Unit 1 Growing up一-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第二册（外研版）

高中外研版 【精讲专版】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析及同义替换 精讲专版 【Unit1】Growing up 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 integrity/n'tegrati/n.正直诚实 tax/taeks/n.税 childhood/'tfarldhod/n.童年，儿 virtue/'tu:/n.美德 have a say有发言权 童时代 licence/'larsns/n.执照 behind the wheel在驾驶汽车 obey /a'ber/v.服从：遵守 loan/aon/n.(银行等的)贷款ambulance/'embjalans/n.救护subtle/'sAtl/adj.难以察觉的，微 adulthood/edAlthod/n.成年车 妙的 milestone"mailstoon/n.重大事legal/'Ii:gl/ad.合法的 gradual/'graedjual/adj.逐渐的， 件，里程碑 mature/m3'tar)/adj.成熟的，逐步的 election /I'lekfn/n.选举 明白事理的 selfish/self/adj.自私的 wage /weid3/n.(按小时、日或instantly/'mstantli//adv.立即，马organ donation器官捐献 周计算的)工资，薪金 上 词义辨析及同义替换 1.virtue/'v3tu/n.美德 词义辨析： vtue:指人天生具有的道德品质或通过修养形成的美德，强调行为准则和高尚品格，如诚信、 勇敢等。 morality:侧重指社会公认的道德规范和伦理体系，是抽象概念。 同义替换： goodness,merit 例句： Honesty is considered a important virtue in many cultures. 2.legal/'li:gl/adj.合法的 词义辨析： legal:指符合国家法律规定，受法律保护的，反义词为illegal。 lawful:强调“合乎法律条文的”，更正式，常用于书面语。 高中外研版 【精讲专版】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析及同义替换 同义替换： lawful,legitimate 例句： It is legal for adults to drive with a valid licence. 3.mature /m3'toa(r)/adj.成熟的，明白事理的 词义辨析： mature:既可指生理上“成熟的”，也可指心理或行为上“成熟的、理智的”，反义词为immature。 grown--p:仅指“成年的”，侧重年龄达到成熟阶段，口语化。 同义替换： adult,sensible 例句： A mature person should take responsibility for their actions. 4.gradual/'graedjusl/adj.逐渐的，逐步的 词义辨析： gradual:强调变化过程缓慢且持续，有阶段性，如gradual improvement(逐步改善)。 low:侧重速度慢，不一定有阶段性，如slow progress（缓慢进展)。 同义替换： steady,progressive 例句： There has been a gradual increase in the number of students choosing science subjects 5.instantly/'nstantli//adv.立即，马上 词义辨析： instantly:强调时间上“瞬间发生”，几乎没有延迟，语气比immediately更强。 immediately:指“立刻、马上”，时间间隔略长于instantly,使用更广泛。 同义替换： immediately,at once 例句： The driver stopped the car instantly when he saw the ambulance. 6.licence/'laIsns/n.执照 词义辨析： licence: 英式拼写，指官方颁发的允许从事某项活动的证明，如driving licence(驾照)。 license:美式拼写，词性和含义与licence相同。 同义替换： permit,certificate 2 高中外研版 【精讲专版】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析及同义替换 例句： You must have a valid driving licence before getting behind the wheel. 7.obey/'be/v.服从：遵守 词义辨析： obey:指“服从命令、遵守规则”，对象可以是人或规定，如obey the law(遵守法律)。 follow:含义更广，可指“跟随、遵循”，如follow instructions(按照指示做)，不一定有强制性。 同义替换： comply with,follow 例句： It is important for citizens to obey the traffic rules. 8.selfish/'selfi/adj.自私的 词义辨析： selfish:指只考虑自己利益，不顾他人，反义词为selfless。 self-centred:强调“以自我为中心”，凡事从自身角度出发，不一定有恶意。 同义替换： self-centred,inconsiderate 例句： A selfish person never cares about others'feelings. 9.milestone/'mailstaun/n.重大事件，里程碑 词义辨析： milestone:指人生或历史上具有标志性的重要事件，如graduation is a milestone in life(毕业是 人生的里程碑)。 event:泛指“事件”，可大可小，如sporting event(体育赛事)。 同义替换： landmark,turning point 例句： Getting a driver's licence is often seen as a milestone of adulthood. l0.wage /weid3/n.(按小时、日或周计算的)工资，薪金 词义辨析： wage:通常指体力劳动者的“时薪、日薪或周薪”，复数形式更常见。 salary:指脑力劳动者的“月薪或年薪”，按月发放，不可数名词。 同义替换： pay,earnings 例句： The workers are paid a weekly wage of 500 yuan. 高中外研版 【精讲专版】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析及同义替换 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.Honesty and courage are considered important_in many cultures. A.virtues B.morality C.goodness 2.According to the new policy,online education platforms must have a-business permit A.legal B.lawful C.legitimate 3.Aperson should understand the importance of responsibility and teamwork. A.grown-up B.mature C.sensible 4.There has been a-change in people's attitudes toward environmental protection over the past decade. A.slow B.gradual C.steady 5.The fire alarm rang,and everyoneleft the building immediately. A.instantly B.immediately C.at once 6.In the UK,drivers must carry a valid drivingwhile on the road A.license B.permit C.licence 7.All citizens have the duty to the laws and regulations of their country. A.follow B.obey C.comply with 8.A-person only thinks about his own needs and never cares about others. A.self-centred 4 高中外研版 【精讲专版】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析及同义替换 B.inconsiderate C.selfish 9.Graduation from university is often seen as a majorin one's life A.event B.milestone C.landmark 10.Factory workers in this area receive a weekly_of around 800 yuan. A.salary B.pay C.wage 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.Kindness and patience are important()that everyone should have. 2.Itis_(合法的)to park here with a valid parking ticket. 3.After years of hard work,he has become more()in both mind and behavior. 4.The number of tourists visiting the city has shown a(increase since last year. 5.The doctor()gave first aid to the injured child at the accident scene. 6.You need to apply for a fishing(before going fishing in this lake. 7.Students must (the school rules to maintain order. 8.It's(to take all the snacks without sharing with your siblings. 9.Winning the national competition was a_(里程a碑)in her sports career. 10.The company offers a monthly()of 5,000 yuan for this position 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.She has many good(virtue),such as honesty and generosity. 2.The new policy ensures that all businesses operate in a-(legal)way. 3.After the trip,the children became more(mature)and independent. 4.There has been a_(gradual)improvement in her English speaking skills. 5.The alarm bell rang,and the students_(instantly)rushed out of the classroom. J 高中外研版 【精讲专版】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析及同义替换 6.His driver's(licence)was suspended for drunk driving. 7.All team members must(obey)the captain's instructions during the match. 8.It was(selfish)of him to eat the whole cake without saving any for others. 9.The invention of the Internet is a(milestone)in the history of human civilization 10.The workers are demanding higher(wage)to cover the rising cost of living. 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.尊重长辈是中国传统文化中的一种重要_（美德） 2.没有（合法的)手续，你不能擅自使用公司的设备. 3.经过这次挫折，他变得更加_（成熟的）和有责任感 4.随着科技的发展，人们的生活方式正在发生（逐渐的变化. 5.听到呼救声，他（立即）跳入水中救起了那个溺水的男孩， 6.在大多数国家，驾驶汽车必须持有有效的驾驶（执照） 7.为了社会和谐，每个人都应该（遵守）公共道德规范， 8.他总是只考虑自己，从不关心别人，真是个（自私的）人 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Tom used to be an immature and selfish boy.He rarely helped others and often refused to_(1 obey/follow)his parents'advice.One day,his teacher told the class a story about a man with many (2 virtue/morality),who always put others first.This story touched Tom deeply. Over time,there was a(3 gradual/slow)change in Tom.He started sharing his things with classmates and helping his mom with housework.When his little sister fell down,he(4 in- stantly/immediately)ran to help her up.Last month,Tom passed his driving test and got his(5 licence/license),which he saw as a-(6 milestone/event)of growing up.His parents were proud of his progress,saying he had become a_(7 mature/grown-up)young man. Now,Tom understands that being(8 selfless/selfish)and responsible is more important than just thinking about himself.He plans to volunteer at an old people's home during the summer holiday, hoping to spread kindness and learn more about life. 6 高中外研版 【精讲专版】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析及同义替换 参考答案 I单项选择 1.A2.A3.B4.B5.A6.C7.B8.C9.B10.C Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.virtues 2.legal 3.mature 4.gradual 5.instantly 6.licence 7.obey 8.selfish 9mile- stone 10.salary ⅡL.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.virtues 2.legal 3.mature 4.gradual 5.instantly 6.licence 7.obey 8.selfish 9.mile- stone 10.wages V.完成句子 1.virtue 2.legal 3.mature 4.gradual 5.instantly 6.licence 7.obey 8.selfish V.语篇填空 1.obey 2.virtues 3.gradual 4.instantly 5.licence 6.milestone 7.mature 8.selfless 7