Unit 3 Delving into History B部分-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第四册（沪外版）

高中选择性必修第四册沪外版 【Umit3】 Delving into History B部分 Unit 3 【Unit3】Delving into History B部分 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、 全部单元单词 renowned'nand/adj.非常著交的：从事外交的（口拓展词，information superhighway短 名的：享有盛名的（口拓展词）变形：diplomat(n.外交官) 语，信息高速公路（口拓展词） network/'netw3k/n.网状物：网commercial /k3'm3/adj.贸易porcelain/p3salm/n.瓷；瓷器 络：错综复杂的事物（核心词）的：商业的（核心词，变形：com-(口拓展词） path /pa:/n.路线：路途（核心merce(n.商业）) lacquerware /'laekawea(r)/n. 词) kingdom/'kdm/n.王国（核器（口拓展词） gateway/'geitwer/n.(通往其他心词) craft /kra:ft/n.手艺；工艺（核 地区的)门户（口拓展词） two-way/t:'wer/adj.双行的；心词) boom /bu:m/v.迅速发展；激增；双向的（核心词) silkworm/'slkw3m/n.蚕（核 繁荣昌盛（口拓展词） religious/rI'lds/adj.宗教信仰心词) commodity /k3 mpdati/n.商品的：宗教的（口拓展词，变形：re-spin/spm/v.纺（线）；纺 (口拓展词) ligion(n.宗教) (纱)：（使）快速旋转（☐拓展词， complex /'kompleks/adj.复杂efficient/'fint/adj.效率高的：过去式spun,过去分词spun) 的：难懂的；费解的（核心词）有功效的（核心词，变形：eff-iron/'aI/n.铁（核心词） pave /perv/v.(用砖石)铺ciency(n.效率) cast /ka:st/v.浇筑，铸造（核心 (地)（口拓展词） variant/'veariant/n.变体：变种；词，过去式cast,过去分词cast) diplomatic/,dipla'maetik/adj.外型式（口拓展词） 词义辨析及同义替换 1.complex/'kompleks/adj..复杂的：难懂的：费解的 词义辨析： complex:侧重描述事物内部结构或关系“复杂的、多层面的”，需要深入分析才能理解，如复 杂的问题、系统等。 complicated:含义与complex相近，但更强调“因成分多、头绪乱而难以理解或处理”，语气稍 强。 同义替换： 高中选择性必修第四册沪外版 【Unit3】 Delving into History B部分 complicated,intricate 例句： The instructions for assembling the machine are quite complex. 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习） The relationship between the two countries is becoming increasingly,involving economic,po- litical and cultural factors. A.simple B.complex C.basic (答案：B) 2.efficient/'fint/adj.效率高的：有功效的 词义辨析： efficient:强调“高效的”，指在工作、行动中能以较少的时间、精力或资源达到良好效果。 effective:侧重“有效的”，指能产生预期效果或达到目的，不强调效率。 同义替换： effective,productive 例句： This new machine is more efficient than the old one,saving a lot of time. 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册单元测试） Regular exercise is in improving physical health and mental well-being. A.efficient B.effective C.useless (答案：B) 3.commercial/k3m3/adj.贸易的：商业的 词义辨析： commercial:指“商业的、贸易的”，与经济活动、利润、市场相关，如商业广告、商业中心。 trade:作形容词时较少，通常作名词，指“贸易、交易”，强调具体的买卖活动。 同义替换： trading,mercantile 例句： The city has developed into a major commercial center in the region. 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册阅读拓展） The district of the city is always busy with shoppers and businessmen. A.commercial B.cultural C.residential(答案：A) 4.network/'netw3k/n.网状物：网络：错综复杂的事物 词义辨析： network:指“网络”，可指具体的网状系统（如交通网、通信网），也可指抽象的人际关系网、 信息网。 web:侧重“网状结构”，尤指蜘蛛网，比喻义时可与network换用，但更强调交织的复杂性。 同义替换： web,system 高中选择性必修第四册沪外版 【Unit3】 Delving into History B部分 例句： The Internet is a global network connecting millions of computers. 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册词汇练习） The company has built a wide of suppliers and customers around the world. A.network B.path C.gateway (答案：A) 5.path /pa:θ/n.路线；路途 词义辨析： pah:指“小路、小径”，也可指抽象的“路径、路线”，如人生道路、发展路径。 route:侧重“路线、航线”，指从一地到另一地的固定路线，尤指交通路线。 同义替换： route,way 例句： We followed a narrow path through the forest to the mountain top. 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册完形填空） The explorers found a new to the ancient city,which saved them a lot of time. A.path B.kingdom C.commodity (答案：A) 6.gateway/'geitwer/n.(通往其他地区的)门户 词义辨析： gateway:指“门户、入口”，比喻“通往…的途径或关键之地”，如通往西方的门户。 entrance:指具体的“入口、门口”，强调进入某个空间的位置。 同义替换： entrance,access 例句： The coastal city has long been a gateway for trade between East and West 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册阅读理解） As a to the Silk Road,this city played an important role in cultural exchange. A.gateway B.network C.boom (答案：A) 7.boom /bu:m/v.迅速发展：激增：繁荣昌盛 词义辨析： boom:指“迅速发展、繁荣”，强调在短时间内快速增长，如经济繁荣、人口激增。 flourish:侧重“兴旺、茂盛”，指持续地蓬勃发展，可用于人、植物或事业。 同义替换： flourish,thrive 例句： The tourism industry boomed after the new airport was built. 3 高中选择性必修第四册沪外版 【Unit3】 Delving into History B部分 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册语法填空） With the development of technology,the online shopping market (boom)in recent years. (答 案：has boomed) 8.craft /kra:ft/n.手艺；工艺 词义辨析： caf:指“手艺、工艺”，强调通过手工技能制作物品的技艺，如陶艺、木工手艺。 水：泛指“技能、技巧”，可指各种工作或活动所需的能力，范围更广。 同义替换： skill,craftsmanship 例句： The local people are famous for their traditional craft of making lacquerware. 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册单元测试） Learning a traditional like paper-cutting requires patience and practice. A.craft B.commodity C.variant(答案：A) 9.diplomatic/,dpla'maetik/adj.外交的；从事外交的 词义辨析： diplomatic:指“外交的”，与外交事务、外交官相关，也可指“策略的、圆滑的”（处理人际关 系时)。 foreign:指“外国的、涉外的”，范围更广，如外国的文化、语言等。 同义替换： foreign-affairs,tactful 例句： The two countries established diplomatic relations in 1972 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册阅读理解） The mission aims to promote cultural exchange between the two nations. A.diplomatic B.commercial C.religious(答案：A) 10.religious /rI'ld3s/ad.宗教信仰的；宗教的 词义辨析： religious:指“宗教的、宗教信仰的”，与宗教相关的事物或信仰，如宗教仪式、宗教节日。 spiritual:侧重“精神的、心灵的”，指与灵魂、精神层面相关，不一定与宗教直接有关。 同义替换： spiritual,devout 例句： The temple is an important religious site for local people. 4 高中选择性必修第四册沪外版 【Umit3】 Delving into History B部分 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册词汇练习） Many ancient buildings were built for purposes,such as churches and temples. A.religious B.commercial C.efficient (答案：A) 11.cast/ka:st/v.浇筑，铸造 词义辨析： cast:指“铸造、浇筑”，通过将熔化的金属或其他材料倒入模具中制成物品，如铸铁、铸雕像。 mnould:作动词时指“用模具制作”，可用于塑料、金属等材料，与cast近义，但更强调模具的 使用。 同义替换： mould,forge 例句： The artist cast a bronze statue in memory of the hero. 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册语法填空） The ancient Egyptians were skilled at (cast)gold into beautiful jewelry. (答案：casting) 12.two-way/tu:'we/adj.双行的：双向的 词义辨析： two-wy:指“双向的”，强调信息、交通等在两个方向上都能进行，如双向交流、双向车道。 mutual:侧重“相互的、彼此的”，指双方之间的共同关系，如相互尊重、mutual understanding (相互理解)。 同义替换： mutual,bidirectional 例句： The two-way communication between teachers and students helps improve teaching quality 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册完形填空） The new bridge has a lane,allowing cars to pass in both directions. A.two-way B.complex C.silent (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The relationship between the two companies involves technology,market,and talent coop- eration. A.simple B.complex C.basic 5 高中选择性必修第四册沪外版 【Umit3】 Delving into History B部分 2.Regular exercise is in improving physical health,though it may take time. A.efficient B.effective C.useless 3.The area of the city is filled with shops,banks,and office buildings. A.commercial B.cultural C.residential 4.The Internet forms a global that connects people from all over the world. A.network B.path C.gateway 5.The explorers found a new through the mountains to avoid the storm A.path B.kingdom C.commodity 6.This coastal city has long been a_ for international trade in the region. A.gateway B.network C.boom 7.With the rise of online education,the e-learning market has in recent years. A.boomed B.flourished C.failed 8.Paper-cutting is a traditionalthat requires great patience and skill. A.craft B.commodity C.variant 9.The talks between the two countries aim to resolve trade disputes peacefully. A.diplomatic B.commercial C.religious 10.Many ancient temples were built for purposes and are still visited by believers today. A.religious B.commercial C.efficient 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.The instructions for this machine are too c;I need to read them carefully. 2.This new software is more e than the old version,saving a lot of time 3.The city'sc_ district is always crowded with shoppers on weekends. 4.The company has built a wide n of partners across Asia and Europe. 5.The hiker followed a narrow p_ through the forest to reach the waterfall. 6.As a gto the north,this city plays a key role in regional transportation. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.With the development of tourism,the local economy has (boom)over the past decade. 2.The ancient craftsmen were skilled at (cast)bronze into beautiful artifacts 6 高中选择性必修第四册沪外版 【Umit3】 Delving into History B部分 3 (diplomatic)relations between the two countries were established in 1990. 4.This traditional _(craft)has been passed down for generations in the village. 5.Thetwo-way_ (communicate)between teachers and parents is important for students'growth. 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.这个问题很复杂，需要我们深入分析。 The problem is very and requires us to analyze it deeply. 2.这家新工厂比工厂效率更高，降低了生产成本。 The new factory is more than the old one,reducing production costs. 3.这座城市已发展成为该地区的商业中心。 The city has developed into a major center in the region. 4.互联网是一个连接全球数百万台计算机的网络。 The Internet is a global connecting millions of computers worldwide. 五、语篇填空（考查词义辨析与同义替换） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词（注意词义辨析与同义替换）。 The Silk Road was an ancient trade route that connected East and West.It was not just a single path but a (network/path)ofroutes crossing mountains and deserts.As a (gateway/entrance) to cultural exchange,it allowed goods,ideas,and technologies to flow in (two-way/mutual) directions.Merchants carried silk,spices,and (crafts/skills)along these routes,while re- ligions and philosophies spread across continents.Over time,cities along the Silk Road (boomed/flourished),becoming centers of commerce and culture.Even today,the spirit of the Silk Road inspires (diplomatic/commercial)cooperation between nations. 参考答案 I单项选择 1.B2B3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A IⅡ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.complex 2.efficient 3.commercial 4.network 5.path 6.gateway 7 高中选择性必修第四册沪外版 【Umit3】 Delving into History B部分 ⅡI用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.boomed 2.casting 3.Diplomatic 4.craft 5.communication V.完成句子 1.complex 2.efficient 3.commercial 4.network V.语篇填空 1.network 2.gateway 3.two-way 4.crafts 5.boomed 6.diplomatic 8