Unit 5 Save the Planet二-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲必修第二册（冀教版）

高中英语冀教版 【必修2】 Unit5词义辨析精讲 核心词汇 【Unit5】Save the Planet 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、 全部单元单词 planet/plaenit/n.行星 有 外面的 demand/d'mand/n.要求；V.climate/'klammat//n.气候；风气advance/ad'vans/v.&n.发展： 需要 fuel/'fju:al/n.燃料 进步 romantic3u'maentik/adj.不切ocean/'n/n.大海；海洋 financial /far'nen/adj.财政的： 实际的：浪漫的 carbon/'ka:ban/n.碳 金融的 protest /pra3'test/v.反对；抗议；chain∫em/n.一系列：链子 perspective /p3'spektIv/n.态度： /'prautest/n.抗议 reaction/ri'kn/n.反应；回应观点 poison/'poIzn/n.毒药：毒素：V.attempt/A'tempt//n.&v.企图；尝chapter/'tfaepta(r)/n.时期：章 毒化；使恶化 试 petrol/petral/n.汽油 declare/d'kear)/V.公布；宣布；ecosystem/'i:k3 osistam/n.生态gas /gaes/n.气体燃料；气体 声明 系统 snog/smpg/n.烟雾 desert/dezat/n.沙漠；荒漠；flood /flad/n.洪水；水灾；V.淹solar/'saula(r)/adj.太阳的：n. /d'z3tv.抛弃；遗弃 没 太阳能 insect/'msekt//n.昆虫 alarm'lam/n.警报；警报器charge∫a:d3/n.费用；主管 existence /ig'zIstans/n.存在；实external /ik'st3nl/adj.外部的；drought/drat/n.旱灾；久旱 词义辨析及同义替换 1.desert/'dezt/n.沙漠：荒漠：/d'z3t/v.抛弃；遗弃 词义辨析： desert作名词时，指“沙漠、荒漠”，是自然地理概念：作动词时，意为“抛弃、遗弃”，强调主 动放弃或背离。 abandon:动词，侧重“完全放弃、不再关心”，语气比desert更强，可用于人或事物。 同义替换： abandon,leave 例句： The Sahara is the largest desert in the world.( 高中英语冀教版 【必修2】 Unit5词义辨析精讲 He deserted his family and went abroad alone.( 真题链接：（冀教版高中必修2同步练习） He his wife and children,which made everyone angry. A.deserted B.left C.forgot(答案：A) 2.demand/d'nand/n.要求；v.需要 词义辨析： demand:作动词时，语气较强，指“强烈要求、需求”，主语多为人或事物，宾语可接名词或从 句。 request:语气较委婉，指“请求、要求”，常用搭配request sb.to do sth, 同义替换： require,request 例句： The workers demanded better working conditions. The job demands a lot of patience. 真题链接：（冀教版高中必修2单元测试） The manager that all employees arrive on time. A.demanded B.asked C.suggested (答案：A) 3.declare/dr'kle(r)/v.公布：宣布；声明 词义辨析： declare:正式地“宣布、声明”，常指官方或公开场合的宣告，如宣战、声明等。 announce::侧重“通知、宣告”，使众人知晓某事，如宣布消息、结果等。 同义替换： announce,state 例句： The government declared a state of emergency She declared that she would run for president. 真题链接：（冀教版高中必修2同步练习） The winner of the competition will be tomorrow. A.declared B.announced C.told (答案：B) 4.attempt/月'tempt/n.&v.企图：尝试 词义辨析： attempt:作动词时，侧重“努力尝试做某事，但不一定成功”，常用搭配attempt to do sth, ty:最常用，指“尝试、努力”，侧重过程，不强调结果，搭配try to do sth.或try doing sth 同义替换： try,endeavor 2 高中英语冀教版 【必修2】 Unit5词义辨析精讲 例句： He attempted to climb the mountain alone. I made an attempt to solve the problem 真题链接：（冀教版高中必修2单元测试） They to finish the project before the deadline,but failed. A.attempted B.tried C.managed (答案：A) 5.advance/ad'va:ns/v.&n.发展；进步 词义辨析： advance作名词时，指“前进、进步”，强调过程：作动词时，意为“推进、促进”。 progress:指“（持续的）进步、进展”，不可数名词，侧重结果。 同义替换： progress,development 例句： With the advance of technology,our life has changed a lot.( We need to advance the plan to next month.(动词) 真题链接：（冀教版高中必修2同步练习） Our country has made great in science and technology. A.advance B.progress C.improvement (答案：B) 6.charge/a:d3/n.费用：主管 词义辨析： charge作“费用”讲时，指提供服务或商品所需的费用，常用搭配free of charge(免费)。 cost:指“成本、花费”，侧重生产或购买某物的成本。 同义替换： fee,cost 例句： The charge for the hotel room is 200 yuan per night. He is in charge of the department. 真题链接：（冀教版高中必修2单元测试） What is the for this course? A.charge B.cost C.price (答案：A) 7.f1ood/flAd/n.洪水：水灾；V.淹没 词义辨析： food作名词时，指“洪水、水灾”，是自然灾害；作动词时，意为“淹没、泛滥”。 overflow:指“溢出、泛滥”，侧重液体超过容器或区域的容纳量。 同义替换： inundate,overflow 高中英语冀教版 【必修2】 Unit5词义辨析精讲 例句： The heavy rain caused a flood in the village.( The river flooded the nearby fields.(动词) 真题链接：（冀教版高中必修2同步练习） After the heavy rain,the river and many houses were destroyed A.flooded B.overflowed C.poured (答案：A) 8.alarm/'lam/n.警报：警报器 词义辨析： alam指“警报、警报器”，强调提醒危险或紧急情况的信号或装置。 warning:指“警告、警示”，侧重预先告知可能的危险或问题。 同义替换： warning,alert 例句： The fire alarm rang and everyone left the building quickly. He gave a warning about the bad weather 真题链接：（冀教版高中必修2单元测试） The smoke went off when there was a fire in the kitchen A.alarm B.warning C.signal(答案：A) 9.external/k'st3nl/adj.外部的：外面的 词义辨析： external:指“外部的、表面的”，与internal(内部的)相对，强调位置在外面。 outer:指“外层的、远离中心的”，如outer space(外层空间)。 同义替换： outer,surface 例句： The external walls of the house need to be painted. We need to consider both internal and external factors. 真题链接：（冀教版高中必修2同步练习） The company is facing pressures from the market A.external B.outer C.outside(答案：A) l0.perspective /pa'spektiv/n.态度；观点 词义辨析： perspective指“观点、视角”，强调看待问题的角度或立场。 view:指“看法、见解”，普通用词，可与opinion互换。 同义替换： view,opinion 高中英语冀教版 【必修2】 Unit5词义辨析精讲 例句： From my perspective,this plan is not feasible She has a different perspective on the issue. 真题链接：（冀教版高中必修2单元测试） What's your on the new policy? A.perspective B.view C.idea (答案：A) 11.reaction/ri'ekn/n.反应：▣应 词义辨析： reaction指“反应、回应”，侧重对某事的生理或心理反应，常用搭配reaction to。 response: 指“回应、答复”，侧重对问题或请求的回答，常用搭配response to。 同义替换： response,reply 例句： Her reaction to the news was very calm. We are waiting for their response to our proposal. 真题链接：（冀教版高中必修2同步练习） What was his when he heard the good news? A.reaction B.response C.reply (答案：A) 12.chain∫em/n.一系列；链子 词义辨析： chain作“一系列”讲时，指相互关联的一连串事物，常用搭配a chain of:作“链子”时，指金 属链条。 series:指“一系列、连续的事物”，强调顺序性，如a series of books。 同义替换： series,sequence 例句： A chain of events led to the accident.(一系列) He wore a gold chain around his neck.(链子) 真题链接：（冀教版高中必修2单元测试） There has been a of robberies in this area recently A.chain B.series C.set (答案：A) 13.fuel/'fju:a/n.燃料 词义辨析： fl指“燃料”，泛指可燃烧产生能量的物质，如煤、石油、天然气等。 energy:指“能量、能源”，范围更广，包括燃料、电力等。 高中英语冀教版 【必修2】 Unit5词义辨析精讲 同义替换： energy source,combustible 例句： Coal and oil are important fuels We need to save fuel to protect the environment 真题链接：（冀教版高中必修2同步练习） Solar power is a clean A.fuel B.energy C.source (答案：A) 14.existence/1 g'zIstans/n.存在；实有 词义辨析： existence指“存在、实有”，强调客观存在的状态。 being:指“存在、生命”，可指具体的人或生物，也可指抽象的存在。 同义替换： being,presence 例句： The existence of life on Mars is still a mystery. We should value our existence 真题链接：（冀教版高中必修2单元测试） Scientists have proved the of water on the moon. A.existence B.being (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The in the Middle East is famous for its extreme climate and vast sand dunes. A.desert B.abandon C.leave 2.The teacher that all students hand in their homework before Friday. A.demanded B.requested C.asked 3.The government will the new policy to the public next week. 6 高中英语冀教版 【必修2】 Unit5词义辨析精讲 A.declare B.announce C.tell 4.She to solve the math problem but didn't succeed. A.attempted B.tried C.managed 5.With the of artificial intelligence,many industries have undergone great changes. A.advance B.progress C.development 6.What is the for a single ticket to the concert? A.charge B.cost C.price 7.After the heavy rain,the river and caused severe damage to the village. A.flooded B.overflowed C.poured 8.The rang loudly when smoke was detected in the building. A.alarm B.warning C.signal 9.The company needs to consider both internal and factors when making decisions. A.external B.outer C.outside 10.From my this plan will bring more benefits than risks. A.perspective B.view C.idea 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1. The Sahara is the largest (沙漠)in the world. > 高中英语冀教版 【必修2】 Unit5词义辨析精讲 2.He his family and never came back. 3.Thejob (需要)a lot of patience and hard work 4.The government (宣布)a new law to protect the environment. 5.We made an (to climb the mountain,but failed due to bad weather. 6.With the (of technology,communication has become easier. 7.The (费用)for the hotel room is500 yuan per night.. 8.The heavy rain caused a_(洪水)in the small town. 9.The (警报)woke everyone up during the fire drill. 10.We should consider both internal and (外部的)factors. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.He (desert)his wife and children,which made them very sad. 2.The workers (demand)better working conditions last month. 3.The government (declare)that the country was in a state of emergency 4.She (attempt)to swim across the river,but had to give up halfway. 5.With the (advance)of medical technology,many diseases can be cured now. 6.The (charge)for the service is 100 yuan per hour. 7.The river (flood)the nearby villages after the storm 8.The fire (alarm)went off at midnight. 9.The (external)walls of the building are painted white 10.From a historical (perspective),this event is very significant 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.他抛弃了自己的家庭，独自去了国外。 He his family and went abroad alone. 2.这个工作需要大量的时间和精力。 The job a lot of time and energy. 8 高中英语冀教版 【必修2】 Unit5词义辨析精讲 3.政府宣布进入紧急状态。 The government a state of emergency. 4.他们试图在天黑前到达山顶，但失败了。 They to reach the top of the mountain before dark,but failed. 5.随着科技的进步，我们的生活变得更加便利。 With the of technology,our life has become more convenient. 6.这门课程的费用是多少？ What is the for this course? 7.洪水淹没了许多房屋和农田。 The flood many houses and fields. 8.火灾警报一响，所有人都迅速离开了大楼。 When the fire rang,everyone left the building quickly. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 The Sahara is the largest (1) (desert/abandon)in the world.It has a harsh climate with little rain.People living there have to(2) (demand/abandon)their homes sometimes when there is a lack of water.Scientists (3) (declare/announce)that the desert is expanding each year. Many countries have made (4) (attempts/efforts)to stop this process.With the (5) (advance/progress)of technology,they have planted many trees to prevent sandstorms.The (6) (charge/cost)of this project is very high,but it is worth it.Last year,a severe (7) (flood/overflow)hit the area,but the new trees helped reduce the damage.When the sandstorm came,the (8) (alarm/warning)system worked well,and people were able to take shelter in time.From an environmental (9)(perspective/view),this project is of great importance.It shows that human beings can make a difference to(10)(external/internal)nature with wisdom and effort. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.A2.A3.B4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.desert 2.deserted 3.demands 4.declared 5.attempt 6.advance 7.charge 8.flood 9 高中英语冀教版 【必修2】 Unit5词义辨析精讲 9.alarm 10.external ⅡI.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.deserted 2.demanded 3.declared 4.attempted 5.advance 6.charge 7.flooded 8.alarm 9.external 10.perspective V.完成句子 1.deserted 2.demands 3.declared 4.attempted 5.advance 6.charge 7.flooded 8.alarm V.语篇填空 1.desert 2.abandon 3.announce 4.attempts 5.advance 6.cost 7.flood 8.alarm 9.perspective 10.external 10