Unit 2 Lessons in life一-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第四册（外研版）

高中外研版 【选择性必修第四册】 Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲 高中专版 【Unit2】Lessons in life 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 be reunited with(使)重聚（常物 句 用短语) abnormal/eb'nml/adj.不正cooperate /kau'DpareIt//v.合作， weaken/'wikn/v.(使)虚弱 常的，反常的 协作 pessimistic/pesI'mistik/adj.悲widespread/wadspred/adj.广fee/fi:/n.工作酬金，服务费 观的，悲观主义的 泛流传的 university fees大学学费 anticipate/en'trsipert//V.预期，recognition/,rekag'nin/n.承认，outstretched/,aut'stretJ/adj.张 预料 认可 开的，伸开的 possession /p3zejn/n.财产，财phrase /frerz/n.成语，习语：警cram /kraem/v.挤满 词义辨析及同义替换 1.weaken/wi:kan/V.(使)虚弱 词义辨析： weaken:强调”使体力、力量或效果减弱”，既可指身体虚弱，也可指抽象事物（如权力、信念） 变弱。 weaken vs.fade:fade侧重'逐渐消失或褪色”，如声音、颜色等：weaken侧重'强度或能力下 降”。 同义替换： enfeeble,reduce,impair 例句： The long illness weakened his body. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习） Lack of exercise and poor diet will your immune system over time A.weaken B.strengthen C.balance(答案：A) 2.pessimistic/,pes'mIstik/adj.悲观的，悲观主义的 词义辨析： 高中外研版 【选择性必修第四册】 Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲 pessimistic:指对未来或结果持消极态度，认为坏事更可能发生，反义词是optimistic。 pessimistic vs.negative:.negative侧重'否定的、消极的'，可指态度或言论；pessimistic更强调 对未来的悲观预期。 同义替换： gloomy,cynical,despondent 例句： She is pessimistic about the chances of winning the game. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册单元检测） Despite the difficulties,he remained and never gave up hope A.pessimistic B.optimistic C.realistic (答案：B) 3.anticipate/en'tisipert/v.预期，预料 词义辨析： anticipate:指'提前预料并做好准备”，语气比expect更主动，常接动名词(anticipate doing)。 anticipate vs.expect:.expect侧重'认为某事会发生”，后接不定式(expect to do):anticipate强 调”预见并提前应对”。 同义替换： foresee,predict,look forward to 例句： We anticipate meeting some challenges during the project 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册期中测试） The company a 10%increase in sales next year,so it is expanding production. A.anticipates B.doubts C.ignores(答案：A) 4.possession /p3'zen/n.财产，财物 词义辨析： possession:指个人拥有的”财产、财物”，常用复数形式(possessions),也可指'拥有权”。 possession vs.property:property侧重”不动产（如土地、房屋)”或”财产总称'；possessions侧 重”个人随身财物”。 同义替换： belongings,assets,goods 例句： She lost all her possessions in the fire. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习） After the earthquake,many people were left with no and had to stay in shelters. A.possessions B.promises C.purposes (答案：A) 5.abnormal/eb'n3ml/adj.不正常的，反常的 2 高中外研版 【选择性必修第四册】 Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： abnormal:指’与正常情况或标准偏离’，常用于描述生理、行为或现象的异常，反义词是normal。. abnormal vs.unusual::unusual侧重罕见的、不常见的”，不一定含贬义；abnormal强调'不符合 常规，可能有问题。 同义替换： unusual,irregular,deviant 例句： The test results showed some abnormal changes in his blood 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册单元检测） It is for a child of three to speak fluent English,so we need to check his development. A.abnormal B.normal C.common(答案：A) 6.widespread/waIdspred/adj.广泛流传的 词义辨析： widespread:指”分布广、普及范围大”，可用于描述现象、观点或疾病等。 widespread vs.common::common侧重”常见的、普遍的”'；widespread强调'覆盖范围广”。 同义替换： prevalent,extensive,universal 例句： There is widespread concern about the environment problem. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册期末测试） The new policy has gained support from the public because it helps reduce pollution A.widespread B.limited C.personal (答案：A) 7.recognition/,rekag'nifn/n.承认，认可 词义辨析： recognition:指”对某人或事物的认可、承认”，可用于个人成就、身份或事实的确认。 recognition vs.approval:approval侧重”同意、批准”，常指上级对下级或权威对行为的认可： ecognition侧重”正式承认其价值或地位”。 同义替换： acknowledgment,acceptance,appreciation 例句： Her contributions to science finally gained international recognition 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习） The artist worked hard for years and finally received the she deserved. A.recognition B.invitation C.explanation(答案：A) 8.cooperate /kav'Dpareit/.v.合作，协作 3 高中外研版 【选择性必修第四册】 Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： cooperate:指”为共同目标而合作”，常与with连用(cooperate with sb.)。 cooperate vs.collaborate:collaborate侧重”学术、艺术等领域的合作”，语气更正式：cooperate可 用于日常或正式场合。 同义替换： collaborate,work together,team up 例句： The two companies decided to cooperate on the new project. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册单元检测） To complete the task on time,we need to closely with each other. A.cooperate B.compete C.compare(答案：A) 9.fee/fi/:n.工作酬金，服务费 词义辨析： fee:指”专业服务（如医生、律师、学校）的费用”，如学费、手续费等，可数名词。 fee vs.cost:cost泛指”成本、花费”，不可数；fee侧重”为特定服务支付的费用”。 同义替换： charge,payment,tuition 例句： The university fees have increased by 10%this year. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习） You need to pay a small to join the club. A.feeB.fine C.fare(答案：A) l0.phrase /freiz/n.成语，习语：警句 词义辨析： phrase:指”短语、习语”，由多个词组成，表达特定含义，也可指”警句、名言”。 phrase vs.idiom:idiom特指”习语、成语”，含义固定且不能从字面理解：phrase泛指”短语”， 包括普通短语和习语。 同义替换： expression,saying,idiom 例句： "Break a leg"is a common English phrase meaning good luck 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册期中测试） The teacher asked us to learn the newby heart and use them in sentences. A.phrases B.letters C.symbols(答案：A) ll.outstretched/aot'stret/ad.张开的，伸开的 4 高中外研版 【选择性必修第四册】 Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： outstretched:强调'伸展到最大程度的'，常修饰手臂、翅膀等，如outstretched arms(张开的双 臂)。 outstretched vs.extended:extended侧重'延长的、扩展的'，可指时间或空间上的延伸：outstretched 侧重’动作上的伸展”。 同义替换： extended,stretched out,spread out 例句： She ran to her father with outstretched arms 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册单元检测） The bird flew away with itswings A.outstretched B.broken C.folded (答案：A) 12.cram/kraem/V.挤满 词义辨析： ctam:指”把…塞进、挤满'，强调空间狭小，人或物被紧紧塞满，常与into连用(cram into)。 cram vs.crowd:crowd侧重”聚集、挤满'，可指人或物自然聚集；cram强调'强行塞入，空间 拥挤”。 同义替换： pack,stuff,squeeze 例句： Students crammed into the classroom before the exam 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习） The small room was. with books and papers. A.crammed B.cleaned C.decorated (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The team's poor performance has_the coach's confidence in winning the championship. A.weakened B.faded C.improved 2.Despite the economic downturn,the CEO remains about the company's future development 高中外研版 【选择性必修第四册】 Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲 A.pessimistic B.optimistic C.negative 3.We facing financial difficulties next quarter,so we need to prepare a backup plan now. A.anticipate B.expect C.predict 4.After the flood,many families lost all their and had to start over with nothing A.possessions B.property C.assets 5.The doctor found some symptoms in the patient's test results and suggested further exami- nation A.abnormal B.unusual C.regular 6.The new environmental policy has received support from citizens across the country. A.widespread B.common C.limited 7.The scientist's research finally gained international after years of hard work. A.recognition B.approval C.acknowledgment 8.To solve the problem efficiently,all departments must closely with each other. A.cooperate B.collaborate C.compete 9.You need to pay a monthly to use the gym's facilities and equipment. A.fee B.cost C.fare 10.The teacher asked students to memorize the new and use them in daily conversations. A.phrases B.idioms C.expressions 6 高中外研版 【选择性必修第四册】 Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲 二、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.Lack of sleep will (俏削弱)your ability to concentrate on study. 2.She is (悲观的)about passing the exam because she didn't study hard. 3.The company (to launch its new product in the second half of this year. 4.All her personal (财物were destroyed in the fire last night. 5.It is (不正常的)for a baby to walk before the age of six months. 6.There is_(广泛的)concern about the spread of the new virus. 7.The artist finally received the()she deserved after her exhibition. 8.The two countries decided to()on environmental protection projects. 9.The for the summer camp includes accommodation and meals. l0.”Actions speak louder than words'”is a common English__（习语)， 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The long journey (weaken)her physically,and she needed a few days to rest 2.He is(pessimism)about the outcome of the project and refuses to invest more money. 3.The manager anticipates(meet)with the clients next week to discuss the contract. 4.She lost all her (possess)during the earthquake and became homeless. 5.The test results showed(abnormality)changes in his heart rate 6.The news caused(widespreadly)panic among the local people 7.Her (recognize)as a talented musician came after years of performance. 8.They agreed_ (cooperate)with the government to improve public services. 9.The university increased its (fee)by 15%this academic year 10.The English teacher asked us to translate the(phrase)into Chinese. 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.长期压力会削弱你的免疫系统。 Long-term stress will 7 高中外研版 【选择性必修第四册】 Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲 2.尽管困难重重，他从未对未来感到悲观。 Despite the difficulties,he never felt the future 3.我们预料到这个项目会遇到一些技术问题。 We some technical problems during the project. 4.他失去了所有财产，但仍然保持积极乐观的态度。 He lost all his but still remained 5.这种异常天气现象近年来变得越来越普遍。 This weather phenomenon has become more in recent years. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Climate change has (weaken)the stability of ecosystems around the world.Many scientists are (pessimistic)about the future if we don't take action immediately.Governments and orga- nizations (anticipate)working together to reduce carbon emissions.People are being advised to donate their unused(possession)to those in need instead of throwing them away. Some regions have reported (abnormal)high temperatures this summer,leading to (widespread)droughts.Environmentalists hope their efforts will gain international (recog- nize)and encourage more countries to(cooperate)on climate policies.Citizens are also asked to pay a small(fee)for plastic bag usage to reduce waste.As the old(phrase)goes,"A small action can make a big difference." 参考答案 I单项选择 1.A2B3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A IⅡ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.weaken 2.pessimistic 3.anticipates 4.possessions 5.abnormal 6.widespread 7.recognition 8.cooperate 9.fee 10.phrase I.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.weakened 2.pessimistic 3.meeting 4.possessions 5.abnormal 6.widespread 7.recognition 8.to cooperate 9.fees 10.phrases V.完成句子 8 高中外研版 【选择性必修第四册】 Unit2词义辨析及同义替换精讲 1.weaken your immune system 2.pessimistic about 3.anticipate meeting 4.possessions;optimistic 。 5.abnormal;widespread V.语篇填空 1.weakened 2.pessimistic 3.anticipate 4.possessions 5.abnormal 6.widespread 7.recognition 8.cooperate 9.fee 10.phrase