Unit 2 The Universal Language二-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第一册（译林版）

高中选择性必修第一册译林版 【Unit2】D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 Unit 2 【Unit2】The Universal Language 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 高中选择性必修第一册译林版 【Umit2】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 greet/gri:t/vt.问候，欢迎，招呼…伴奏 沮丧：使萧条，使不景气 get down to(doing))sth开始做expectation/.ekspek'tenn.希upset/.Ap'set/adj.难过的，失望 某事，开始认真注意（或对待）望，盼望；预料，预期；期望，的；IAp'sett.(upset,upset)使 某事 指望 烦恼：搅乱；打翻 suitable/'su:tabl;'sju:tabl//adj.remarkable /r'ma:kabl/adj.非possess/p3'zest.具有（特质）； 合适的，适宜的，适当的 凡的，奇异的，显著的，引人注拥有：支配，控制 recording /r'ko:d/h.录音，视目的 abandon/a'baendan/t.中止，放 频：录制：记录，记载 stream/stri:m/wi.&t.鱼贯而弃，不再有；抛弃；舍弃 distant/distant/adj.遥远的，远行，涌动，流，流动；n.小溪；all of a sudden突然，猛地 处的，久远的：冷淡的：远亲的（人）流，（车）流 *orchestra/kIstra/m.管弦乐 volume/'vplju:m/n.音量，响度；enthusiastic /in.ju:zi'aestIk/adj.队 体积，容积，容量：量，额 热情的，热心的 desperate/'desparat/adj.绝望的： stare/stes(r)/vi.盯着看，凝视，handkerchief /'haenkatfif,不惜冒险的：极其需要的：极严 注视：n.盯，凝视，注视 henkartfif/n.(pl.handkerchiefs重的 breath /bree/h.呼吸，吸气， or handkerchieves))手帕，纸巾uplifting/,Ap'lft/adj.令人振 次吸入的空气：微量，迹象 vast /va:st/adj.大量的，辽阔的，奋的，鼓舞人心的 unusual/n'ju:3ual/adj.特别的，巨大的 ease /i:zn.容易，轻舒：舒适， 不寻常的：独特的，与众不同的gifted/'grftId/adj..有才华的，有安逸：i.&t.(使)宽慰，减轻 grab/greb/t.&vi.吸引；抓住，天赋的 genius/d3 i:nias/n.天赋，天资； 赶紧，抓紧 reputation/,repju'tejn/m.名誉，天才 sweep /swi:p/wt.&vi.(swept,名声 variation/.veari'eIn/m.变奏，变 swept)席卷，横扫，猛扫：吹奏brilliant/briliant/adj.聪颖的，奏曲：变化，变更：变体，变种 disc/dsk/(AmE disk)n.唱片：技艺高的：巧妙的：很成功的；chorus/k3Iesn.合唱曲：副歌： 光碟，光盘：圆盘，圆片 明亮的 合唱团 complicated/'komplikertid/adj.prediction/pri'dikfn/n.预言，预grand/graend/adj.宏大的，宏伟 复杂的，难懂的 测 的：壮丽的，堂皇的 *lane /lemn/m.(乡间)小路；小巷；extraordinary/k'str:dnri/adj.*finale/fi'na:li/m.末乐章，终场， 车道；跑道 不寻常的，非凡的：意想不到结局：结尾 accompany /s'kAmpani/t.陪同，的，令人惊奇的 *rhythm/'ridam/m.节奏，韵律； 陪伴；伴随，与…同时发生；为depress /di'pres/t.使抑郁，使律动：规律 词义辨析及同义替换 1.suitable/'su:tabl,'sju:tabl/adj.合适的，适宜的，适当的 词义辨析： suitable:强调与特定目的、场合或条件“匹配、适宜”，语气较正式，常用搭配be suitable for/to。 t:侧重指身体或物体“适合、能胜任”，也可指资格、条件等符合要求，口语中更常用，搭配 be fit for。. 同义替换： 2 高中选择性必修第一册译林版 【Unit2】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 fit,appropriate 例句： This book is suitable for high school students. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习） The dress is not for a formal wedding A.suitable B.fit C.comfortable (答案：A) 2.abandon/baendan/t.中止，放弃，不再有；抛弃；舍弃 词义辨析： abandon: 指因困难或绝望而“彻底放弃”，或“抛弃”某人/某物，含主动放弃的意味。 give up:短语动词，侧重“停止努力、放弃尝试”，后接名词或动名词，口语中更常用。 同义替换： give up,desert 例句： He had to abandon his plan due to lack of money. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第一册单元检测） Never your dreams,and they may come true one day A.abandon B.give in C.put off(答案：A) 3.vast /va:st/aj.大量的，辽阔的，巨大的 词义辨析： vast:侧重指面积、数量或程度“广阔、巨大”，常修饰空间、土地、数量等，如vast land,vast ocean。 huge:强调体积、规模或程度“庞大、极大”，可修饰具体事物或抽象概念，如huge building,huge pressure。 同义替换： huge,enormous 例句： A vast crowd gathered to watch the parade. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第一册期中复习题） The company has made a_amount of money this year. A.vast B.big C.large (答案：A) 4.brilliant/'briliant/adj.聪颖的，技艺高的：巧妙的；很成功的；明亮的 词义辨析： brilliant:指人“才华横溢的”、事物“卓越的”或光线“明亮的”，语气强烈，强调“非凡的才 能或成就”。 clever:侧重“聪明、机灵”，指思维敏捷、善于解决问题，语气较日常。 高中选择性必修第一册译林版 【Unit2】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： clever,outstanding 例句： She is a brilliant musician and has won many awards 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习） The scientist made a discovery that changed the world. A.brilliant B.clever C.smart (答案：A) 5.desperate/desparat/.adj.绝望的；不惜冒险的：极其需要的：极严重的 词义辨析： desperate:指因绝望而“不顾一切的”，或“极度渴望/需要”某物，含消极或紧迫的意味。 ager:侧重“热切的、渴望的”，指对某事充满期待，含积极意味。 同义替换： eager,urgent 例句： He was desperate for help after losing his job. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第一册单元检测） The team made a attempt to win the game in the last minute. A.desperate B.eager C.willing (答案：A) 6.p0 ssess /p3'zst.具有（特质）；拥有；支配，控制 词义辨析： possess:正式用语，指“拥有”某物（财产、能力等）或“具有”某种品质，主语多为人。 owm:强调法律上或事实上“拥有、占有”某物，口语和书面语均常用。 同义替换： own,have 例句： She possesses a great talent for music 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第一册期末复习题） He a large house in the countryside A.possesses B.owns C.holds (答案：B) 7.upset/Ap'set/adj.难过的，失望的；/Ap'sett.(upset,upset)使烦恼；搅乱；打翻 词义辨析： upst(ad.):指因意外或不愉快的事感到“难过、祖丧”，侧重情绪上的不安。 sa:泛指“悲伤的、难过的”，程度可深可浅，语气较平和。 同义替换： sad,disappointed 高中选择性必修第一册译林版 【Unit2】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 例句： She was upset about failing the exam. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习） My mother was when she heard the bad news. A.upset B.angry C.excited (答案：A) 8.all of a sudden突然，猛地 词义辨析： all of a sudden: 强调动作或事件“瞬间发生”，无预警，在句中作状语。 suddenly:副词，含义与all of a sudden相近，但更简洁，可置于句首、句中或句末。 同义替换： suddenly,unexpectedly 例句： All of a sudden,the lights went out. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第一册单元练习） a dog ran out from behind the tree A.All of a sudden B.At once C.In time (答案：A) 9.enthusiastic/m,ju:zi'estIk/adj.热情的，热心的 词义辨析： enthusiastic:指对某事“充满热情的、极感兴趣的”，常搭配be enthusiastic about。 passionate:侧重“强烈的情感、激情”，语气比enthusiastic更强，如passionate love。 同义替换： passionate,eager 例句： The students are enthusiastic about English learning. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习） He is _about playing basketball and practices every day. A.enthusiastic B.interested C.fond(答案：A) 10.expectation/,ekspek'teu/h.希望，盼望；预料，预期；期望，指望 词义辨析： expectation:指对未来的“期望、期待”，常搭配meet/live up to expectations(达到期望)。 hope:指对某事发生的“希望、愿望”，更侧重主观的期待，可作动词或名词。 同义替换： hope,anticipation 例句： Her parents have high expectations for her future. 高中选择性必修第一册译林版 【Umit2】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第一册期中检测） We have great that the project will succeed. A.expectations B.hopes C.wishes (答案：A) ll.reputation/,repju'ten/m.名誉，名声 词义辨析： reputation:指公众对某人/某物的“评价、名声”，可好可坏，搭配have a good/bad reputation。 fame:侧重因成就或特长而“闻名、fame”,多为正面含义，语气比reputation更强。 同义替换： fame,name 例句： The school has a good reputation for its excellent teaching. 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第一册期末复习题) The artist gained international after his first exhibition A.reputation B.fame C.honor(答案：B) 12.remarkable /r'na:kabl/adj.非凡的，奇异的，显著的，引人注目的 词义辨析： remarkable:指因“不寻常、卓越”而“引人注目”，强调“值得注意”，如remarkable achievement。 notable:侧重“显著的、值得关注的”，语气较正式，如notable event。. 同义替换： notable,extraordinary 例句： She made a remarkable progress in her studies 真题链接：（译林版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习） The invention has had a impact on modern life. A.remarkable B.important C.great(答案：A) 13.genius/'d3 i:niss/n.天赋，天资：天才 词义辨析： genius::指“非凡的天赋”或“天才人物”，强调超出常人的才能，如a musical genius 综合演练 6 高中选择性必修第一册译林版 【Umit2】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.This movie is not for young children because it contains violent scenes. A.suitable B.fit C.comfortable 2.The team had to their plan to climb the mountain due to the sudden storm. A.abandon B.give up C.desert 3.The desert stretched as far as the eye could see under the hot sun. A.vast B.huge C.large 4.Marie Curie was a scientist who discovered radium and changed the world of medicine. A.brilliant B.clever C.smart 5.After waiting for hours without any news,the lost hiker became for water and help. A.desperate B.eager C.urgent 6.My grandfather has acollection of ancient coins from different countries. A.vast B.huge C.big 7.The musician played a beautiful piece on the piano,leaving the audience amazed. A.brilliant B.clever C.outstanding 8.All of a sudden,the wind and the rain began to pour heavily. A.rose B.raised C.lifted > 高中选择性必修第一册译林版 【Unit2】D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 9.She is」 about painting and spends every weekend in her studio creating new works. A.enthusiastic B.eager C.passionate 10.The company's new product has lived up to customers'_ and sold out within a week A.expectations B.hopes C.wishes 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.The hotel has a good r for its excellent service and clean rooms 2.It's d to drive so fast on icy roads-you might lose control of the car. 3.The scientist made a r breakthrough in cancer research,which will save millions of lives. 4.He p a strong sense of responsibility and always finishes his work on time. 5.The little girl felt u when her best friend moved to another city. 6.The team made a d attempt to score a goal in the final minute of the game. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.She is a (brilliant)actress who has won several international awards. 2.The (vast)of the ocean surprised the young sailor who had never seen the sea before. 3.After losing his job,he was(desperate)for any opportunity to support his family. 4.The company (possess)advanced technology that gives it an advantage over competitors. 5.He felt(upset)when he heard the news that his flight was canceled. 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.这家餐厅不适合举办大型宴会，因为空间太小了。 This restaurant is not holding large banquets because the space is too small. 2.尽管遇到了很多困难，他从未放弃过成为一名医生的梦想。 Despite facing many difficulties,he never his dream of becoming a doctor. P 高中选择性必修第一册译林版 【Umit2】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 3.她拥有非凡的记忆力，能记住十年前发生的小事。 She an memory and can remember small things that happened ten years ago 4.学生们对即将到来的运动会充满热情，正在积极准备。 The students are the upcoming sports meeting and are preparing actively. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Jane is a (brilliant/clever)student who always gets top grades in her class. She (possesses/owns)a natural talent for math and science,and her teachers have high (expectations/hopes)for her future.Last year,Jane decided to join the school science com- petition.At first,she was(desperate/eager)to win,but she soon realized that the project was more challenging than she thought.She almost wanted to(abandon/give up),but her teacher encouraged her to keep trying.With her teacher's help,Jane worked day and night.She conducted (vast/huge)amounts of research and finally developed a new model for energy conservation. Her invention was(remarkable/notable),and she won first prize in the competition.Now,Jane is even more (enthusiastic/passionate)about science.She says,"Never let difficulties stop you- (all of a sudden/suddenly),you might find that success is just around the corner." 参考答案 I单项选择 1.A2.A3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A Ⅱ根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.reputation 2.desperate 3.remarkable 4.possesses 5.upset 6.desperate L.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.brilliant 2.vastness 3.desperate 4.possesses 5.upset V.完成句子 1.suitable for 2.abandoned/abandon 3.possesses,extraordinary 4.enthusiastic about V.语篇填空 1.brilliant 2.possesses 3.expectations 4.eager 5.abandon 6.vast 7remarkable 8.em- thusiastic 9.suddenly 9