Unit 2 Bridging Cultures 二-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第二册（人教版）

高中选修2人教 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 精讲专版 【Unit2】Bridging Cultures 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 culture shock短语文化冲击 …的动机：激发：激励 departure/dpa.tar)/n.离开： zone/2m/n.(有别于周围的) advisor/ad'vaIza(r)/n.(also-ser)启程；出发 地区；地带；区域 顾问 setting/'set/n.环境；背景； comfort zone短语舒适区；舒适reasonable/'ri:znb/adj.有道（小说等的）情节背景 范围 理的；合情理的 grasp/gra:sp/t.理解；领会：抓 overwhelming /aova'welmm/expectation/.ekspek'tern/n. adj.无法抗拒的：巨大的：压倒望：预期；期待 dramatic/dra'maetik/adj.巨大 性的 applicant/aplikant/n.申请人的：突然的：急刷的：戏剧（般） homesickness/'haumsiknas/n.firm/f3m/n.公司：商行：事务的 思乡病：乡愁 所adj.结实的；牢固的；坚定的expense/k'spens//n.费用：花 motivated/'mautrveitid/adj.积exposure/k'sp33a()/n.接触；费；开销 极的：主动的 体验；暴露；揭露 cost an arm and a leg短语（使） motivation/matr'veIn/n.动expose /ik'spaz/t.使接触；使花一大笔钱 力：积极性；动机 体验：显露：使暴露于（险境） motivate/mautivert/.t.成为insight/'msat/n.洞察力：眼光 词义辨析及同义替换 l.notivated/'/adj.积极的；主动的 词义辨析： motivated:侧重形容人因内在动力或目标而表现出“积极主动的”状态，常与by搭配表“由… 驱动”。 active:强调“活跃的、行动积极的”，侧重外在行为表现，不强调内在动机。 同义替换： driven,proactive 例句： She is highly motivated to learn English because she wants to study abroad. 1 高中选修2人教 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 真题链接：（人教版高中选修2同步练习） The students who are by curiosity often make greater progress in science A.motivated B.active C.strict(答案：A) 2.motivation/mat'vem/n.动力：积极性：动机 词义辨析： motivation:指推动人行动的“内在动机或动力”，多为抽象概念。 motive::侧重“具体的动机、目的”，尤其指行为背后的潜在原因，可用于贬义。 同义替换： drive,incentive 例句： Her main motivation for exercising is to stay healthy. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修2单元检测） The police are trying to find out the behind the suspect's criminal behavior. A.motivation B.motive C.movement(答案：B) 3.expose/ik'spUz/t.使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于（险境） 词义辨析： expose:强调“使接触新事物”或“使暴露于危险/风险中”，常用搭配expose..to。 reveal:侧重“揭露、透露”原本隐藏的事实或信息。 同义替换： introduce (to),uncover 例句： Traveling can expose children to different cultures and languages 真题链接：（人教版高中选修2同步练习） Staying in the sun for too long may your skin to harmful radiation A.expose B.reveal C.show (答案：A) 4. exposure/Ik'spaU39()/n.接触：体验：暴露；揭露 词义辨析： exposure:expose的名词形式，指“接触、暴露”的状态或过程，搭配to sth.。 disclosure:侧重“（官方或正式的）披露、公开”，尤指秘密或敏感信息的公布。 同义替换： contact (with),unmasking 例句： Exposure to loud noise for a long time can damage hearing 真题链接：（人教版高中选修2单元检测） The of the corruption scandal led to the minister's resignation. A.exposure B.disclosure C.exhibition (答案：A) 高中选修2人教 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 5.firm/f3m/n.公司：商行：事务所ad.结实的：牢固的：坚定的 词义辨析： fim(n.):指“中小型公司、商行”，规模小于company,尤指专业服务类机构（如律师事务所）。 company:泛指“公司”，规模可大可小，使用范围最广。 fim（adj.):形容物体“结实的”或人“坚定的、不动摇的”，反义词为loose/weak。 同义替换： company (n.),solid (adj.) 例句： (1)He works in a law firm downtown.(2)She has a firm belief in her own abilities. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修2同步练习） My father runs a small」 that sells electronic products. A.fimB.factory C.hospital(答案：A) 6.grasp/gra:sp/t.理解：领会：抓紧 词义辨析： gsp:侧重“深刻理解、领会”抽象概念（如知识、意义），或“紧紧抓住”具体物体。 understand: 泛指“理解”，程度较gsp浅，不强调“深入”。 同义替换： comprehend,seize 例句： It took her a long time to grasp the main idea of the passage 真题链接：（人教版高中选修2单元检测） If you can the basic principles of math,you'll find the problem easy. A.grasp B.hold C.catch(答案：A) 7.dramatic/dra'metk/adj.巨大的：突然的：急剧的；戏剧（般）的 词义辨析： dramatic:形容变化“巨大而突然的”，或场景“戏剧化的、激动人心的”。 great:泛指“大的、显著的”，程度上可强可弱，无“突然”含义。 同义替换： sharp,striking 例句： There has been a dramatic increase in online shopping since last year. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修2同步练习） The change in the weather caused many flights to be canceled. A.dramatic B.great C.slow(答案：A) 8.expense/k'spens/n.费用：花费；开销 3 高中选修2人教 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： expense:指“具体的花费、开销”，常用搭配at the expense of(以…为代价)。 c0st:泛指“成本、费用”，可指时间、金钱或精力的消耗。 同义替换： cost,expenditure 例句： The expense of studying abroad is too high for some families. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修2单元检测） We need to cut down on if we want to save money for the trip A.expenses B.costs C.prices(答案：A) 9.cost an arm and a leg短语（使）花一大笔钱 词义辨析： cost an arm and a leg:口语化短语，强调“花费极高、代价巨大”，夸张手法。 cost a fortune::与前者含义相近，但语气稍正式，强调“价值连城”。 同义替换： cost a fortune,be very expensive 例句： Buying a house in the city center will cost an arm and a leg. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修2同步练习） The new iPhone model,so I can't afford it this year. A.costs an arm and a leg B.costs little C.is cheap (答案：A) l0.reasonable/'ri:znbl/adj.有道理的；合情理的 词义辨析： reasonable: 指“合乎逻辑、有道理的”（如观点、要求）或“价格公道的”。 sensible:侧重“明智的、务实的”，形容人或行为“理性、不冲动”。 同义替换： rational,fair 例句： It's reasonable to ask for a higher salary if you work overtime. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修2单元检测） -Do you think his request is? -Yes,he only asks for a few days off to attend his sister's wedding. A.reasonable B.sensible C.impossible(答案：A) Il.expectation/,ekspek'ten/n.期望；预期；期待 词义辨析： expectation:指“对某人/某事的期望”，常用复数形式expectations,可搭配meet/live up to(达 高中选修2人教 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 到期望)。 hope:侧重“个人主观的希望、愿望”，语气较轻松，实现可能性不一定高。 同义替换： anticipation,hope 例句： The team failed to meet the coach's expectations this season. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修2同步练习) Parents often have high for their children's academic performance. A.expectations B.hopes C.dreams (答案：A) l2.setting/'set/n.环境：背景；（小说等的）情节背景 词义辨析： setting:指“故事、事件发生的具体环境或背景”，包括时间、地点和社会环境。 background:泛指“背景”，可指个人经历、历史背景或画面的背景部分。 同义替换： scene,context 例句： The novel's setting is a small village in the 19th century. 真题链接：（人教版高中选修2单元检测） The of the movie is a war-torn country in the 1940s. A.setting B.background C.environment (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The team's success was largely due to their_members who worked hard to achieve the goal. A.motivated B.active C.strict 2.The police are still investigating thebehind the recent theft in the shopping mall. A.motivation B.motive C.movement 3.Staying indoors for too long may prevent children from being-to fresh air and sunlight 5 高中选修2人教 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 A.exposed B.revealed C.shown 4.Long-term-to polluted air can lead to serious health problems. A.exposure B.disclosure C.exhibition 5.My uncle runs a small that provides legal advice to local businesses. A.firm B.factory C.hospital 6.It took me hours to_the main concept of this scientific theory. A.grasp B.hold C.catch 7.The-drop in temperature yesterday caused many people to catch a cold. A.dramatic B.great C.slow 8.We need to reduce unnecessary-to save money for our vacation. A.expenses B.costs C.prices 9.The luxury car_so most people can't afford it. A.costs an arm and a leg B.costs little C.is cheap 10.Her request for a day off to attend her grandmother's birthday is_ A.reasonable B.sensible C.impossible 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.The company'snew policy has increased employees'mto work harder. 6 高中选修2人教 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 2.The main mfor his decision to study abroad is to improve his language skills. 3.Children should be e to different cultures to broaden their horizons. 4.The e_of the secret document caused a big scandal in the government. 5.My father works in a law f in the city center. 6.It's important to g-the basic rules of grammar when learning a new language. 7.There has been a dchange in her attitude since she started working here. 8.The e of the trip includes transportation,accommodation,and meals. 9.Buying a house in this area will c_an arm and a leg. 10.It'srto ask for a salary increase after working hard for a year. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.She is highly(motivate)by her desire to become a doctor. 2.His main(motivate)for exercising is to keep fit. 3.Traveling can_(expose)children to diverse lifestyles and traditions. 4.Long-term-(expose)to blue light from screens may harm eyesight. 5.The small_(firm)was founded by three young entrepreneurs last year. 6.He has a_(firm)belief that hard work leads to success. 7.It's not easy to _(grasp)the true meaning of this ancient poem. 8.There was a_(dramatic)increase in online orders during the holiday season 9.We need to cut down on _(expense)to balance the budget. 10.Her_(expect)for the project was higher than what was actually achieved. 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.学生们的好奇心驱使他们探索科学的奥秘。 The students are_by curiosity to explore the mysteries of science. 2.长期接触噪音会损害听力。 Long-term_to noise can damage hearing. 高中选修2人教 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 3.这家小公司专门销售环保产品。 This smallspecializes in selling environmentally friendly products. 4.如果你能理解这些数学原理，解题会变得容易。 If you canthese math principles,solving problems will be easier. 5.近年来，智能手机的使用量急剧增加。 There has been a_increase in the use of smartphones in recent years. 6.他为了买那辆新车花了一大笔钱。 The new car_him an arm and a leg. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 In recent years,online learning has become more popular,especially after the pandemic.Many stu- dents find it a good way to study,but some lack the(motivate)to learn independently.Teachers often try to_(expose)students to interesting resources to keep them engaged. A small(firm)in Beijing developed an online platform that helps students-(grasp)knowledge through interactive activities.The platform has seen a(dramatic)growth in users since last year. However,the(expense)of maintaining the platform is high,and some users complain it-(cost) an arm and a leg.Despite this,most users agree that the platform's benefits are_(reasonable) compared to traditional courses. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.A2B3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.motivation 2.motivation 3.exposed 4.exposure 5.firm 6.grasp 7.dramatic 8.ex- pense 9.cost 10.reasonable 工用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.motivated 2.motivation 3.expose 4.exposure 5.firm 6.firm 7.grasp 8.dramatic 9.expenses 10.expectation V.完成句子 1.motivated 2.exposure 3.firm 4.grasp 5.dramatic 6.cost P 高中选修2人教 【精讲专版】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 V语篇填空 1.motivation 2.expose 3.firm 4.grasp 5.dramatic 6.expense 7.costs 8.reasonable