Unit 6 Earth first二-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲必修第二册（外研版）

高中必修第二册外研版 【Earth first二】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 Unit 6 【Unit6】Earth first二 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 affect/A'fekt/v.影响 复的 snog/smDg/n.烟雾，雾霾 supply/s3pla/n.（煤气、电力、carbo/'kabn/n.碳 fog/fDg/n.雾 自来水等)供应（系统） greenhouse/gri:nhaus/n.温室，severe/sr'Iar)/adj.(间题、伤 restore/r'sto:r)/v.使恢复 暖房 势、疾病等)很严重的 adopt /a'dppt/v.采取（某种方 reusable/ri:ju:zabl/adj.可再度infection/m'fek[n/n.感染，传染 法) 使用的，可多次使用的 病 sustainable /sa'sternabl/adj. brochure/'bra(r)/n.小册子 lecture/'lekt)/n.(尤指大学 持续的，不破坏环境的 reduce /r'ju:s/v.减少，降低 里的)讲座，讲课，演讲 bulb /balb/n.灯泡 solar/'s3wla(r)/adj.利用太阳光permission /p3'mun/n.允许，许 renewable /rI'nju:bl/adj.(能（能）的 可 源)可更新的，可再生的，可恢release /rI'li:sv.释放，排放 side/slaId/n.幻灯片 词义辨析及同义替换 1.affect/'fekt/v.影响 词义辨析： affect:侧重指对人或事物产生的直接影响，尤指带来负面或不利的变化，是动词。 influence:指通过间接方式对人的思想、行为或事物的发展产生潜移默化的影响。 同义替换： influence,impact 例句： The bad weather will affect the crops in the field. 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第二册同步练习） The noise from the construction site our study seriously A.affects B.influences C.effect (答案：A) 2.restore'sto:)/v.使恢复 1 高中必修第二册外研版 【Earth first二】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： restore: 强调将受损或失调的事物恢复到原来的状态或功能，常与o搭配。 recover:主要指人从疾病、挫折中恢复，或事物找回失去的东西，主语多为人或自身有恢复能 力的事物。 同义替换： recover,renew 例句： Doctors are trying to restore his memory after the accident. 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第二册单元测试） It takes time for the ecosystem to after being destroyed. A.restore B.recover C.repair (答案：B) 3.adopt /'dopt/v.采取（某种方法） 词义辨析： adopt:指有意识地采纳或采用某种方法、政策、习惯等，含主动选择的意味。 adapt:侧重指适应新环境、新情况，或根据需要对事物进行调整改造，常与to搭配。 同义替换： take,employ 例句： The company decided to adopt a new policy to improve efficiency. 真题链接： （外研版高中必修第二册课时作业) We need to our teaching methods to meet the needs of different students. A.adopt B.adapt C.adjust(答案：B) 4.sustainable/sa'stemnabl/adj.可持续的，不破坏环境的 词义辨析： stainable:强调在满足当前需求的同时不损害未来世代的利益，尤其用于环境、发展等领域。 endurable:侧重指事物能够经受长时间的考验，不易被破坏或损耗，强调耐久性。 同义替换： sustained,renewable 例句： We should promote sustainable development to protect the environment. 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第二册期末复习题） Using_ energy sources is important for reducing pollution. A.sustainable B.endurable C.lasting (答案：A) 5.renewable /ri'nju:abl/adj.(能源)可更新的，可再生的，可恢复的 2 高中必修第二册外研版 【Earth first二】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： renewable:特指能源等能够自然补充、持续利用的，如太阳能、风能等。 recyclables:指物品可以被回收再利用，强调物质的循环使用。 同义替换： sustainable,regenerative 例句： Solar energy is a kind of renewable energy that is clean and environmentally friendly 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第二册同步练习） We should encourage the use of materials to reduce waste A.renewable B.recyclable C.reusable (答案：B) 6.reusable /ri:ju:zabl/adj.可再度使用的，可多次使用的 词义辨析： reusable:指物品可以被多次重复使用，不需要每次都更换新的。 recyclable:指物品可以经过处理后重新制成新的产品，强调回收加工过程。 同义替换： recyclable,multiple-use 例句： Bringing a reusable bag when shopping is a good way to reduce plastic pollution. 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第二册单元测试） These bottles are so you can use them again after cleaning. A.reusable B.recyclable C.renewable (答案：A) 7.reduce/r'diu:s/v.减少，降低 词义辨析： reduce:指通过人为努力使数量、程度、尺寸等降低或减少，常用搭配red1ce.…to.。 decrease:可指数量、强度等自然或人为地减少，既可作动词也可作名词，使用范围较广。 同义替换： decrease,cut down 例句： We should try to reduce the amount of waste we produce every day. 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第二册课时作业） The number of smokers hasby 30%in the past five years. A.reduced B.decreased C.increased (答案：B) 8.release /rI'li:sV.释放，排放 词义辨析： release:指释放被关押、限制的人或物，或排放气体、液体等，宾语可以是具体或抽象事物。 enit:主要指排放（气体、光线、声音等），尤指从源头持续释放。 3 高中必修第二册外研版 【Earth first二】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： emit,discharge 例句： Factories must reduce the amount of harmful gases they release into the air 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第二册期末复习题） The chemical plant was fined for toxic waste into the river A.releasing B.emitting C.sending(答案：A) 9.severe/s'vIa(t)/adj.(问题、伤势、疾病等)很严重的 词义辨析： severe:强调程度深、影响大，可用于形容天气、疾病、惩罚、问题等。 serious::指情况重要、严重，需要认真对待，可用于形容人、问题、后果等。 同义替换： serious,grave 例句： The area was hit by a severe storm last night,causing great damage 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第二册同步练习） His illness is more than we thought,so he has to stay in hospital. A.severe B.serious C.strict（答案：B) l0.infection /in'fekn/n.感染，传染病 词义辨析： infection:指由细菌、病毒等引起的感染，或感染这一过程。 disease:泛指各种疾病，范围更广，包括感染性疾病和非感染性疾病。 同义替换： contagion,disease 例句： The doctor said that the wound had developed an infection and needed treatment. 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第二册单元测试） Washing hands frequently can help prevent the spread of A.infection B.disease C.illness (答案：A) 综合演练 高中必修第二册外研版 【Earth first二】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The new policy will the lives of many people in the community directly. A.affect B.influence C.effect 2.After the earthquake,efforts are being made to the city to its former beauty. A.restore B.recover C.repair 3.To better fit the new learning environment,students need to their study habits. A.adopt B.adapt C.adjust 4. development means meeting present needs without harming future generations. A.Sustainable B.Endurable C.Lasting 5.Wind and solar power are examples of energy sources. A.renewable B.recyclable C.reusable 6.These glass bottles are you can clean them and use them again. A.reusable B.recyclable C.renewable 7.The government plans to the number of cars on the road to reduce traffic jams. A.reduce B.decrease C.cut 8.The factory was criticized for harmful gases into the atmosphere A.releasing B.emitting C.sending 高中必修第二册外研版 【Earth first二】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 9.The patient's condition is more than we initially thought,requiring immediate surgery. A.severe B.serious C.strict 10.Regular exercise and a balanced diet can help prevent from spreading in the body. A.infection B.disease C.illness 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.We should use (可持续的)methods to protect natural resources for future use.. 2.Solar energy is a clean and__(可再生的)energy source 3.The company decided to()a new marketing strategy to attract more customers. 4.After the flood,it took years for the local ecosystem to () 5.Using (可重复使用的)containers can significantly reduce plastic waste. 6.The (spread quickly because the patients were not isolated in time. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 l.The bad weather has】 (affect)the delivery of goods,causing delays 2.It is important to (sustainable)manage water resources in干旱地区(arid areas) 3.The old building is being(restore)to its original state with traditional materials. 4.We need to find more_(renew)energy sources to replace fossil fuels 5.She (adopt)a positive attitude towards life even when facing difficulties. 四、完成句子 1.The noise from the nearby airport (影响)our daily life seriously. 2.It is our responsibility to promote (可持续发展)for the benefit of future generations.. 3.After the operation,the doctor said his memory would (逐渐恢复)in a few weeks, 4.Many countries are now investing heavily in (可再生能源)to combat climate change. 6 高中必修第二册外研版 【Earth first二】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 As the world faces environmental challenges,more attention is being paid to 1. (sustain)devel- opment.Governments and businesses are trying to 2(adopt)policies that balance economic growth with environmental protection.For example,using 3(renew)energy sources like wind and solar power can reduce the need for fossil fuels,which 4(affect)the climate negatively. Additionally,people are encouraged to use 5(reuse)products and recycle waste to minimize pollution.It is believed that with these efforts,the ecosystem will 6 (recover)gradually,en- suring a healthier planet for future generations. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.A2.A3.B4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9B10.A IⅡ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.sustainable 2.renewable 3.adopt 4.recover 5.reusable 6.infection I用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.affected 2.sustainably 3.restored 4.renewable 5.adopts V.完成句子 1.affects 2.sustainable development 3.recover gradually 4.renewable energy V.语篇填空 1.sustainable 2.adopt 3.renewable 4.affect 5.reusable 6.recover 7