Unit 3 Careers and skills一-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第四册（译林版）

高中译林版 【选择性必修第四册】 Unit 3 Careers and skills 职业与技能 【Unit3】Careers and skills 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 salary/'saelari/n.薪金，薪水 prejudice/'pred3udsn.偏见，收入；收据 labour/'leiba(r)/(AmE labor)n.成见 commercial/ka'm3:/adj.商业 劳工，劳动：（尤指）体力劳动：lawyer/lbj)/n.律师 的，贸易的：盈利的：商业性的 分娩期，分娩：vi.努力做：干 servant./'s3:vant/n.雇员，职员；weekly/'wi:kli/ad.每周的；adv. 苦力活：labour force(全公司或仆人 每周地：n.周报，周刊 全国的劳动力 public/'pAblik/n.公务员，公仆monthly/'mnθli/adj.每月的： *gear/ga(r)/t.使适合于；n.consultant /kan'sAltant/n.顾问：adv.每个月：n.月刊 排挡，齿轮，传动装置 会诊医师 budget/'bAd3t/n.预算 earn a living谋生 clerk /kla:k/n.职员，簿记员，put sth on the line让.处于危 attain'tem/t.获得；达到 文书 险之中 *endeavour/m'deva(r)/(AmE receptionist/rm'sepfanIst/n.接待loan/Iaon/n.贷款，借款；借出； endeavor)i.努力，尽力：n.努员 t.借出，贷与：（尤指钱） 力，尝试 respective /rI'spektrv/adj.分别client/'klarant/n.客户，委托人 passion/'pe/n.酷爱；强烈情的，各自的 detective/d'tektrv/n.侦探，警 感 zone/z3o/n.地区；区域：com-探 fond /fond/adj..喜爱：be fond of fort zone舒适区，放松区 detective work调查工作，研究 喜爱 operate/'DpareIt/t.经营，使运工作 anticipate/aen'trsIpert/.t.预料；行：vi.运转；工作；经营，营业subjective/sab'd3ektiv/adj..主 预计 hire/haIe(r)/t.&vi.聘用，雇观的 *status quo/'steitas'kwa/现用；租用：n.新雇员；租借directory /d'rektari,dar'rektari/ 状，原来的状况 leadership'li:dep/n.领导应n.名录，电话号码簿，公司名录 superior/u:pIaria(r)/adj.更好有的品质：领导地位 plug /plAg/n.插头，插座；堵塞， 的，占优势的：n.级别（或地位、weigh up权衡，斟酌 封堵t.补足；供给 职位)更高的人 receipt /rI'sit/n.收到的款项， 词义辨析及同义替换 高中译林版 【选择性必修第四册】 Unit 3 Careers and skills 1.salary/'saelari/n.薪金，薪水 词义辨析： salary:指按月、季度或年度发放的固定工资，通常用于脑力劳动者或专业人士，如教师、律师 等。 wage:指按小时、日或周发放的工资，多用于体力劳动者，如工厂工人、服务员等，常用复数 形式wages。. 同义替换： pay,income 例句： Her monthly salary is enough to cover the rent and living expenses. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习） The company offers a competitiveand good benefits for this position. A.wage B.salary C.money (答案：B) 2.labour/'leba)/n.劳工，劳动；vi.努力做 词义辨析： labour:作名词时，可指“体力劳动”或“劳工（总称）”；作动词时强调“辛苦劳作”。 wok:泛指各种形式的劳动或工作，含义最广泛，可作名词或动词。 同义替换： work,toil 例句： Farmers often labour in the fields from dawn till dusk. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第四册单元测试） It takes a lot of to build a house,including both physical and mental effort. A.labour B.job C.task (答案：A) 3.attain/'ten/vt.获得：达到 词义辨析： atan:指通过努力、技能或奋斗达到目标或获得成就，正式用语，常搭配“目标、地位、理想” 等词。 achieve:侧重通过持续努力实现预期目标，可与attain互换，但更强调结果。 同义替换： achieve,gain 高中译林版 【选择性必修第四册】 Unit 3 Careers and skills 例句： She finally attained her dream of becoming a lawyer after years of hard work. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第四册期中复习题） With determination and perseverance,anyone can success in their career A.attain B.arrive C.reach (答案：A) 4.endeavour/in'deva/vi.&n.努力，尽力 词义辨析： endeavour:正式用语，强调“为达成目标而付出的认真努力”，可作动词或名词。 ty:普通用词，指尝试做某事，不一定有明确目标，侧重过程。 同义替换： try,strive 例句： We must endeavour to solve this problem before the deadline. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习） Scientists have been to find a cure for this disease for many years. A.endeavouring B.managing C.failing (答案：A) 5.anticipate/en'tisipert/t.预料；预计 词义辨析： anticipate:指“提前预料到某事并做好准备”，强调心理上的预期和准备。 expect:侧重“认为某事会发生”，语气较平淡，不一定有准备。 同义替换： expect,foresee 例句： The company anticipated the increase in demand and prepared more products in advance 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第四册期末测试） We that the project will be completed by the end of this year. A.anticipate B.doubt C.ignore (答案：A) 3 高中译林版 【选择性必修第四册】 Unit 3 Careers and skills 6.superior/su:'piaria()/adj.更好的：n.上级 词义辨析： superior:作形容词时，指“质量、级别等优于…”，后接介词to;作名词时指“上级、长官”。 better:普通用词，侧重“更优秀、更好”，可用于比较级，后接than。 同义替换： better,higher-ranking 例句： This brand of smartphone is superior to others in terms of battery life. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第四册单元测试） As an employee,you should report your work to your _regularly. A.superior B.colleague C.subordinate (答案：A) 7.hire/'haar)/vt.聘用；租用 词义辨析： hire:指短期“聘用人员”或“租用物品”，口语中使用较多。 employ:正式用语，指长期“雇用员工”，强调建立雇佣关系。 同义替换： employ,rent 例句： The company plans to hire five new engineers next month. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习） We need to a car for our trip to the countryside this weekend. A.hire B.buy C.borrow (答案：A) &.respective /rI'spektrv/adj.分别的，各自的 词义辨析： respective:强调“各自的、分别的”，用于修饰名词，通常与复数名词连用，指两个或多个事物 “各自对应的”。 separate:侧重“分开的、独立的”，指物理上或概念上不相连。 同义替换： individual,separate 例句： After the meeting,the two leaders returned to their respective offices. 4 高中译林版 【选择性必修第四册】 Unit 3 Careers and skills 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第四册期中复习题） The students went back to their classrooms after the assembly. A.respective B.same C.common (答案：A) 9.operate/'DpareIt/vt.经营；i.运转 词义辨析： operate:作及物动词时指“经营、管理（企业、机器等）”；作不及物动词时指“运转、工作”。 1u:含义更广，可指“经营、管理”，也可指“开动机器、运行程序”，口语中更常用。 同义替换： run,manage 例句： The company operates three factories in different cities 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第四册期末测试） This machine smoothly if you follow the instructions. A.operates B.breaks C.stops (答案：A) l0.receipt /r'sit/n.收据；收入 词义辨析： receipt::指“收据、收条”，或“收到的款项、收入”，尤指商业交易中的凭证或收益。 invoice::指“发票”，是卖方向买方开具的付款要求，通常包含详细交易信息。 同义替换： bill,income 例句： Please keep the receipt in case you need to return the product. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习） The store will not accept returns without a. A.receipt B.menu C.ticket (答案：A) 11.loan/1am/n.贷款；t.借出 5 高中译林版 【选择性必修第四册】 Unit 3 Careers and skills 词义辨析： lo:指“贷款、借款”，可作名词或动词，银行或个人借出款项时常用。 borrow: 指“借入”，主语是“借入者”，搭配borrow sth from sb。 同义替换： lend,borrowing 例句： He applied for a loan from the bank to buy a new house. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第四册单元测试） Can you me your dictionary for a few minutes? A.loan B.borrow C.return (答案：A) 12.subjective/sab'd3ektv/adj.主观的 词义辨析： subjective:指“主观的、个人感受的”，基于个人观点而非客观事实。 objective::指“客观的、基于事实的”，反义词是subjective。 同义替换： personal,one-sided 例句： Art appreciation is often subjective,different people have different opinions 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第四册期中复习题） A good journalist should report news in an way,not a subjective one. A.objective B.subjective C.personal (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The company offers a competitive and good benefits for this position. A.wage B.salary 6 高中译林版 【选择性必修第四册】 Unit 3 Careers and skills C.money 2.It takes a lot of to build a house,including both physical and mental effort. A.labour B.job C.task 3.With determination and perseverance,anyone can success in their career A.attain B.arrive C.reach 4.Scientists have been to find a cure for this disease for many years. A.endeavouring B.managing C.failing 5.We that the project will be completed by the end of this year A.anticipate B.doubt C.ignore 6.As an employee,you should report your work to your regularly. A.superior B.colleague C.subordinate 7.We need to a car for our trip to the countryside this weekend. A.hire B.buy C.borrow 8.The students went back to their classrooms after the assembly A.respective B.same C.common 9.This machine smoothly if you follow the instructions A.operates B.breaks C.stops 10.The store will not accept returns without a A.receipt 7 高中译林版 【选择性必修第四册】Unit3 Careers and skills B.menu C.ticket 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.Employees in this company receive a monthly srather than daily wages. 2.Farmers often 1 in the fields from dawn till dusk during harvest season. 3.After years of hard work,she finally a her goal of becoming a doctor. 4.We must e to solve this environmental problem before it's too late. 5.The team a the challenges ahead and prepared a detailed plan. 6.This new model is sto the old one in terms of performance and durability. 7.The company plans to hthree new engineers to expand its research team. 8.After the meeting,the managers returned to their r departments to implement the plan 9.Please keep the r as proof of purchase for future returns or exchanges. 10.He applied for a lfrom the bank to start his own business. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 l.She is proud to have」 (attain)her dream of studying abroad after years of effort. 2.We should (endeavour)to improve our communication skills in the workplace. 3.The company (operate)five branches across the country and plans to expand further. 4.Art appreciation is highly (subjective),as different people have different tastes. 5.The manager_ (anticipate)the increase in demand and ordered more stock in advance. 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.这家公司为员工提供有竞争力的薪水和良好的福利。 The company provides employees with a competitive and good benefits 2.只有通过持续努力，我们才能实现既定目标。 Only through continuous effort can we our set goals. 8 高中译林版 【选择性必修第四册】 Unit 3 Careers and skills 3.科学家们正努力寻找治疗这种罕见疾病的方法。 Scientists are to find a cure for this rare disease. 4.他预料到市场需求会上升，因此提前增加了产量。 He the rise in market demand and increased production in advance 5.作为团队成员，你应该定期向你的上级汇报工作进展。 As a team member,you should report your work progress to your regularly. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 In today's competitive job market,finding a position with a stable(1) (salary/wage)and good benefits is a common goal.Many people (2)(labour/work)hard to attain higher education and professional skills to stand out.For example,Maria,a young engineer,has been (3) (endeavouring/trying)to improve her technical abilities by taking advanced courses.She believes that with perseverance,she can (4)(attain/achieve)her career goals. Maria's company(5)(operates/runs)several factoriesnationwide and values employee growth. Her(6)(superior/colleague),Mr.Smith,often encourages her to take on challenging projects. Last month,Maria led a team to solve a production issue.She(7)(anticipated/expected)poten- tial problems and prepared solutions in advance,which ensured the project's success.The company was satisfied with her performance and provided her with a bonus,which she used as a down payment for a house after applying for a(8)(loan/borrow)from the bank Reflecting on her joumney,Maria says,"Success requires continuous(9) (labour/work)and the courage to face challenges.Every small step brings you closer to your goals." 参考答案 I单项选择 1.B2.A3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.salary 2.labour 3.attained 4.endeavour 5.anticipated 6.superior 7.hire 8.respec- tive 9.receipt 10.loan ⅡL.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.attained 2.endeavour 3.operates 4.subjective 5.anticipated 9 高中译林版 【选择性必修第四册】 Unit 3 Careers and skills V.完成句子 1.salary 2.attain/achieve 3.endeavouring/striving 4.anticipated 5.superior V.语篇填空 1.salary 2.labour 3.endeavouring 4.attain 5.operates 6.superior 7.anticipated 8.loan 9.labour 10