Unit 1 Achieving Effective Communication A部分-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第四册（沪外版）

高中选择性必修第四册沪外版 【Unit1A部分】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 高中专版 【Unit 1】Achieving Effective Communication A部分 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 barrier/'bari)/n.障碍；阻力 contract./'kpntr aekt/n.合同：契（核心词） (核心词) 约（多义词，作动词时kan'traekt assess/a'sesv.评估；评价（核 conquer/kD则k()/V.（成功地)/表”感染；收缩) 心词，变形：assessment(n.评 对付，克服，控制（核心词） escape/'skeip/v.(从不愉快或估) stage fright/sted3frat/n.怯场危险处境中)逃脱，摆脱，逃避overcome/,vakm/V.克服； (口拓展词) (核心词) 解决（核心词，过去式overcame, sympathy/'smp0i/n.同情（核lecture/'lektf)/n.(通常指大过去分词overcome) 心词) 学里的)演讲，讲座，讲课（核adjust/A'd3Ast/v.调整：适应（核 appearance /a'pIarans/n.公开露心词) 心词，变形：adjustment(n.调 面：演出（核心词，变形：appear tremble/'trembl/v.颤抖；发抖整）) (v.出现)) (核心词) confident/'kDnfidant/adj.自信 compulsion /kam'pln/n.强迫；panic/'penk/n.W.恐慌：惊慌的：有信心的（核心词，变形：con- 强制（口拓展词，变形：compel(核心词） fidence(n.自信)) (v.强迫) perspective /p3'spektrv/n.(观deliver/dr'lIva(r)/v.发表（演讲 bind /bamd/v.m.约束；迫使（口察问题的）视角，观点（口拓展等）：递送（核心词) 拓展词，过去式bound,过去分词) at a loss for words /aet a los fo: 词bound) audience/'3:dins/n.观众：听众w3:dzl短语不知说什么好；语塞 词义辨析及同义替换 1.conquer/kDka)/V.(成功地)对付，克服，控制 词义辨析： conquer:强调通过努力、意志或武力”征服、战胜”困难、敌人或不良情绪，语气较强，如征服 恐惧、征服国家。 overcome: 侧重”克服（障碍、困难、习惯等）”，更强调通过努力使问题得到解决，对象多为 抽象事物，如克服困难、克服坏习惯。 高中选择性必修第四册沪外版 【Unit1A部分】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： overcome,defeat 例句： She tried to conquer her fear of public speaking by practicing every day. 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习） We must the difficulties in our study and keep moving forward A.escape B.conquer C.tremble (答案：B) 2.escape'skep/v.(从不愉快或危险处境中)逃脱，摆脱，逃避 词义辨析： escape:指从危险、困境或束缚中”逃脱、逃离”，强调动作的成功性，常与fom连用。 flee:侧重因害怕而”匆忙逃跑”，强调动作的紧急性，可作及物或不及物动词。 同义替换： flee,get away 例句： He managed to escape from the burning building. 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册单元测试） The prisoners tried to from the jail last night,but they failed. A.escape B.conquer C.deliver (答案：A) 3.appearance/为'prarans/n.公开露面：演出 词义辨析： appearance:指”公开露面、演出”时，侧重正式场合的出现，如演员登台、演讲者出场；也可 指”外表、外观”。 performance:侧重'表演、演出”的过程或成果，如音乐会、戏剧的表演。 同义替换： performance,presence 例句： The singer's first appearance on the stage was a great success 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册课时作业） The actor's in the new movie received high praise from the audience A.appearance B.sympathy C.panic(答案：A) 4.assess/A'ses/v.评估；评价 词义辨析： assess:强调通过仔细考虑和判断对事物的价值、质量或数量进行”评估、评定”，常用于正式场 合，如评估风险、评估成绩。 evaluate:侧重？评价、评估”事物的优缺点或价值，更强调系统性和客观性，如评估方案、评估 效果。 高中选择性必修第四册沪外版 【Unit1A部分】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： evaluate,judge 例句： Teachers need to assess students'abilities in different ways. 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册期中测试） The manager willthe performance of each employee at the end of the month A.assess B.adjust C.deliver(答案：A) 5.adjust /a'd3Ast/v.调整；适应 词义辨析： djust:指”调整（机器、计划、行为等）以适应新情况”，侧重细微的改变，常与to连用表示 适应”。 adapt:侧重”适应（新环境、新条件）”，强调改变自身以适应外部变化，常用搭配adapt to。 同义替换： adapt,regulate 例句： You need to adjust your study plan according to your progress. 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习） It took her a long time to to the new school life A.adjust B.conquer C.tremble(答案：A) 6.confident/'kpnfidant/adj.自信的；有信心的 词义辨析： confident:指对自己的能力、判断或未来有'信心的、自信的”，主语通常是人。 confidential:意为”机密的、保密的”，指信息或文件不对外公开，与confident词形相似但意义 不同。 同义替换： self-assured,sure 例句： She is confident that she will pass the exam 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册单元测试） With enough preparation,you will feel more when giving a speech. A.confident B.silent C.private (答案：A) 7.deliver/dr'lIva(r)/v.发表（演讲等）：递送 词义辨析： deliver:作”发表（演讲、讲话）”时，强调正式地陈述观点或信息：作，递送”时，指将物品送 到指定地点。 give:”给予、提供”，作”发表演讲”时较口语化，如give a speech,不如deliver正式。 3 高中选择性必修第四册沪外版 【Unit1A部分】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： give,present 例句： The professor will deliver a lecture on environmental protection tomorrow. 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册期末复习题） The president is going to an important speech on TV tonight. A.deliver B.escape C.assess （答案：A) 8.panic/'penk/n.W.恐慌；惊慌 词义辨析： panic:指因突然的危险或意外而产生的”恐慌、惊慌”，可作名词或动词，作动词时常用panic sb. into doing sth.(使某人惊慌失措做某事)。 fright:指'恐惧、害怕”，侧重因害怕而产生的情绪，是名词，常用搭配get a fright。. 同义替换： fear,alarm 例句： Don't panic!We will find a way to solve the problem. 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习） The fire caused a lot of among the people in the building. A.panic B.sympathy C.perspective(答案：A) 9.perspective /p3 spektrv//n.(观察问题的)视角，观点 词义辨析： perspective:指看待事物的'视角、观点”，强调从特定角度观察得出的看法，如历史视角、个人 视角。 view: 指对某事物的'看法、观点”，侧重个人的意见或态度，如in my view(在我看来)。 同义替换： view,viewpoint 例句： From a historical perspective,this event is very important. 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册单元测试） We need to consider the problem from different to find a better solution A.perspectives B.appearances C.contracts （答案：A) 10.barrier/'beie)/n.障碍：阻力 词义辨析： barrier:指'障碍、障碍物'，既可指具体的障碍物（如栅栏），也可指抽象的障碍（如语言障碍 心理障碍)。 obstacle:侧重”障碍、阻碍”，指阻碍前进或发展的事物，如克服障碍、遇到阻碍。 高中选择性必修第四册沪外版 【Unit1A部分】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： obstacle,block 例句： Language is not a barrier to communication if we try to understand each other. 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册课时作业） Lack of confidence is the biggest to her success A.barrier B.audience C.compulsion (答案：答案：A) 11.at a loss for words不知说什么好：语塞 词义辨析： at a loss for words:指因惊讶、激动或紧张而'不知说什么好、语塞”，强调无法用言语表达。 speechless:形容词，意为”说不出话的'，原因可能是震惊、愤怒或感动，如be speechless with anger(气得说不出话)。 同义替换： speechless,lost for words 例句： When he heard the good news,he was at a loss for words. 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册期中测试） Facing so many people,she was. and couldn't say a word A.at a loss for words B.in person C.from time to time (答案：A) 12.contract/'kontraekt//n.合同：契约&kan'traekt/v.感染；收缩 词义辨析： contract作名词：指双方或多方达成的”合同、契约”，具有法律约束力，如sign a contract(签合 同)。 contract作动词：发音为kn'traekt/,意为”感染（疾病）”或”收缩（肌肉、物体）”，如contract a disease(感染疾病)、contract a muscle(收缩肌肉)。 同义替换： n.→agreement,pact v.→catch(感染)，shrink(收缩) 例句： (1)They signed a contract to work together for five years. (2)He contracted a cold last week. 真题链接：（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习） The company needs to with a new supplier to get better materials A.contract B.bind C.assess (答案：A) 5 高中选择性必修第四册沪外版 【Unit1A部分】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.We need to our fears if we want to achieve our goals. A.escape B.conquer C.adjust 2.The team tried to from the losing situation,but it was too late. A.flee B.assess C.deliver 3.Her first in the school play left a deep impression on the audience. A.performance B.appearance C.perspective 4.The teacher will our homework to check our understanding of the lesson. A.evaluate B.panic C.contract 5.It took him a few weeks to to the new working environment. A.adapt B.conquer C.tremble 6.She is enough to give a speech in front of thousands of people. A.confidential B.confident C.silent 7.The president will a speech on national TV tomorrow evening. A.give B.deliver C.escape 8.The sudden noise caused among the crowd at the station. A.panic 6 高中选择性必修第四册沪外版 【Unit1A部分】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 B.sympathy C.barrier 9.Let's look at this problem from a different to find a better solution A.view B.appearance C.perspective 10.Lack of communication is the main to a good relationship. A.obstacle B.contract C.audience 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.You need to (评估)the risks before starting the project 2.She managed to (逃脱)from the burning house with her child.. 3.His sudden (露面)at the party surprised everyone. 4.The company signed a (合同)with a foreign partner last month. 5.Don't (恐慌)！The situation is under control. 6.We should consider the problem from different (视角)： 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.She is (confidence)that she will win the competition. 2.The doctor advised him to(adjust)his diet to improve his health 3.The manager needs to (assessment)the performance of all employees. 4.He (contract)a cold after walking in the rain yesterday. 5.Their first (appear)on the international stage was a great success. 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.他通过每天练习来克服对演讲的恐惧。 He tried to his fear of public speaking by practicing every day. 高中选择性必修第四册沪外版 【Unit1A部分】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 2.我们必须学会从不同角度看待问题。 We must learn to look at problems from different 3.她花了很长时间才适应新的学校生活。 It took her a long time to to the new school life. 4.火灾发生时，人们不应该惊慌失措。 People should not when a fire breaks out. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Tom used to be a shy student.He was afraid to speak in public and often felt(1) (at a loss for words/confident)when talking to strangers.His teacher encouraged him to (2). (con- quer/escape)his shyness by joining the debate club.At first,Tom (3)(panicked/adjusted) at the thought of speaking in front of others.However,with practice,he learned to (4) (as- sess/adapt)to the new environment and became more confident.Last month,he even (5). (delivered/contract)a speech at the school's opening ceremony.Now,Tom no longer fears public speaking.He says,"The key is to (6)_ (overcome/escape)your inner barriers and believe in yourself.” 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.B2.A 3B4.A5.A6B7.B8.A9.C10.A Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.assess 2.escape 3.appearance 4.contract 5.panic 6.perspectives I.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.confident 2.adjust 3.assess 4.contracted 5.appearance V.完成句子 1.conquer 2.perspectives 3.adjust 4.panic V.语篇填空 1.at a loss for words 2.conquer 3.panicked 4.adapt 5.delivered 6.overcome P