Unit 6 Earth first一-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲必修第二册（外研版）

高中外研版必修第二册 【Unit6 Earth first】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 高中专版 【Unit6】Earth first 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 shark /fa:k/n.鲨（鱼） extinction/k'stkn/n.灭绝，绝hunting/'hntn/n.打猎，狩猎 scare/skea)/V.使（某人）惊种 presentation /.prezn'terfn/n. 恐，吓唬 attitude/'etju:d山n.(尤指通过告，（观点的）陈述，说明 due to由于，因为 行为表现出的对某事的一般)看reserve /rI'z3v/n.(野生生物) fin /fin/v.切去（鱼的）鳍：n.鱼法，态度 保护区 鳍 devote/d'vatv.致力，献身，staff/'sta:f/n.员工 dive /darv/v.(通常指使用呼吸倾注 establish/'staeblif/v.建立，设 设备的)潜水 ocean/un/n.海洋，大海 立 target/'ta:grt/v.把…作为目highlight/'harlart/.v.使…突damage/'dend/v.破损，损害， 标 出，使注意力集中于 损伤 fortunately/'f:tfanatli/adv.幸cruelty/'ku:alti/n.残忍，残酷，drought/draot/n.旱灾，干旱 运地 残暴 f1 ood /flad/n.洪水，水灾 词义辨析及同义替换 1.devote/dr'vat/v.致力，献身，倾注 词义辨析： devote:侧重“将时间、精力、情感等专注投入到某事物”，常用搭配devote..to(doing)sth,to 为介词。 dedicate:语气更正式，强调“为崇高目标或事业献身”，如dedicate one's life to science。 同义替换： dedicate,commit 例句： She devotes all her free time to helping the poor. 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第二册同步练习） He decided to his life to protecting endangered animals. A.devote B.spend C.waste (答案：A) 高中外研版必修第二册 【Unit6 Earth first】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 2.damage/'daemid3/V.破损，损害，损伤 词义辨析： damage:指“对事物造成部分损害，降低其价值或功能”，可用于具体物品或抽象概念（如名 誉)。 destroy:强调“彻底破坏，无法修复”，程度比damage更严重。 ham:侧重“对健康、权利等造成伤害”，对象多为有生命的人或生物。 同义替换： harm,injure 例句： The flood damaged many houses in the village 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第二册单元检测） The storm the crops badly,and farmers had to start over A.damaged B.destroyed C.harmed (答案：A) 3.establish/i'staeblr/v.a建立，设立 词义辨析： establish:指“创建组织、制度、关系等”，强调“稳固地建立”，如establish a company。 found:侧重“打下基础，创办”，多用于机构、国家等，如found a school。 set up:口语化短语，指“搭建、设立”，如set up a tent。 同义替换： found,set up 例句： The government plans to establish a new nature reserve next year 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第二册期末复习题） This university was in 1950 and has a history of over 70 years A.established B.found C.set off(答案：A) 4.highlight/harlart/v.使…突出，使注意力集中于 词义辨析： highlight:强调“使某事物显著，成为焦点”，如highlight the importance of education。 emphasize:侧重“通过语言或行动强调观点”，如emphasize the need for safety。 stress:语气更强，指“反复强调，使重视”，如stress the urgency of the problem。 同义替换： emphasize,stress 例句： The report highlights the impact of climate change on ocean life. 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第二册同步练习） The teacher the key points in red during the lecture. 高中外研版必修第二册 【Unit6 Earth first】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 A.highlighted B.ignored C.forgot (答案：A) 5.attitude/'aetrtju:d/n.看法，态度 词义辨析： attitude:指“对人或事物的看法，常通过行为表现”，搭配attitude towards/to。 opinion:侧重“个人主观见解”，可用于日常话题，如ask for one's opinion。 view:较正式，指“对某问题的系统观点”，如political views。 同义替换： opinion,view 例句： Her positive attitude towards life has influenced many people 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第二册单元检测） What's your towards shark hunting?Do you support it? A.attitude B.hobby C.job(答案：A) 6.fortunately/'fo:t[enatli/adv.幸运地 词义辨析： fortunately:强调“因运气好而避免了不好的结果”，常用于句首，修饰整个句子。 luckily:与fortunately含义基本相同，更口语化。 unfortunately:反义词，意为“不幸地”。 同义替换： luckily,happily 例句： Fortunately,the diver was saved by the rescue team 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第二册期末复习题） _the fire was put out before it spread to other buildings. A.Fortunately B.Suddenly C.Finally (答案：A) 7.reserve /rI'z3:v/n.(野生生物)保护区 词义辨析： reserve: 指“官方划定的保护区域”，如nature reserve,侧重保护自然资源。 preserve:指“为特定目的保护的区域或事物”，如wildlife preserve,更强调维持原始状态。 park:泛指“公园”，可能包含娱乐设施，如national park。 同义替换： preserve,sanctuary 例句： This reserve is home to many rare bird species. 3 高中外研版必修第二册 【Unit6 Earth first】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第二册同步练习） We visited a last weekend to learn about how sharks are protected. A.reserve B.market C.station (答案：A) 8.due to由于，因为 词义辨析： due to:后接名词或名词短语，常作表语或状语，强调“原因导致结果”。 because of:与1eto用法相似，但更口语化，可置于句首或句中。 owing to:较正式，后接名词，如owing to bad weather。. 同义替换： because of,owing to 例句： Many sharks are in danger due to overhunting. 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第二册单元检测） The sports meeting was put off the heavy rain. A.due to B.instead of C.along with (答案：A) 9.extinction/k'st四kn/n.灭绝，绝种 词义辨析： extinction:指“物种彻底消失”，如the extinction of dinosaurs。 disappearance:泛指“消失”，可用于具体事物或抽象概念，如the disappearance of a smile。 同义替换： vanishing,disappearance 例句： We must act now to prevent the extinction of sharks. 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第二册期末复习题） Human activities have led to the of many animal species. A.extinction B.protection C.development (答案：A) 10.target/'ta:gt/v.把…作为目标 词义辨析： target:指“明确选定目标并针对其行动”，如target a species for hunting。 aim:侧重“以…为目的或目标”，搭配aim at(doing)sth,如aim at winning。 focus::强调“集中注意力于”，如focus on a problem: 同义替换： aim at,focus on 例句： Illegal hunters often target sharks for their fins. 高中外研版必修第二册 【Unit6 Earth first】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 真题链接：（外研版高中必修第二册同步练习） The new policy reducing plastic pollution in the ocean. A.targets B.avoids C.forgets (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.Many volunteers their spare time to protecting wild animals in the nature reserve A.devote B.spend C.waste 2.The earthquake several villages,but people are working hard to rebuild their homes. A.damaged B.destroyed C.harmed 3.Our school plans to a new after-school club for students interested in environmental protec- tion A.establish B.found C.set off 4.The report the need to reduce plastic waste to protect ocean ecosystems. A.highlighted B.ignored C.forgot 5.What's your towards the new policy of banning single-use plastics? A.attitude B.hobby C.job 6 no one was injured in the forest fire thanks to the quick action of the firefighters. A.Fortunately B.Suddenly C.Finally 7.This nature was set up to protect endangered species like pandas and tigers. 高中外研版必修第二册 【Unit6 Earth first】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 A.reserve B.market C.station 8.The delay of the flight was bad weather conditions in the area. A.due to B.instead of C.along with 9.Human activities have加快了many animal species towards A.extinction B.protection C.development 10.The new environmental law reducing air pollution by limiting factory emissions. A.targets B.avoids C.forgets 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.We should d more time to learning about wildlife protection to raise awareness 2.The storm caused serious d to the coastal areas,including broken windows and fallen trees. 3.The government plans to e a new research center to study climate change. 4.The teacher used red markers to h the main ideas in the textbook 5.Her positive a towards challenges helps her overcome difficulties easily. 6.F,the lost hiker was found by a search team after three days in the mountains 7.The local r is home to over 200 kinds of birds and rare plants. 8.The sports meeting was canceled dto heavy rain,so students had classes instead. 9.The dodo bird is a famous example of species that suffered e due to human activity. 10.The campaign tto educate teenagers about the importance of saving water. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.She is (devote)to her job as a wildlife photographer and often travels to remote areas 6 高中外研版必修第二册 【Unit6 Earth first】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 2.The storm (damage)the roof of the old temple,and repairs will start next week. 3.This institute was (establish)in 1998 to promote scientific research on biodiversity. 4.The speaker (highlight)the role of young people in environmental protection during the speech 5.My father has a positive(attitude)towardsnew technology and enjoys learning to use smart- phones. 6 (fortunate),we arrived at the train station on time and didn't miss the train 7.The nature (reserve)attracts thousands of visitors every year who want to see rare animals. 8.Many species are in danger (due)to habitat loss and climate change. 9.We must take action now to prevent the (extinction)of polar bears. 10.The project (target)to reduce carbon emissions by 30%in the next five years. 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.这位科学家毕生致力于研究濒危物种。 The scientist his life studying endangered species. 2.洪水损坏了村庄的许多房屋，但没有完全摧毁它们。 The flood many houses in the village,but didn't them completely. 3.这家医院建于1920年，至今已有超过100年的历史。 This hospital was in 1920 and has a history of over 100 years. 4.报告强调了保护森林对防止全球变暖的重要性。 The report the importance of protecting forests to prevent global warming 5.他对动物保护的态度从漠不关心转变为积极参与。 His towards animal protection changed from indifference to active participation. 6.幸运的是，这些受伤的海龟被及时送到了救援中心。 the injured sea turtles were sent to the rescue center in time 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 > 高中外研版必修第二册 【Unit6 Earth first】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 Wildlife protection is crucial for maintaining ecological balance.Many people (devote)their lives to this cause.For example,Dr.Wang,a biologist,has worked in a nature (reserve)for 20 years.She(establish)a research program to study the behavior of red pandas and (highlight)their importance in the ecosystem. (fortunate),red pandas are facing threats such as habitat loss and illegal hunting,which have led to a sharp decrease in their population.Dr.Wang often says,"Our (attitude)towards wildlife must change-we need to see them as partners,not resources." To address this,the government has passed laws_(target)illegal hunting and (due)to educational campaigns,more people are joining in to protect red pandas.Dr.Wang hopes that with continued efforts,the(extinction)of red pandas can be prevented,and future generations will still have the chance to see these lovely animals in the wild. 参考答案 I单项选择 1.A2.A3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A IⅡ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.devote 2.damage 3.establish 4.highlight 5.attitude 6.Fortunately 7.reserve 8.due 9.extinction 10.targets I.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.devoted 2.damaged 3.established 4.highlighted 5.attitude 6.Fortunately 7.reserve 8.due 9.extinction 10.targets V.完成句子 1.devoted;to 2.damaged;destroy 3.established 4.highlighted 5.attitude 6.Fortunately V.语篇填空 1.devote 2.reserve 3.established 4.highlighted 5.Unfortunately 6.attitude 7.targeting 8.due 9.extinction P