation深受赞扬 10．require urgent attention需要紧急处理 11．follow orders from the voluntary organization 服从志愿者组织的指挥 12．damage the image of high school students 损害高中生形象 ●[佳句观摩] 1．不要总是把你的不良行为怪在你的小妹妹身上。 Don't keep blaming your little sister for your bad behavior． 2．如果你的朋友做错事，你应该向他提出警告。 If your friend does something wrong，you should always address a warning to him． 3．她在候车室里晕过去了，被抬了出去。 She fainted in the waiting room and had to be carried out． ●[好句仿写] 1．他父亲昨天斥责了他回来得太晚。 His father 　scolded him for staying out late　． 2．在我弟弟的高中毕业典礼上，学生们朗诵了一首诗。这首诗受到了高度赞扬。 At my brother's high school graduation，the students recited a poem，　which was received with much appreciation　． 3．他有需要紧急处理的事求见经理。 He 　asked to see the manager for something that required urgent attention　． [培优1]　单元知识链高考 一、熟词生义 1．(2023·全国甲卷)He stressed the self­cultivation，respect for elders，and the pursuit of knowledge，which serves as a guiding light in our fast­paced and interconnected world．　vt．强调　 2．(全国Ⅰ卷)Write them down in a journal．Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness．　n．优点　 3．He has found that hedgehogs are not only wrong more often than foxes, but that they are less likely to recognise or admit that they are wrong when events do not match their predictions．　n．事情　 4．The animals are skinned on the spot and the wool taken to India，where it is made into the shawls．　v．剥皮　 二、一词多义——根据语境选出character的含义 A．n．(书、剧本、电影等中的)人物，角色　 B．n．性格 C．n．特色，特性　 D．n．字，字体 1．The twins look like each other but they have very different characters: one is quiet while the other is active．　 B 　 2．At the end of the story, the main character, a young man had to leave his girlfriend．　 A 　 3．Nowadays many foreigners love to study Chinese characters in China．　 D 　 4．—The town is so beautiful! I just love it． —Me too．The character of the town is well preserved．　 C 　 [培优2]　高考语篇培素养——Topic：弘扬感恩之心，聚焦启智润心、铸魂育人 ◆真题文本 ◆真题再做 　　(2024·全国甲卷改编)One day, we had a family dinner．While the adults were busy with their serious talk outside, I was left alone in the　 1 　 to help my grandmother wash dishes． 　 2 　 my grandmother would tell me stories about her childhood． Born just before WWⅡ，my grandmother 　 3 　 an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine．She did not have a chance to go to　 4 　．Like in typical families, where boys were 　 5 　 much more than girls, my grandma had to stay at home to do　 6 　． The only opportunity(机会)she could seize to 　 7 　 was when her brother was having Chinese　 8 　with the family tutor．She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table, listening　 9 　．This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down－a skill that has turned out to be quite 　 10 　，especially whenever we share the newspaper． My childhood is quite　 11 　compared with hers． I am　 12 　that I did not need to　 13 　the hardships like she did．I've never faced the problem of　 14 　．I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to talk to: her stories always make my history textbooks　 15 　． 1．A．sitting room B．kitchen C．yard D．dining hall 2．A．As always B．By the way C．For example D．Here and now 3．A．adjusted B．promoted C．achieved D．experienced 4．A．work B．school C．court D．press 5．A．favored B．tolerated C．trusted D．acknowledged 6．A．gardening B．homework C．business D．housework 7．A．exercise B．study C．explore D．teach 8．A．food B．guests C．lessons D．tea 9．A．closely B．directly C．nervously D．freely 10．A．professional B．awkward C．simple D．practical 11．A．difficult B．complex C．happy D．similar 12．A．grateful B．surprised C．convinced D．regretful 13．A．reflect upon B．go through C．ask about D．prepare for 14．A．unemployment B．health C．education D．communication 15．A．come true B．come round C．come out D．come alive [语篇解读]　本文讲述了作者从奶奶口中了解到过去的故事，从而增强了对现在幸福生活的感知能力，弘扬感恩之心、聚焦启智润心、铸魂育人。 1．B　[考查名词词义辨析。sitting room客厅；kitchen厨房；yard院子；dining hall餐厅。结合“help my grandmother wash dishes”可知，作者是帮助奶奶洗碗，所以是在厨房(kitchen)。] 2．A　[考查介副词短语辨析。as always像往常一样；by the way顺便说一句；for example例如；here and now此时此刻。由下文讲述奶奶讲故事的内容可知，这是奶奶经常做的事情，因此选择“as always”符合语境。] 3．D　[考查动词词义辨析。adjusted调整；promoted提升；achieved取得；experienced经历。结合上下文可知，作者奶奶经历了与作者完全不同的童年生活。] 4．B　[考查名词词义辨析。work工作；school学校；court法庭；press出版社。由上下文可知，作者奶奶童年没有上学机会。] 5．A　[考查动词词义辨析。favored偏爱；tolerated容忍；trusted信任；acknowledged承认。在典型的家庭中，男孩往往比女孩受到更多的偏爱(favored)。] 6．D　[考查名词词义辨析。gardening园艺；homework家庭作业；business生意；housework家务。结合上下文可知，奶奶当时需要留在家里做家务。] 7．B　[考查动词词义辨析。exercise锻炼；study学习；explore探索；teach教。结合上下文可知，奶奶唯一能学习(study)的机会是通过旁听她哥哥的课。] 8．C　[考查名词词义辨析。food食物；guests客人；lessons课；tea茶。由上下文可知，这里指的是奶奶、哥哥和家庭教师一起上课(lessons)。] 9．A　[考查副词词义辨析。closely仔细地；directly直接地；nervously紧张地；freely自由地。结合上下文可知，奶奶会静静地坐在餐桌的远端仔细地听(closely)。] 10．D　[考查形容词词义辨析。professional专业的；awkward尴尬的；simple简单的；practical实用的。结合上下文可知，这项技能在他们分享报纸时显得非常实用(practical)。] 11．C　[考查形容词词义辨析。difficult困难的；complex复杂的；happy快乐的；similar相似的。结合上下文可知，作者的童年和奶奶的童年相比是快乐的。] 12．A　[考查形容词词义辨析。grateful感激的；surprised惊讶的；convinced确信的；regretful遗憾的。结合上下文可知，作者感激(grateful)自己没有经历过像奶奶那样的艰辛。] 13．B　[考查动词短语辨析。reflect upon反思；go through经历；ask about询问；prepare for准备。结合上下文可知，作者没有经历过(go through)像奶奶那样的艰辛。] 14．C　[考查名词词义辨析。unemployment失业；health健康；education教育；communication交流。结合上下文可知，作者从未面临过教育(education)问题。] 15．D　[考查动词短语辨析。come true成真；come round苏醒；come out出现；come alive变得生动。结合上下文可知，奶奶的故事总是让作者的历史课本变得生动起来(come alive)。] ◆素材积累 (一)由文本积累主题词块 1．a family dinner　家庭晚餐　 2．serious talk　认真交谈　 3．leave alone　不理，不烦扰，不干涉　 4．different childhood lifestyle　不同的童年生活方式　 5．at the far end of　在……的尽头　 6．upside down　颠倒；倒转；翻转　 7．turned out to be　证明是　 8．childhood background 　童年背景　 (二)由文本积累阅读词汇 1．dish n．　盘，碟；(待洗的)餐具　 2．lifestyle n．　生活方式　 3．typical adj．　典型的　 4．seize v．　抓住　 5．hardship n．　艰难，困苦　 6．awkward adj．　尴尬的　 (三)由文本辨熟词生义(将词义对应的字母填到横线上) 1．share A．一份　　B．市场占有率　C．股票　D．股份 ①Our company claims a 65 percent market share for cars．　 B 　 ②Please let me take a share in the expense．　 A 　 2．press A．重压　　　B．逼迫　　　C．压榨 D．出版社 E．报刊杂志 ①She pressed grapes to make grape juice． 　 C 　 ②Anxiety presses heavily on me． 　 A 　 ③These men believed in journalism as a calling, and were proud to be published in the daily press．　 E 　 ④The number of publications printed by presses increases every year． 　 D 　 ◆长句缩写 1．While the adults were busy with their serious talk outside, I was left alone in the kitchen to help my grandmother wash dishes． [句式剖析]　请将句中的“枝叶”(名词短语、介词短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从句)去掉，留下“主干”(主谓宾或主系表)。 (While the adults were busy with their serious talk outside), I was left (alone) (in the kitchen)to help(my) grandmother wash dishes． [句子缩写]　　I was left to help grandmother wash dishes．　 (不超过10个单词) 2．Like in typical families, where boys were favored much more than girls, my grandma had to stay at home to do housework． [句式剖析]　请将句中的“枝叶”(名词短语、介词短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从句)去掉，留下“主干”(主谓宾或主系表)。 (Like in typical families, boys were favored much more than girls), (my) grandma had to stay (at home) to do housework． [句子缩写]　　Grandma had to stay to do housework． 　(不超过10个单词) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $