Unit 6 Survival二-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第二册（外研版）

高中外研版 【精讲专版】 选择性必修第二册 精讲专版 【Unit6】Survival 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 appreciate/prifiert/V.欣赏； cave/keIv/n.洞穴 firefighter/farefarta(r)/n.消防 赏识 heat wave酷热期，热浪期 队员 crucial/'ku:/adj.至关重要的，indoors/'ndb:zadv.在室内 bring..under control使…处 关键性的 cope with应付 于控制之下 restrict/rI'strikt/v.限制，控制 fuel/'fju:a/n.燃料 blaze /blerz/n.烈火，大火 hiker/'haka(r)/n.徒步旅行者，consumption /kan'smpm/n.fierce/fras/adj.恶劣的，极端的 远足者 (精力、油、电等的)消耗量 react/ri'kt/v.(作出)反应 kitt/n.成套工具 supplement/'sAplimant/V.补充，monthly/mnθli/adj.每月一次 optimistic/,Dpt'mistrk/adj.乐增补，增加 的 观的：乐观主义的 eliminate'limmert/v.消除，根get rid of摆脱，除去 clay /kler/n.黏土 除 词义辨析及同义替换 I.appreciate /'prifiert/v.欣赏：赏识 词义辨析： appreciate:侧重对事物价值、意义的认可或对他人帮助的感激，可接名词、动名词或宾语从句。 admire: 强调对某人/物的仰慕、钦佩，尤指因品质、能力等而赞赏。 同义替换： admire,value 例句： I really appreciate your help with my English study 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） We should learn to the beauty of nature instead of destroying it. A.appreciate B.ignore C.waste(答案：A) 2.crucial/'ku:/adj.至关重要的，关键性的 高中外研版 【精讲专版】 选择性必修第二册 词义辨析： crucial:强调“决定性的、生死攸关的”，常用于指对结果有重大影响的事物。 important:普通用词，指“重要的”，程度弱于crucial。 同义替换： vital,critical 例句： Regular exercise is crucial for maintaining good health 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册单元检测） The first step in solving the problem is of importance A.crucial B.common C.slight (答案：A) 3.restrict/r'strikt//V.限，控制 词义辨析： restrict:侧重通过规则、法律等“限制范围、数量或行动”，常用搭配restrict..to.。 limit:指“设定界限或上限”，可用于时间、空间、数量等，搭配limit..to..。 同义替换： limit,confine 例句： Smoking is restricted to designated areas in the building. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册课时练） Parents should not their children's freedom too much A.restrict B.encourage C.expand (答案：A) 4.optimistic/,Dpti'mistik/adj.乐观的；乐观主义的 词义辨析： optimistic:指对未来或结果持积极乐观的态度，搭配be optimistic about。. positive::含义更广，可指“积极的、正面的”（如positive attitude),也可指“肯定的”（如positive answer)。 同义替换： positive,hopeful 例句： She is always optimistic about her chances of success. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册期末复习题） Despite the difficulties,he remained _about the project. A.optimistic B.pessimistic C.nervous （答案：A) 5.cope with应付 2 高中外研版 【精讲专版】 选择性必修第二册 词义辨析： cope with:侧重“成功处理困难或压力”，强调能力和结果。 deal with:含义更广，可指“处理问题、应对人或事”，不强调是否成功。 同义替换： deal with.handle 例句： It's hard to cope with the stress of exams 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） Teenagers need to learn how totheir emotions. A.cope with B.play with.agree with(答案：A) 6.eliminate/lmmmert/v.消除，根除 词义辨析： eliminate:指“彻底去除、消灭”，尤指排除不需要的事物，如eliminate errors。 remove:普通用词，指“移开、去掉”，可指具体物品或抽象事物，如remove obstacles。 同义替换： remove,get rid of 例句： The new policy aims to eliminate poverty in rural areas. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册单元检测） We must all hidden dangers before the project starts. A.eliminate B.create C.accept (答案：A) 7.fierce /fias/adj.恶劣的，极端的 词义辨析： fierce:可指“猛烈的、激烈的”（如fierce competition)或“凶猛的”（如fierce animal)。 violent::侧重“暴力的、猛烈的”，常与行为、力量相关，如violent storm。 同义替换： violent,intense 例句： The fierce wind destroyed many houses in the village. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册阅读专项） During the heat wave,the sun made outdoor activities impossible A.fierce B.gentle C.dim (答案：A) 8.get rid of摆脱，除去 词义辨析： get rid of:强调“彻底摆脱或清除不需要的人/物”，口语中常用。 remove:指“移开、去掉”，语气较正式，可用于具体或抽象事物。 3 高中外研版 【精讲专版】 选择性必修第二册 同义替换： eliminate,remove 例句： We need to get rid of the old furniture to make room. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） It'snot easy to. bad habits. A.get rid of B.hold on to C.look forward to (答案：A) 9.react/ri'ekt/v.(作出)反应 词义辨析： react:指对某事或某人“作出反应”，常用搭配react to.。 respond::强调“回应、答复”，可指言语或行动上的回应，搭配respond to..。 同义替换： respond,reply 例句： How did he react to the news of his promotion? 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册单元检测） The government has quickly to the public's concerns. A.reacted B.ignored C.forgotten (答案：A) l0.heat wave酷热期，热浪期 词义辨析： heat wave:指持续一段时间的极端高温天气，为气象学专有名词。 hot weather:泛指“炎热的天气”，程度较heat wave轻。 同义替换： heat spell,hot wave 例句： The heat wave caused a sharp increase in electricity consumption. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册阅读真题) During the last summer,many people stayed indoors to avoid the heat. A.heat wave B.snowstorm C.earthquake(答案：A) 11.indoors/ndb:z/adv.在室内 词义辨析： indoors:副词，指“在室内”，其反义词是outdoors(在户外)。 inside:可作副词、介词或名词，指“在…里面”（如inside the room),范围更广。 同义替换： within doors,inside 4 高中外研版 【精讲专版】 选择性必修第二册 例句： It's too hot outside,so we decided to stay indoors. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册课时练） You should stay when there's a thunderstorm. A.indoors B.outdoors C.upstairs (答案：A) 12.fuel/'fju:al/n.燃料 词义辨析： fel:指“燃料”（如煤、石油、天然气等），用于产生能量。 energy:指“能量、能源”，是抽象概念（如solar energy)。 同义替换： combustible,fuel source 例句： Coal and oil are important sources of fuel. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册单元检测） The car runs on a new type of that is more environmentally friendly. A.fuel B.water C.stone (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.We should learn to the beauty of nature instead of destroying it. A.appreciate B.ignore C.waste 2.The first step in solving the problem is of importance A.crucial B.common C.slight 3.Parents should not their children's freedom too much. A.restrict B.encourage C.expand 4.Despite the difficulties,he remained about the project. 高中外研版 【精讲专版】 选择性必修第二册 A.optimistic B.pessimistic C.nervous 5.Teenagers need to learn how to their emotions. A.cope with B.play with C.agree with 6.We must all hidden dangers before the project starts. A.eliminate B.create C.accept 7.During the heat wave,the sun made outdoor activities impossible. A.fierce B.gentle C.dim 8.It'snot easy to bad habits. A.get rid of B.hold on to C.look forward to 9.The government has quickly to the public's concerns. A.reacted B.ignored C.forgotten 10.During the last summer,many people stayed indoors to avoid the heat A.heat wave B.snowstorm C.earthquake 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.It's important to athe value of teamwork in group projects. 2.Water is c for human survival-we can't live without it. 3.The libraryrreaders to keep quiet and not disturb others. 4.She always has an o attitude,even when facing challenges. 6 高中外研版 【精讲专版】 选择性必修第二册 5.T0」 (cope with)stress,many people practice yoga or meditation. 6.The company plans to eall plastic packaging by the end of the year. 7.The f competition between the two teams made the game exciting. 8.We need togrid of outdatedrules to improve efficiency. 9.How did the audience r to the singer's new song at the concert? 10.Staying i_ during a heat wave can help prevent heatstroke. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.She is always. (optimistic)about her future and works hard to achieve her goals. 2.Regular exercise is crucial for (maintain)good health 3.Smoking (restrict)to designated areas in most public buildings 4.The team (react)quickly to the opponent'snew strategy and won the game. 5.We should try to (eliminate)waste by recycling and reusing materials 6.He (appreciate)the help from his friends when he was in trouble 7.The (fierce)of the storm surprised everyone in the village 8.It's difficult to (cope with)the pressure of final exams alone. 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.我们应该学会欣赏他人的努力， 而不是批评他们。 We should learn to others'efforts instead of criticizing them. 2.这个决定对项目的成功至关重要。 This decision is the success of the project. 3.父母不应该过度限制孩子的兴趣爱好。 Parents should not their children's hobbies too much. 4.尽管遇到很多困难，她仍然对结果持乐观态度。 Despite many difficulties,she remained the result. 5.学会应对压力是现代生活的一项重要技能。 Learning to stress is an important skill in modern life. 高中外研版 【精讲专版】 选择性必修第二册 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Climate change has become a global challenge.One (crucial/important)step to address it is to reduce carbon emissions.Governments and companies are trying to (eliminate/remove) the use of fossil fuels and promote clean energy.During(heat wave/hot weather),people are advised to stay (indoors/inside)and avoid intense outdoor activities. Scientists are (optimistic/positive)about the future if we take action now.They encourage everyone to (appreciate/value)nature and take small steps,such asrecycling andsaving energy. By working together,we can (cope with/deal with)this challenge and protect our planet 参考答案 I单项选择 1.A2.A3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A IⅡ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.appreciate 2.crucial 3.restricts 4.optimistic 5.cope with 6.eliminate 7.fierce 8.get 9.react 10.indoors I.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.optimistic 2.maintaining 3.is restricted 4reacted 5.eliminate 6.appreciated 7.fierce- ness 8.cope with V.完成句子 1.appreciate 2.crucial for 3.restrict 4.optimistic about 5.cope with V.语篇填空 1.crucial 2.eliminate 3.heat wave 4.indoors 5.optimistic 6.appreciate 7.cope with P