Unit 1 A new start 三-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲必修第一册（外研版）

高中必修第一册外研版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 精讲专版 【Unit 1】A new start 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 □orientation,o:rian'teIn/n.neat /ni:t/adj.好的，令人愉快滑板运动 (新工作或学习课程开始前一段的 forward/'fb:wd/adv.向前 时间的)培训，迎新 specific/sp3'sifik/adj.具体的，look forward to(兴奋地)期待， Orientation Day迎新日 特定的 盼望 frightened/'frartnd/adj.受惊的，refer'f3:)/v.参考，查阅 committee/ka'mti/n.委员会 害怕的 refer to参考，查阅 improve/m'p:vlv.改善，改 sight/sat/n.看到，看见 journal/'d33nl/n.日记，日志进 figure/'figa)/v.认为，以为 junior /'d3 u:nia(r)/adj.低年级rate个eit/v.对…作评估，评 go all out全力以赴，竭尽全力 的 价 select/sr'lekt/v.挑选，选择 struggle/'strAgl/v.奋斗，拼搏performance /p3'f6:mans/n.(工 particular /p3'trkjala(r)/n.细节 memorise/'nemeraiz/v.记住，作或活动中的)表现 in particular尤其，特别 熟记 exchange/ks't∫eInd3v.交流 □rainbow/'remba/n.彩虹 ]skateboarding/'skeitb:dm/n.(信息、想法等) 词义辨析及同义替换 1. select/sr'lekt/v.挑选，选择 词义辨析： select:强调“经过仔细考虑后从多个选项中精心挑选”，语气比choose正式，侧重选择的过程 和标准。 choose::含义更广，泛指“选择”，语气较随意，可指从少量或大量选项中挑选。 同义替换： choose,pick 例句： We need to select the best candidate for the school project. 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第一册同步练习） Students are encouraged to_courses that match their interests. 高中必修第一册外研版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 A.select B.gather C.collect (答案：A) 2.particular/p3'tikjala(r)/adj.特定的：挑剔的&in particular尤其，特别 词义辨析： particular(adj):作“特定的”时，强调“某一具体的、个别的”；作“挑剔的”时，指对事物 要求高。 in particular:介词短语，意为“尤其、特别”，用于强调某一事物。 同义替换： specific(特定的)，especially(尤其) 例句： She has a particular interest in science fiction,in particular novels by Liu Cixin 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第一册单元测试） I like all kinds of sports,andI enjoy playing basketball A.in particular B.in general C.in public (答案：A) 3.specific/spa'sfik/adj.具体的，特定的 词义辨析： specific:强调“详细的、明确的、针对性强的”，指内容具体不笼统， particular:作“特定的”时，侧重“某一特定的个体”，可与specific互换，但specific更强调细 节明确。 同义替换： detailed,particular 例句： Please give me specific instructions on how to complete the task. 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第一册同步练习） The teacher asked us to write an essay with a topic,not a general one A.specific B.common C.general (答案：A) 4.refer /r'f3:)/v.参考，查阅&refer to参考，查阅；指的是 2 高中必修第一册外研版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： refer to(参考)：表示“查阅资料、参考信息”，后接书籍、词典等。 look up:也表示“查阅”，但通常指在词典、书籍中查找具体信息，主语多为人。 同义替换： consult,look up 例句： When you don't know a word,you can refer to a dictionary. 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第一册单元练习） If you have any questions,you can-the notes we took in class. A.refer to B.leadto C.stick to (答案：A) 5.struggle/'strAgl/V.奋斗，拼搏；挣扎 词义辨析： struggle:侧重“在困难或压力下努力奋斗”，常与against//for连用。 fght:强调“为达到目的而斗争、战斗”，可指具体或抽象的斗争。 同义替换： strive,fight 例句： She struggled to finish the project before the deadline 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第一册同步练习） We should_ for our dreams no matter how difficult they are A.struggle B.escape C.hide (答案：A) 6.memorise/'memaraiz/v.记住，熟记 词义辨析： memorise: 强调“通过有意识的努力记住”，尤指背诵文字材料。 remember: 泛指“记得、想起”，可指无意识或有意识的记忆。 同义替换： learn by heart,remember 例句： It's important to memorise new words every day. 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第一册单元测试） You need to_these English poems so that you can recite them in class. 高中必修第一册外研版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 A.memorise B.forget C.ignore (答案：A) 7.improve/m'pIu:v/v.改善，改进 词义辨析： improve:侧重“使事物变得更好、更完善”，可指技能、条件等的提高。 develop:强调“发展、培养”，指逐步形成或提升能力、系统等。 同义替换： better,develop 例句： Practicing speaking every day can improve your English. 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第一册同步练习） Reading more books can_your writing skills. A.improve B.reduce C.waste (答案：A) 8.exchange /iks't∫emd3/v.交流（信息、想法等）：交换 词义辨析： exchange:指“相互交换、交流”，涉及双方或多方的互动，常用搭配exchange sth with sb。 communicate: 强调“传递信息、沟通”，侧重让对方理解自己的意思。 同义替换： communicate,swap 例句： Students can exchange ideas with each other in group discussions. 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第一册单元练习） We should_our experiences in learning English to help each other. A.exchange B.refuse C.hide (答案：A) 9.look forward to(兴奋地)期待，盼望 词义辨析： look forward to:后接名词或动名词，强调“对未来的事情充满期待”。 expect:侧重“认为某事会发生”，语气较客观，可接不定式。 高中必修第一册外研版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： anticipate,be eager for 例句： I'm looking forward to seeing you at the party 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第一册同步练习） We are-the coming winter holiday. A.looking forward to B.looking up to C.looking down on (答案：A) l0.performance /p3'f:mnsn.(工作或活动中的)表现：表演 词义辨析： performance(表现)：指“在工作、学习等活动中的表现”，不可数。 performance(表演)：指“公开的演出、表演”，可数。 act:侧重“具体的行为、动作”或“戏剧中的一幕”。 同义替换： behavior(表现)，show(表演) 例句： Her performance in the exam was excellent 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第一册单元测试） The singer's-last night was wonderful and won a lot of applause. A.performance B.invention C.invitation (答案：A) 11.rate /reit/v.对…作评估，评价；n.速度，比率 词义辨析： rate(v.):指“对事物的质量、价值等进行评估打分”。 evaluate: 更正式，强调“系统地评估、判断”，常用于专业场合。 同义替换： evaluate,assess 例句： Teachers will rate students'performance based on their daily work 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第一册同步练习） The company will-the new product before putting it on the market. A.rate B.create 高中必修第一册外研版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 C.destroy (答案：A) 12.neat /ni:t/ad.好的，令人愉快的：整洁的 词义辨析： neat（好的)：口语中表示“令人满意的、很棒的”。 neat(整洁的)：指“整齐有序的”。 nice:泛指“美好的、令人愉快的”，使用范围更广。 同义替换： great,,tidy(整洁的) 例句： That's a neat idea for our class project! 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第一册单元练习） Your room is so-and everything is in order. A.neat B.messy C.dirty (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.Students are encouraged to_courses that match their interests and career goals. A.select B.gather C.collect 2.She has ainterest in ancient history,especially the culture of ancient Egypt A.particular B.common C.general 3.The manager asked for details about the project,including the budget and timeline A.specific B.usual C.basic 6 高中必修第一册外研版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 4.If you don't understand the grammar rule,you can_the examples in the textbook. A.refer to B.lead to C.stick to 5.We shouldfor our dreams even when facing difficulties. A.struggle B.escape C.hide 6.You need to_these key words so that you can remember them for the exam. A.memorise B.forget C.ignore 7.Regular exercise canyour physical health and mental state. A.improve B.reduce C.waste 8.The teacher's-in the online class was excellent,and all students enjoyed it. A.performance B.invention C.invitation 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 l.Please give me_(具体的)instructions on how to use the new software. 2.When you meet new words,you can _a dictionary for help. 3.She_()to carry the heavy box up the stairs by herself. 4.We are the summer vacation to travel to the seaside. 5.The company will_()the quality of the new product before selling it 6.His room is always_(整洁的)，with books and toys arranged in order. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.Teachers often_(refer)to students'daily performance when grading their final scores. 2.She spends an hour every morning_(memorise)English words and phrases > 高中必修第一册外研版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 3.We need to make a careful plan to _(improve)our team's work efficiency. 4.The children are(look forward to)the arrival of their grandparents this weekend. 5.He(select)three books from the library to read during the holiday. 四、完成句子 1.She has many hobbies,and()she loves playing the piano. 2.Please()the map before we start our journey to avoid getting lost. 3.The students_(为…奋斗)better grades by studying hard every day. 4.We are()seeing you at the party next Saturday. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Learning a new language requires effort and effective methods.First,you need to_(select/choose) suitable materials,such as textbooks and online courses.Then,it's important to _(memo- rise/remember)key vocabulary,but don't just recite-try to use them in sentences.When you meet grammar problems,-(refer to/look up)examples in your notes or ask teachers for help.Many stu- dents(struggle/fight)with speaking,so practice with partners and don't fear mistakes.Over time, you'll notice your skills-(improve/develop)gradually.Finally,always keep a positive attitude and (look forward to/expect)the progress you'll make. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.A2.A 3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A Ⅱ，根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.specific 2.refer to 3.struggled 4.looking forward to 5.rate 6.neat I.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.refer 2.memorising 3.improve 4.looking forward to 5.selected V.完成句子 1.in particular 2.refer to 3.struggle for 4.looking forward to 8 高中必修第一册外研版 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 V.语篇填空 1.select 2.memorise 3.refer to 4.struggle 5.improve 6.look forward to