Unit 4 Breaking boundaries一-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第二册（外研版）

高中外研版 【Umit4】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析精讲 【Unit4】Breaking boundaries 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 boundary/baundri/n.分界线；tragic/'tred3k/adj.悲惨的，不disinfect/,disn'fekt/v.为… 边界 幸的 消毒，给…杀菌 statistic/ste'tstik/n.(一项)统Ebola/i'baule/,n.埃博拉病毒 outbreak/'autbreik/n.爆发，突 计数据 combat/'kombaet//v.防止，抑制然发生 assist/A'sIst/V.协助，帮助 relieve /rI'li:v/v.给（某人）换devotion/d'van/n.奉献 tackle/'tekl/v.处理，对付（难班 vomit./'vomt/n.呕吐物 题) specialist/'spefalist//n.专家 mir acle/'mrrakl/n.意外的幸运 iral/'vara/adj.极其重要的 infectious/m'fek∫es/adj.传染性事；奇迹 comrade/'kpmreid/n.同志：朋的 van/Wen/n.小型货车 友 clinic/'klmk/n.诊所；门诊部twin/twm/adj.双胞胎的 词义辨析及同义替换 1. assist/A'sIst/v.协助，帮助 词义辨析： assist:侧重”协助、辅助”，多指在他人指导下提供帮助，强调过程中的合作，常用搭配assist sb. in doing sth.assist sb.with sth.. help:含义最广，可指任何形式的帮助，口语和书面语通用，搭配help sb.to)do sth.或help sb. with sth.。 同义替换： help,aid 例句： The nurse assisted the doctor in performing the operation. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） Students should be encouraged to each other in their studies. A.assist B.refuse C.ignore (答案：A) 高中外研版 【Unit4】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析及同义替换精讲 2.tace/'takl/v.处理，对付（难题） 词义辨析： tackle:侧重”主动应对棘手问题或困难”，强调采取行动解决，宾语多为problem,challenge等。 deal with:含义更宽泛，可指处理问题、应付人或事，搭配灵活，常与how连用。 同义替换： deal with,handle 例句： We need to tackle the environmental pollution immediately. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册单元测试） It's time to the problem of food waste in our school. A.tackle B.avoid C.hide (答案：A) 3.combat/'kpmbaet/v.防止，抑制 词义辨析： combat:侧重”对抗、斗争”，多用于正式场合，宾语常为疾病、犯罪、不良现象等，如combat disease。 prevent:.强调'阻止某事发生”，搭配prevent sb.from doing sth.。 同义替换： prevent,fight against 例句： The government took measures to combat the spread of the virus. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册阅读专项） Doctors are trying their best to the infectious disease A.combat B.spread C.ignore (答案：A) 4.relieve/r'li:v/v.给（某人）换班：缓解 词义辨析： relieve:作”换班'时指接替他人工作；作缓解时侧重减轻痛苦、压力等，如relieve pain。 relax:指”放松、休息”，侧重从紧张状态中恢复，主语多为人。 同义替换： replace(换班)，ease(缓解) 例句： He came to relieve me at midnight so I could get some rest. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册词汇练习） The medicine can your headache quickly. A.relieve B.increase C.hide(答案：A) 5.specialist/'spefalist/n.专家 2 高中外研版 【Unit4】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： specialist:.指在某一领域有专业知识或技能的人，常搭配in sth.,如a heart specialist(心脏专家)。 exet:泛指”专家、能手”，可指通过经验或训练获得专长，搭配on/in sth.。 同义替换： expert,professional 例句： We invited a specialist in infectious diseases to give a lecture 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册完形填空） The hospital sent for a to treat the rare disease. A.specialist B.patient C.teacher (答案：A) 6.disinfect/dsn'fekt/v.为…消毒，给…杀菌 词义辨析： disinfect:侧重”用化学方法杀灭细菌、病毒'，对象多为物体表面、医疗设备等。 clean:泛指”清洁、打扫'，侧重去除污垢，不一定涉及杀菌。 同义替换： sterilize,sanitize 例句： Nurses need to disinfect the clinic every day to prevent infection. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册语法填空) Remember to the tools before using them in the operation. A.disinfect B.break C.collect (答案：A) 7.devotion/dr'vaun/n.奉献 词义辨析： devotion:指对事业、责任等的”忠诚、献身精神”，不可数名词，常用搭配devotion to sth.。 dedication:含义相近，但更强调专注、投入”，可用于形容对工作或目标的执着。 同义替换： dedication,commitment 例句： Her devotion to medical work saved many lives during the outbreak 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册阅读理解） The doctor's to her patients感动了所有人. A.devotion B.doubt C.fear (答案：A) 8.outbreak/'autbreik/n.爆发，突然发生 词义辨析： outbreak:多指疾病、战争、火灾等”突然爆发”，常与of搭配，如an outbreak of Ebola。. burst:侧重”突然破裂、爆发”，可指情绪（如笑声）或物体的爆裂，如a burst of laughter。 3 高中外研版 【Umit4】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： eruption,outbreak 例句： The government took quick action after the outbreak of the virus 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册七选五） An of infectious disease requires immediate medical intervention. A.outbreak B.end C.start (答案：A) 9.tragic/'tred3kadj.悲惨的，不幸的 词义辨析： tragic:指事件或结局”悲惨的、令人悲痛的”，常修饰accident,stoy,fate等。 sad:泛指'悲伤的”，可形容人或事物，语气较tragic弱。 同义替换： sad,sorrowful 例句： The tragic news of the doctor's death made everyone cry 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册词汇辨析） The movie tells a story about a family separated by war A.tragic B.funny C.boring (答案：A) l0.miracle/'mrkl/n.意外的幸运事；奇迹 词义辨析： miracle:指”奇迹、不可思议的事”，强调超出常规、难以解释的结果，如a miracle cure(奇迹 般的治愈)。 wonder:可指”奇迹、奇观”，也可指”能人、奇才”，范围更广，如he seven wonders of the world。 同义替换： wonder,marvel 例句： It was a miracle that he survived the Ebola infection. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册阅读理解） The patient's recovery was considered a_ by all doctors. A.miracle B.mistake C.problem (答案：A) 综合演练 高中外研版 【Umit4】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析及同义替换精讲 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The government has taken strict measures to the spread of the new virus. A.combat B.spread C.ignore 2.You should the wound with alcohol before applying the bandage. A.clean B.disinfect C.collect 3.The. in heart surgery will give a lecture on Friday afternoon A.specialist B.patient C.teacher 4.It was a that the child survived the serious car accident. A.miracle B.mistake C.problem 5.The nurse rushed to the doctor in performing the emergency operation. A.assist B.refuse C.ignore 6.The story of the rescue workers moved thousands of people. A.tragic B.funny C.boring 7.We need to the problem of water pollution before it gets worse A.tackle B.avoid C.hide 8.Her to teaching won her the respect of all students. A.devotion B.doubt C.fear 高中外研版 【Unit4】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析及同义替换精讲 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.The sudden o_ of the disease led to a nationwide health alert. 2.Taking this medicine can r your toothache in 10 minutes 3.The hospital called a s to treat the rare genetic disorder. 4.Regularly d your hands can prevent the spread of germs. 5.The soldier's d to his country will always be remembered. 6.It was a t accident that killed three people on the highway. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The doctor's (devote)to saving lives inspired many young people. 2.You must (disinfect)the lab equipment before each experiment. 3.The team worked day and night to (tackle)the environmental crisis. 4.It's a(miracle)achievement to finish the project in just three days. 5.She (assist)her mother in cooking dinner every weekend. 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.科学家们正在努力对抗这种新型传染病。 Scientists are trying their best to the new infectious disease 2.护士每天都会给病房消毒以防止感染。 Nurses the ward every day to prevent infection. 3.他对医学事业的奉献值得我们学习。 His medical career is worth learning from. 4.这场疾病的爆发促使政府采取了紧急措施。 The the disease pushed the government to take emergency measures. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 6 高中外研版 【Unit4】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析及同义替换精讲 During the recent virus outbreak,medical workers showed great (1) (devote)to their work. Doctors and nurses worked day and night to (2)(combat)the disease,while specialists inin- fectious diseases provided professional guidance.They had to(3) (disinfect)their equipment carefully before each treatment and often needed colleagues to (4) (assist)them in critical op- erations Despite the (5)(tragic)of some cases,there were also(6)(miracle)recoveries that gave people hope.The public was deeply moved by their efforts to (7) (tackle)the crisis and their (8) (relieve)of patients'suffering. 参考答案 【单项选择 1.A2B 3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.outbreak 2.relieve 3.specialist 4.disinfect 5.devotion 6.tragic I用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.devotion 2.disinfect 3.tackle 4.miraculous 5.assists V.完成句子 1.combat against 2.disinfect 3.devotion to 4.outbreak of V.语篇填空 1.devotion 2.combat 3.disinfect 4.assist 5.tragedy 6.miraculous 7.tackle 8.relief 7