Unit 5 A delicate world一-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第二册（外研版）

高中外研版 【Unit5】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析精讲 核心词汇 Unit 5)A delicate world 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 halfway/,haf'we/adj.中间的，rat /raet/n.大老鼠 鹦鹉 半途的 subsequently/'sAbsikwantli/adv.chaos/'kens/n.大混乱；紊乱 dramatically/dra'matikli/adv.后来，随后 conservation konsa'veifn/n. 显著地 appetite/'epitart/n.胃口，食欲护 heritage/'hertd3/n.遗产；传multiply'mAltplar/v.(使)大virus /'varas/n.病毒 统 大增加，（使）倍增 decrease/dr'kuri:s/V.(使)变 inhabitant/I'habitant/n.栖居vegetation/.ved3'ten/n.植物，小，（使）减少 的动物 草木（总称） tra即rep/n.夹子，陷阱 penguin/'pel)gwIm/n.企鹅 erosion'ta3n/n.侵蚀 departure/d'pat)/n.离开 habitat/'haebtaet/n.栖息地 parakeet/'paeraki:t/n.长尾（小）immunity/mju:nati/n.免疫力 词义辨析及同义替换 1.habitat/'hebItaet/n.栖息地 词义辨析： habitat:指生物生存的自然环境，强调适合某种动植物生长或生活的特定区域，如森林、海洋等。 dwelling:侧重指人类或动物居住的“住所”，可指具体的房屋或巢穴。 同义替换： dwelling,home 例句： The penguins'natural habitat is the Antarctic region. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） The destruction of the rainforest has threatened the of many rare animals. A.habitat B.heritage C.chaos (答案：A) 1 高中外研版 【Unit5】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析精讲 2.decrease/d'kri:s/v.(使)变小，（使）减少 词义辨析： decrease:强调数量、程度等逐渐“减少、降低”，可作及物或不及物动词，主语可以是事物或 人。 reduce:侧重通过人为干预“减少、降低”，如成本、数量等，及物动词，宾语通常是具体事物。 同义替换： reduce,diminish 例句： The number of pandas in the wild has decreased in recent years 真题链接： (外研版高中选择性必修第二册单元测试) We need to the use of plastic bags to protect the environment A.multiply B.decrease C.increase (答案：B) 3.conservation/konsa'ver [n/n.保护 词义辨析： conservation:指对自然资源、环境或文化遗产的“保护、保存”，强调合理利用以维持生态平衡。 protectio:含义更广，指对人或事物的“保护、保卫”，使其免受伤害，如人身保护、财产保护。 同义替换： protection,preservation 例句： The government has taken measures for the conservation of endangered species 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册期中复习题） The of cultural heritage is very important for future generations. A.chaos B.conservation C.erosion (答案：B) 4.multipl少/mAltIplar/v.(使)大大增加，（使）倍增 词义辨析： ultiply:侧重数量“成倍增长、繁殖”，可指数字相乘或生物繁殖，也可指事物数量快速增加。 increase:泛指“增加、增长”，可指数量、程度、大小等方面的上升，增长幅度可大可小。 同义替换： increase,proliferate 例句： Rats multiply quickly in warm and humid environments. 高中外研版 【Unit5】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析精讲 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） With the development of technology,the number of online shopping users has. in the past decade A.multiplied B.decreased C.trapped (答案：A) 5.heritage/"heritid3/n.遗产；传统 词义辨析： heritage:指代代相传的“文化遗产、传统”，包括物质和非物质文化，如历史建筑、习俗等。 legacy:侧重“遗产、遗留物”，可指物质遗产，也可指精神、影响等非物质遗产，语气较正式。 同义替换： legacy,tradition 例句： Cultural heritage plays an important role in shaping a nation's identity. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册单元测试） The ancient temple is part of our national and should be well protected A.habitat B.heritage C.vegetation (答案：B) 6.erosion/1'IaU3n/n.侵蚀 词义辨析： erosion:指自然力（如水、风）或人为因素导致的“侵蚀、腐蚀”，如土壤侵蚀、岩石侵蚀。 corrosion:特指金属等因化学作用产生的“腐蚀”，如铁生锈、金属被酸腐蚀。 同义替换： corrosion,wearing away 例句： Soil erosion has become a serious problem in the mountainous area 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册期中复习题） The of the coastline is caused by the strong waves and tides. A.erosion B.chaos C.departure (答案：A) 7.dramatically/dra'maetikli/adv.显著地 高中外研版 【Unit5】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析精讲 词义辨析： dramatically:强调变化“显著地、剧烈地”，程度较深，常修饰动词或形容词，如价格大幅下降、 局势急剧变化。 greatly:泛指“非常、大大地”，程度副词，修饰动词或形容词，语气较缓和。 同义替换： greatly,significantly 例句： The company's profits have increased dramatically since last year. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） The number of tourists visiting the area has increased after the new road was built. A.dramatically B.subsequently C.halfway (答案：A) 8.subsequently/'SAbsikwantli/adv.后来，随后 词义辨析： subsequently:指时间上“随后、接着”，强调顺序上的先后，常用于书面语。 afterwards:指“之后、后来”，时间上的先后，口语和书面语均可使用。 同义替换： afterwards,later 例句： He graduated from college and subsequently found a job in a big company. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册单元测试） She first learned English and studied French for two years A.subsequently B.dramatically C.halfway (答案：A) 9.immunity/'mju:nati/n.免疫力 词义辨析： immunity:指身体对疾病的“免疫力”，或法律上的“豁免权”。 resistance: 指对疾病、感染等的“抵抗力”，也可指对某事的“抵制”。 同义替换： resistance,protection 例句： Regular exercise can help improve the body's immunity. 高中外研版 【Unit5】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析精讲 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） A healthy diet and enough sleep are important for building up against viruses. A.immunity B.appetite C.chaos (答案：A) l0.appetite/'apIta/n.胃口，食欲 词义辨析： appetite:指对食物的“食欲、胃口”，也可指对某事的“欲望、兴趣”。 hunger:侧重生理上的“饥饿感”，强调因缺乏食物而产生的空腹感。 同义替换： hunger,desire 例句： She has no appetite for food after being ill. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册期中复习题） The delicious smell from the kitchen increased my for dinner. A.appetite B.immunity C.departure (答案：A) 11.ap /traep/n.夹子，陷阱 词义辨析： trp:指捕捉动物的“夹子、陷阱”，也可指使人陷入困境的“圈套、陷阱”。 snare:侧重捕捉小鸟或小型动物的“罗网、陷阱”，比喻义指“圈套、诱惑”。 同义替换： snare,pitfall 例句： The farmer set a trap to catch the rats in the field 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） The hunter used a to catch the wild animal A.trap B.habitat C.heritage (答案：A) l2.departure/dr'pa:te(t)/n.离开 高中外研版 【Unit5】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析精讲 词义辨析： departure:指从某地“离开、启程”，正式用语，常用于描述旅行、航班等的出发。 leave:泛指“离开、离去”，可作动词或名词，口语中使用更广泛。 同义替换： leave,departure 例句： The departure of the train was delayed by heavy rain 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册单元测试） We should arrive at the airport two hours before the time. A.departure B.chaos C.erosion (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The loss of natural has led to the disappearance of many animal species. A.habitat B.dwelling C.home 2.To fight against climate change,we must the amount of carbon emissions. A.multiply B.decrease C.increase 3.The government has launched a new program for the of ancient temples and artifacts A.chaos B.conservation C.erosion 4.With the spread of the Internet,online learning platforms have in number over the past five years. A.multiplied B.decreased C.trapped 6 高中外研版 【Unit5】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析精讲 5.Eating a balanced diet and exercising regularly can improve your body's to diseases. A.immunity B.appetite C.resistance 6.The coastal village is suffering from severe due to rising sea levels. A.erosion B.corrosion C.wearing away 7.After the new policy was introduced,the company's sales increased within three months. A.dramatically B.greatly C.significantly 8.She failed the exam and decided to study harder for the next one A.subsequently B.afterwards C.later 9.The delicious smell of the cake increased my for dessert. A.appetite B.hunger C.desire 10.We should arrive at the station 30 minutes before the train's time. A.departure B.leave C.departure 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.The panda's natural h is being destroyed by human activities. 2.Regular exercise can help d the risk of heart disease. 3.The c of cultural heritage is crucial for maintaining a nation's identity. 4.In warm weather,bacteria can m rapidly in food. 5.The old castle is part of our national hand attracts many tourists. 6.Soile is a major environmental problem in agricultural areas. 7.The price of houses in the city has risen d in recent years. 高中外研版 【Unit5】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析精讲 8.He finished his homework and s went to bed. 9.A strong immune system provides i against common colds. 10.She has no a for spicy food because she is not used to it. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The number of endangered species has (decrease)sharply in the past decade. 2.The government is taking measures to protect the (habitat)of wild animals. 3 (multiply)your income by 12 to get your annual earnings. 4.Regular exercise and a healthy diet are important for(immunity)building. 5.The (erode)of the mountainside has caused several landslides. 6.The company's profits have increased (dramatic)since the new manager took over. 7.He graduated from university and (subsequent)moved to another city. 8.The (conserve)of water resources is becoming more and more important. 9.She has a good (appetite)and eats almost everything. 10.The (depart)of the flight was delayed due to bad weather. 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.森林砍伐严重威胁着许多稀有动物的。（栖息地） 2.为了保护环境，我们需要塑料袋的使用。（减少） 3.政府已经采取措施保护濒危物种的。（保护 4.过去十年，在线购物用户的数量已经。（倍增） 5.健康的饮食和充足的睡眠对增强对病毒的 很重要。（免疫） 6.海岸线的是由强浪和潮汐引起的。（侵蚀） 7.新路建成后，参观该地区的游客数量 增加。（显著地） 8.她先学英语， 又学了两年法语。（随后） 8 高中外研版 【Unit5】 选择性必修第二册词义辨析精讲 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 The environment is facing many challenges today.One of the biggest problems is the destruction of natural(1) (habitat),which has caused the (2)(decrease)of many animal species.To solve this problem,governments and organizations around the world are working on the (3) (conserve)of ecosystems.For example,in some countries,laws have been made to prevent the(4) (erode)of forests and grasslands. In addition,people are starting to realize the importance of protecting the environment.Many indi- viduals are trying to(5)(decrease)their carbon footprint by using public transportation and recycling.With these efforts,it is hoped that the number of endangered species will(6) (mul- tiply)in the future. (7)(subsequent),more and more people are becoming aware of the need to live in harmony with nature.They believe that only by working together can we protect our planet for future genera- tions. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.A2B 3B4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A IⅡ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.habitat 2.decrease 3.conservation 4.multiply 5.heritage 6.erosion 7.dramatically 8.subsequently 9.immunity 10.appetite I用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.decreased 2.habitats 3.Multiply 4.immunity 5.erosion 6.dramatically 7.subsequently 8.conservation 9.appetite 10.departure V.完成句子 1.habitat 2.decrease 3.conservation 4.multiplied 5.immunity 6.erosion 7.dramatically 8.subsequently V.语篇填空 1.habitats 2.decrease 3.conservation 4.erosion 5.decrease 6.multiply 7.Subsequently 9