Unit 4 Breaking boundaries二-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第二册（外研版）

高中外研版 【核心词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 核心词汇 【Unit4】Breaking boundaries 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 ward/w:d/n.病房 inclusive /m'klu:sIv/adj.包容广 mount/mamt/v.走上，登上 compensate /'kpmpensert/v. 阔的 civil/'svl/adj.公民的，国民的 补，补偿 culture shock文化冲击 civil war内战 collaborate/ka'laebareit/v.合作，joint/d3mt/adj.联合的，共同slave/slerv/n.奴隶 协作 的 confederate /kan'fedarat/adj. realistic/ri:a3'listik/adj.(目标、harmonious /ha:'mauni3sl adj.(美国内战期间)南部联邦的 希望)能够实现的 和睦的，融洽的 union/'ju:nian/n.联邦 minority /mar'nprati/n.少数派：mutual'mju:tfuol/adj.共有的，civilian/sa'vIlian/ad.平民的： 少数 共同的 百姓的 cast /ka:st/v.选派（角色） rewarding'w:d/adj.值得 mankind /man'kand/n.人类 做的，有意义的 词义辨析及同义替换 1. mutual/'mju:tual/adj.共有的，共同的 词义辨析： mutual:强调双方之间“共同的、相互的”，如mutual respect(相互尊重)，mutual benefit（互 利)，侧重双向性。 common:侧重“普遍的、常见的”，指多人共有的，如common interest(共同兴趣)，使用范围 更广。 同义替换： common,shared 例句： The two countries have a mutual agreement to protect the environment 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） We have a_goal to improve our English speaking skills A.mutual 高中外研版 【核心词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 B.single C.personal (答案：A) 2.joint/d3omt/adj.联合的，共同的 词义辨析： joint::侧重“联合的、合作的”，强调多个主体共同参与做某事，如joint effort（共同努力)，joint project(联合项目)。 mutual:强调“相互的、彼此的”，如mutual understanding(相互理解)，不强调共同行动。 同义替换： shared,collective 例句： The team made a joint decision to postpone the meeting. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册单元测试） The two companies signed a__agreement to develop new technology A.personal B.joint C.separate (答案：B) 3.harmonious/ha:'mani3sadj.和睦的，融洽的 词义辨析： harmonious:形容关系、氛围“和谐的、融洽的”，如harmonious family(和睦的家庭)，harmonious society(和谐社会)。 friendly:侧重“友好的、友善的”，形容人的态度或行为，如friendly smile(友好的微笑)。 同义替换： friendly,peaceful 例句： We live in a harmonious neighborhood where everyone helps each other. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册期中复习题） A relationship between students and teachers is important for learning A.harmonious B.difficult C.boring (答案：A) 4.rewarding/r'w:d/adj.值得做的，有意义的 词义辨析： rewarding:指“值得的、有回报的”，强调从做某事中获得满足感或益处，如rewarding job(有 高中外研版 【核心词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 意义的工作)。 worthwhile:含义相近，侧重“值得花时间/精力的”，如worthwhile effort(值得的努力)，可作 表语或定语。 同义替换： worthwhile,fulfilling 例句： Volunteering in the community is a rewarding experience for many young people. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） Although the work is hard,it is_because we can help others A.rewarding B.easy C.boring (答案：A) 5.realistic/ri:'listrk/adj.(目标、希望)能够实现的 词义辨析： realistic:指“现实的、切实可行的”，强调符合实际情况，如realistic goal(切实可行的目标)。 practical:侧重“实用的、实际的”，指具体可行或有实际用途，如practical advice(实用建议)。 同义替换： practical,feasible 例句： It's important to set realistic expectations for your study plan 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册单元测试） You need to make a-plan that you can actually follow. A.realistic B.impossible C.random (答案：A) 6.collaborate/ka'laebareIt/v.合作，协作 词义辨析： collaborate:指“合作、协作”，尤指为共同目标一起工作，常与with连用，如collaborate with sb.on a project. cooperate:含义更广泛，指“配合、合作”，可用于日常或正式场合，如cooperate with the police。 同义替换： cooperate,work together 例句： The two scientists will collaborate on a research paper about climate change 3 高中外研版 【核心词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册期中复习题） We need to with other teams to complete the task on time. A.compete B.collaborate C.argue (答案：B) 7.minority/mar'nprati/n.少数派；少数 词义辨析： minority:指“少数群体、少数派”，与majority(多数)相对，如ethnic minority(少数民族)。 few:侧重数量上“少量的、几个”，修饰可数名词复数，如a few students（几个学生)。 同义替换： small number,few 例句： The minority in the group disagreed with the final decision. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） Only a_of people support this new policy. A.minority B.majority C.total (答案：A) 8.inclusive/in'klu:srv/adj.包容广阔的 词义辨析： inclusive:指“包容的、广泛的”，强调包含所有相关的人或事物，如inclusive policy(包容性政 策) comprehensive:侧重“全面的、详尽的”，如comprehensive report(全面报告)，强调内容完整。 同义替换： comprehensive,all-inclusive 例句： Our school has an inclusive environment where all students feel welcome. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册单元测试） The new plan is more__and considers the needs of all students. A.exclusive B.inclusive C.narrow (答案：B) 9.compensate/'kompenseit/.v.弥补，补偿 4 高中外研版 【核心词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 词义辨析： compensate:指“补偿、赔偿”，因损失或伤害而给予补偿，常用搭配compensate for(弥补)。 reward:指“奖励、回报”，因好的行为或成就而给予奖励，如reward sb.for sth.。 同义替换： make up for,compensate for 例句： The company will compensate us for the delay in delivery. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） She tried to_for her mistake by working extra hours. A.compensate B.punish C.ignore (答案：A) 10.civil/'sIv/adj.公民的，国民的 词义辨析： civil:指“公民的、民事的”，如civil rights(公民权利)，civil law(民法)，与“军事的、宗教 的”相对。 civic:侧重“城市的、市民的”，如civic duty(市民义务)，civic center(市民中心)。 同义替换： civic,public 例句 Every citizen has the right to enjoy civil liberties. 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修第二册单元测试） education is important for developing responsible citizens. A.Civil B.Military C.Religious (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The two friends have arespect for each other's opinions. A.mutual 高中外研版 【核心词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 B.common C.single 2.Our class made adecision to organize a charity event next month. A.personal B.joint C.separate 3.A-atmosphere in the classroom helps students learn better. A.harmonious B.difficult C.boring 4.Teaching children can be tiring,but it is also very_ A.rewarding B.easy C.boring 5.You should setgoals instead of dreaming about impossible ones. A.realistic B.impossible C.random 6.Scientists from different countries willon a project to find a cure for the disease A.compete B.collaborate C.argue 7.Only aof the students voted for the new school rules A.minority B.majority C.total 8.The company aims to create an_workplace where everyone feels valued. A.exclusive B.inclusive C.narrow 9.The hotel willguests for the poor service during their stay. A.compensate B.punish C.ignore 10.rights protect the basic freedoms of all citizens in a country. 6 高中外研版 【核心词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 A.Civil B.Military C.Religious 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.The project requires the cof experts from three different fields 2.She spent extra time studying to cfor her absence from the previous class 3.In a healthy society,the needs of both the majority and m should be considered. 4.The school's new policy is more iand welcomes students with different backgrounds. 5.It's important to have a hrelationship with your roommates when living on campus. 6.Volunteer work is rbecause it allows you to make a difference in others'lives. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.We need to work (collaborate)to solve this problem efficiently. 2.Setting(realistic)expectations is key to avoiding disappointment. 3.The team made a(joint)effort to finish the project ahead of schedule. 4.The club aims to create an (inclusive)environment for all members. 5.She tried to(compensate)for her mistake by offering to help with the task. 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.两国签署了一项互利的协议。 The two countries signed an agreement for_ 2.这个项目是儿个部门共同努力的结果。 The project is the result of aby several departments. 3.我们应该学会欣赏文化差异，创造和谐的社区。 We should learn to appreciate cultural differences and build a. 4.尽管这份工作很有挑战性，但它非常有意义。 Although the job is challenging,it is highly. 7 高中外研版 【核心词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 5.为了按时完成任务，我们需要与其他团队合作。 To complete the task on time,we need to_other teams. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 In today's world,building(harmonious)relationships between people from different backgrounds is more important than ever.This requires us to be_(inclusive)and respect both majority and -(minority)groups.For example,when working on a team project,it's necessary to_(collaborate) with others and listen to different opinions. A-(joint)effort can often lead to better results than working alone.However,conflicts may still arise.In such cases,it's important to stay calm and try to(compensate)for any misunderstandings. Setting-(realistic)goals and communicating openly can help prevent disagreements. In summary,fostering mutual respect and practicing(civil)behavior are essential for creating a peaceful and inclusive society. 参考答案 I单项选择 1.A2B 3,A4.A5.A6B7.A8B9A10.A Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.collaboration 2.compensate 3.minority 4.inclusive 5.harmonious 6.rewarding L.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.collaboratively 2realistic 3.joint 4.inclusive 5.compensate V.完成句子 1.mutual benefit 2.joint effort 3.harmonious community 4.rewarding 5.collaborate with V.语篇填空 1.harmonious 2.inclusive 3.minority 4.collaborate 5.joint 6.compensate 7.realistic 8.civil 8