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高中选修2人教
【寒假专版】
D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲
寒假专版
【Unit5】First Aid
词义辨析及同义替换精讲
本单元核心词汇
一、全部单元单词
technique/tek'nikn.技能;技
次要的:轻微的
(社会、机构等的)结构
术:技艺
layer/'leIa(r);le(r)/n.层;表loose/lu:s/ad.松的:未系紧的:
leaflet /'li:flat/.n.散页印刷品:
层;层次
宽松的
传单:小册子
electric /'lektrik/adj.电的;用urgent/'3:d3ant/adj.紧急的;急
organ/':g3n/n.(人或动植物
电的:电动的
迫的:急切的
的)器官
electric shock短语触电:电击ease/i:z/vi.&t.(使)宽慰:减
toxin/toksin/n.毒素(尤指细菌victim/'viktu/n.受害者;患者轻;缓解n.容易:舒适:自在
产生的致病物质)
swollen/'swaulan/adj.(身体部paramedic/,per3'medik/n.急
raye/n.光线;光束;(热、电位)肿起的:肿胀的
救医生:护理人员
等)射线
swell/swel/vi.(swelled,swollen)swallow/'swplau/vt.&vi.吞下:
sense of touch短语触觉
膨胀;肿胀
咽下
radiation/.reidi'en/n.辐射;放blister/'blista(r)/n.(皮肤上因摩wrap /raep/t.包、裹;(用手臂
射线
擦、烫伤等引起的)水疱:(金属等围住
acid/'esId/n.酸adj.酸的:酸等表面的)气泡、水泡
bathtub/ba:θtAb/n.浴缸;浴盆
性的
underneath /,Anda'ni:0/prep.bath /ba:0/n.
洗澡;
millimetre/mli,mi:ta(r)/n.毫adv.在…底下;隐藏在下面BrE-bathtub)浴缸;浴盆t.
米:千分之一米
nerve /n3v/n.神经
NAmE-bathe)给…洗澡
minor/man3(r)/adj.较小的:fabric/'faebrik/n.织物:布料:
词义辨析及同义替换
1.organ/':gn/n.(人或动植物的)器官
词义辨析:
ogan:主要指生物体内执行特定功能的器官(如心脏、肝脏),也可指“机构、机关”(如政府
机构)。
organism:
指“生物体、有机体”,侧重完整的生命个体,而非单一器官。
同义替换:
高中选修2人教
【寒假专版】
D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲
body part,internal organ
例句:
The heart is a vital organ that pumps blood throughout the body
2.acid/'esId/n.酸adj.酸的;酸性的
词义辨析:
acid(ad.):强调物质具有酸性,pH值低于7,味觉上“酸的”(如柠檬汁)。
sour:
仅指味觉上“酸的”(如未成熟的水果),不强调化学酸性。
同义替换:
acidic,sour(仅味觉)
例句
Vinegar has an acid taste and can be used in cooking
3.minor/mama)/adj.较小的:次要的;轻微的
词义辨析:
minor:侧重“程度轻、规模小”,与major(主要的)相对,可指伤害、问题等。
slight:强调“轻微的、微不足道的”(如slight pain“轻微疼痛”),程度比minor更弱。
同义替换:
small,secondary,slight
例句:
He suffered minor injuries in the accident and soon recovered.
4.electric'lektrik/ad.电的;用电的:电动的
词义辨析:
electric:指“由电驱动的、用电的”(如electric car电动汽车),侧重“与电相关的”。
electrical:指“电气的、电学的”(如electrical engineering电气工程),侧重学科或系统。
同义替换:
powered by electricity,electric-powered
例句:
We bought an electric fan to keep cool in summer
5.ease/i:z/vi.&vt.(使)宽慰;减轻;缓解n.容易:舒适:自在
词义辨析:
ease(v.):侧重“减轻痛苦、压力”(如ease pain),或“使放松”。
relieve:与ease近义,但更强调“暂时解除负担”(如relieve stress)。
同义替换:
relieve,alleviate:(n.)comfort,comfortableness
例句:
Taking deep breaths can help ease your anxiety before the exam.
2
高中选修2人教
【寒假专版】
D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲
6.wr ap /raep/t.包、裹:(用手臂等围住
词义辨析:
wma即:指用布、纸等“包裹”物体(如wrap a gift),或用手臂“环抱”。
pack:侧重“整理、打包”(如pack luggage),通常指为运输或储存而包装。
同义替换:
cover,enclose
例句:
She wrapped the present in colorful paper and tied it with a ribbon
7.bath /ba:θ/n.洗澡;(BrE-bathtub)浴缸:浴盆t.(NAmE=bathe)给…洗澡
词义辨析:
bath(n.):英式英语中可指“浴缸”或“洗澡”(如take a bath):作动词时为美式用法“给…
洗澡”。
bathe(v.):英式英语中“洗澡、游泳”(如bathe in the river),美式英语中“给…洗澡”(-bath)。
同义替换:
shower(淋浴),wash
例句:
I usually take a bath before going to bed to relax
8.ictim/'viktim/n.受害者:患者
词义辨析:
victim:指“受害者”(如事故、犯罪、疾病的受害者),强调被动承受伤害。
sufferer:指“患病者、受苦的人”,侧重长期受某种疾病或痛苦折磨。
同义替换:
casualty,sufferer
例句:
The victim of the fire was sent to the hospital immediately.
9.urgent/'3:d3ant/adj.紧急的:急迫的;急切的
词义辨析:
urgent:强调“需要立即处理的”(如urgent task),语气比pressing更强。
pressing:指“紧迫的、迫切的”(如pressing problem),但紧迫感略弱于urgent。
同义替换:
pressing,critical,immediate
例句:
It's urgent that we finish the report before the meeting tomorrow.
10.loose/lu:s/adj.松的;未系紧的;宽松的
高中选修2人教
【寒假专版】
D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲
词义辨析:
loose:指“不紧的、松动的”(如loose shoes宽松的鞋子),反义词tight。
slack:侧重“松弛的、不紧的”(如slack rope松弛的绳子),也可指“工作懈怠的”。
同义替换:
unfastened,baggy
例句:
Her hair was loose and fell over her shoulders
11.blister/blista(r)/n.(皮肤上因摩擦、烫伤等引起的)水疱
词义辨析:
blister:指皮肤因摩擦、烫伤或过敏形成的“水疱”,内含液体。
bump:指“肿块、隆起”(如碰撞后形成的肿包),不含液体。
同义替换:
vesicle,bubble
例句:
She got a blister on her foot after walking a long distance in new shoes.
l2.underneath/,nds'ni:θ/prep.&adv.在…底下;隐藏在下面
词义辨析:
underneath:强调“在…正下方”,可指表面之下或隐藏在内部。
under:泛指“在…下方”,位置关系更灵活,不一定是正下方。
同义替换:
below.beneath
例句:
The cat was hiding underneath the table
综合演练
综合练习
一、
单项选择
1.The heart is a vitalthat pumps blood throughout the body.
A.organ
B.organism
C.body part
2.Lemons taste_,but they are not as chemically acidic as vinegar.
4
高中选修2人教
【寒假专版】
D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲
A.acid
B.sour
C.acidic
3.He had a_cold and stayed at home for two days.
A.minor
B.slight
C.major
4.My father is an_engineer who designs power systems.
A.electric
B.electrical
C.electricity
5.The medicine helped to_her headache quickly.
A.ease
B.relieve
C.comfort
6.Pleasethe gift in red paper before giving it to her.
A.wrap
B.pack
C.cover
7.She decided to take a-to relax after a long day.
A.bath
B.bathe
C.shower
8.Theof the accident was sent to the hospital immediately.
A.victim
B.sufferer
C.casualty
9.It'sthat we hand in the project before Friday
A.urgent
B.pressing
C.immediate
10.Her shoes were too,so she had to tie the laces tightly.
A.loose
B.slack
C.baggy
高中选修2人教
【寒假专版】
D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲
二、根据句意及首字母提示填空
1.The liver is an important internal o_that helps digest food.
2.Vinegar has an ataste and is often used in cooking
3.He only had m injuries in the fall and didn't need surgery.
4.My mother bought an ekettle to boil water quickly.
5.Taking a walk after dinner can estress from work.
6.She used a scarf to w her neck against the cold wind.
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.The(organ)of the human body work together to keep us alive.
2.This drink has a (sour)taste because it contains lemon juice.
3.He suffered(minor)injuries in the car accident.
4.My brother is studying_(electrical)engineering at university.
5.The doctor gave her some medicine to(ease)the pain.
四、完成句子(每空一词)
1.这个小水疱是由于新鞋摩擦引起的。
The small_was caused by friction from new shoes.
2.猫正躲在桌子底下睡觉。
The cat is sleeping-the table.
3.她用彩色纸把礼物包了起来。
She the gift in colorful paper.
4.我们必须立即处理这个紧急问题。
We must deal with this-problem immediately.
五、语篇填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连
贯。
6
高中选修2人教
【寒假专版】
D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲
The human body is a complex system made up of many different(1)(organ/organism).Each part
has a specific function.For example,the stomach produces(2)(acid/sour)to help digest food
Sometimes,people may get(3)(minor/slight)injuries,like a(4)(blister/bump)on the foot from
tight shoes.When this happens,it's important to (5)(ease/relieve)the pain.You can also (6)
(wrap/pack)the foot with a bandage to protect it.
参考答案
I单项选择
1.A2B3.A4.B5.A6.A7.A
8.A9.A10.A
Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空
1.organ 2.acid 3.minor 4.electric 5.ease 6.wrap
ⅡL.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.organs 2.sour 3.minor 4.electrical 5.ease
V.完成句子
1.blister 2.underneath 3.wrapped 4.urgent
V.语篇填空
1.organs
2.acid 3.minor 4.blister 5.ease
6.wrap
7