Unit 5 First Aid 三-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第二册（人教版）

高中选修2人教 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 寒假专版 【Unit5】First Aid三 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 desperate/'desparat/adj.绝望tightly/'tartli//adv.紧紧地；牢固collapse /ka'leps/vi.(突然)倒 的孤注一掷的：非常需要的地；紧密地 塌：（因病等）昏倒 sla即/lep/t.(用手掌)打、拍n.tight/tart/adj.牢固的；紧身的：manual/'maenjual/n.使用手册： (用手掌)打、拍：拍击声 绷紧的：严密的adv.紧紧地：牢说明书adj.用手的：手工的：体 help sb to one,s feet短语帮助固地 力的：手控的 某人站起身来 motion/'ma心n/n.运动：移动sleep in短语迟起；睡过头；睡 practical/'praektikl/adj.切实可face up/dowm短语面朝上（朝懒觉 行的：实际的：实践的 下) out of shape短语健康状况不好 obstruction /ab'strAk[n/n.阻碍：justify /'d3 Astrfar/t.证明·foggy/fDgi/adj.有雾的 堵塞；阻塞物 有道理：为…辩护；是…的suburb/'sAb3b/n.郊区；城外 fist/fist/n.拳：拳头 正当理由 membership /'membafip/n. grab/greb/t.抓住；攫取n.抓 welfare/welfea()/n.幸福：福员身份：全体会员：会员人数 取：抢夺 祉：安康：福利 词义辨析及同义替换 1.desperate/'desparat/adj.绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的 词义辨析： desperate:侧重因绝望而采取极端行为，或表示“非常需要的”，语气强烈。 hopeless:.仅表示“没有希望的”，程度上比desperate更绝对，但无“孤注一掷”的含义。 同义替换： hopeless,desperate for 例句： The lost hiker was desperate for water after three days in the desert. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修2同步练习） Without enough money for treatment,the patient felt about his future. A.desperate B.anxious C.hopeful(答案：A) 高中选修2人教 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 2.practical/'praektikl/adj.切实可行的；实际的；实践的 词义辨析： practical:强调“实用的、可行的”，侧重解决实际问题。 realistic:指“现实的、符合实际的”，侧重与客观事实相符。 同义替换： realistic,feasible 例句： We need a practical plan to solve the traffic problem in the city. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修2单元测试） Instead of dreaming of becoming a millionaire overnight,you should set goals. A.practical B.perfect C.abstract(答案：A) 3.collapse /k3'laeps/vi.(突然)倒塌；（因病等）昏倒 词义辨析： collapse:指物体“倒塌”或人“昏倒”，强调突然性。 fal:泛指“落下、跌倒”，范围更广，可指自然掉落或意外摔倒。 同义替换： fall down,faint 例句： The old building collapsed during the earthquake. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修2阅读理解） The climber from the mountain because of exhaustion and was saved by rescuers. A.collapsed B.jumped C.walked (答案：A) 4.manual/'maenjual/n.使用手册；说明书adj.用手的：手工的 词义辨析： manual（adj.):强调“手工的、体力的”，与“机械的”相对。 handmade:特指“手工制作的”，仅用于物品。 同义替换： handmade,physical 例句： This factory still uses manual labor for some delicate products. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修2词汇填空） The work is tiring,but it requires great patience. A.manual B.electric C.automatic(答案：A) 5.tight/tart/adj..牢固的；紧身的av.紧紧地 高中选修2人教 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： tight(adj.):作形容词时指“紧身的、牢固的”，作副词时与tightly同义，但tightly更正式。 tightly:仅作副词，强调“紧紧地”，修饰动词。 同义替换： firm,closely 例句： She held the baby tight/tightly in her arms 真题链接：（人教版高中选修2语法填空） The door was shut,so we couldn't open it. A.tight B.tightly C.wide (答案：B) 6.justify/d3 Astifar/t.证明…有道理；为…辩护 词义辨析： justify:强调“通过理由证明合理性”，后接名词或动名词。 defend:侧重“为…辩护、保护”，可指辩解或武力保护。 同义替换： defend,prove..reasonable 例句： The government tried to justify the new policy with economic data. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修2完形填空） You need to your decision to leave the company to your boss A.justify B.explain C.hide (答案：A) 7.welfare/welfea(r)/n.幸福：福利 词义辨析： welfare:指“社会福利”或“个人福祉”，范围较广。 well-being:侧重“身心健康、幸福感”，更强调个人状态。 同义替换： well-being,benefit 例句： The government has taken measures to improve public welfare. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修2写作） We should care about the of the elderly in the community A.welfare B.wealth C.health (答案：A) 8.motion/m35m/n.运动；移动 词义辨析： motion:指“抽象的运动”或“手势”，科学术语中常用。 movement:指“具体的动作”或“群众性运动”。 高中选修2人教 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： movement,action 例句： The dancer's motion was smooth and elegant 真题链接：（人教版高中选修2物理相关阅读） Newton's laws describe the of objects under different forces. A.motion B.speed C.direction(答案：A) 9.suburb/'sab3b/n.郊区；城外 词义辨析： sbub:指城市周边的“郊区”，通常为住宅区。 outskirts:指城市的“边缘地带”，范围更模糊，可包括未开发区域。 同义替换： outskirts,residential area 例句： Many people prefer to live in the suburb because of the fresh air 真题链接：（人教版高中选修2阅读理解） The factory was built on the of the city to reduce pollution in the center A.suburbs B.downtown C.countryside(答案：A) l0.membership/'membafip/n.会员身份：全体会员 词义辨析： membership:指“会员资格”或“会员群体”，为抽象名词。 member:指“个体会员”，为可数名词。 同义替换： membership status,member group 例句： His membership in the club will expire next month 真题链接：（人教版高中选修2短文改错） She applied for the of the sports team and was accepted. A.membership B.member C.join （答案：A) 11.fogy/'fogi/adj.有雾的 词义辨析： foggy:指“有雾的”，天气现象。 misty:指“多雾的、朦胧的”，雾更轻，常带诗意。 同义替换： misty,fog-bound 4 高中选修2人教 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 例句： The airport was closed due to foggy weather. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修2完形填空） On a morning,drivers should slow down to avoid accidents. A.foggy B.sunny C.rainy (答案：A) l2.out of shape健康状况不好 词义辨析： out of shape:特指“身体不健康、体型走样”。 unhealthy:泛指“不健康的”，可指身体或习惯。 同义替换： unfit,in poor health 例句： He has been out of shape since he stopped exercising 真题链接：（人教版高中选修2阅读理解） If you eat too much junk food and rarely exercise,you will get A.out of shape B.in shape C.energetic(答案：A) l3.sleep in迟起；睡懒觉 词义辨析： sleep in:强调“有意或无意睡过头”，不及物动词短语。 oversleep:指“睡过头”，为动词，后不接介词。 同义替换： oversleep,lie in 例句： I usually sleep in on weekends to make up for lost sleep. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修2情景对话） -Why are you late?-I and missed the early bus. A.slept in B.stayed up C.woke up(答案：A) 14.grab/greb/t.抓住；攫取 词义辨析： grab:强调“突然抓住、抢夺”，动作快而粗鲁。 seize:指“用力抓住”，可用于具体或抽象事物（如机会）。 同义替换： seize,catch 例句： He grabbed the last ticket before it was sold out. 高中选修2人教 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 真题链接：（人教版高中选修2阅读理解） The thief the woman's bag and ran away quickly. A.grabbed B.bought C.found (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The team made a attempt to win the game in the last five minutes. A.desperate B.hopeless C.anxious 2.You should choose a solution instead of a theoretical one to solve this problem. A.realistic B.practical C.abstract 3.The old bridge under the weight of the truck and caused a traffic jam A.collapsed B.fell C.jumped 4.This traditional craft requires skills rather than machine production. A.handmade B.manual C.physical 5.The child held the toy in his hand and refused to let go. A.tight B.tightly C.wide 6.The company needs to its high pricing strategy to customers. A.defend B.justify C.explain 7.The government has launched new policies to improve public A.welfare 6 高中选修2人教 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 B.well-being C.health 8.The physics textbook explains the of planets around the sun. A.motion B.movement C.speed 9.Many young people prefer to live in the for lower housing costs. A.suburbs B.outskirts C.countryside 10.She applied for in the music club and attended her first meeting yesterday A.membership B.member C.join 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.After three days without food,the hiker was d for survival. 2.The engineer proposed a pplan to reduce energy consumption in the factory. 3.The sudden storm caused the roof of the hut to c_overnight. 4.The factory still uses mlabor for assembling delicate electronic parts. 5.The door was shut t to keep the cold wind out of the room. 6.The manager tried to jthe decision to lay off workers with financial reports. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The(fog)weather delayed the flight for two hours. 2.He has been(shape)since he stopped going to the gym last year. 3.She_(grab)her coat and rushed out of the house to catch the bus 4.The(member)of the club voted to elect a new president yesterday. 5.The teacher emphasized the importance of(practice)experience in learning. 四、完成句子（每空一词） 7 高中选修2人教 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 1.由于没有足够的资金，他们对项目的未来感到绝望。 Without enough funds,they feltthe project's future. 2.我们需要制定一个切实可行的计划来应对城市交通间题。 We need to make ato deal with the city's traffic problems. 3.登山者因体力不支而昏倒，被救援队及时救起。 The climber__exhaustion and was rescued by the team in time. 4.这本使用手册详细说明了如何操作这台机器。 Theexplains how to operate the machine in detail. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 A group of volunteers decided to help the elderly in the(suburb)community.Many of the el- derly there were in poor health and(desperate)needed daily care.The volunteers first created a (practice)schedule,visiting every weekend to assist with housework and check their(welfare). One morning,an old man suddenly(collapse)while walking.The volunteers quickly(grab) him and called for an ambulance.Later,the doctor said his condition was(critical)but stable,and praised the volunteers for their quick action. The volunteers also taught the elderly simple exercises to avoid getting-(shape).They explained that regular activity could improve their(well-being).By the end of the month,the volunteers' efforts had made a real difference,and the community felt more connected. 参考答案 I单项选择 1.A2B3.A4.B5.B6B7.A8.A9.A10.A Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.desperate 2.practical 3.collapse 4.manual 5.tightly 6.justify 工用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.foggy 2.out of shape 3.grabbed 4.membership 5.practical V.完成句子 1.desperate about 2.practical plan 3.collapsed from 4.manual book 8 高中选修2人教 【寒假专版】D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 V.语篇填空 1.suburban 2.desperately 3.practical 4.welfare 5.collapsed 6.grabbed 7.critically 8.out of shape 9.well-being