Unit 1 Achieving effective communication 重点词汇归纳 清单-2025-2026学年高二英语沪外版选择性必修第四册

该高中英语知识清单系统梳理了Unit 1的20个核心词汇知识体系。从基础词义出发，结合搭配用法和语境例句，进而延伸至词形转换及拓展应用，形成递进式学习支架。 知识链路按照“词义-搭配-语境应用-词形转换”的逻辑清晰呈现，每个词汇配有典型例句和用法拓展。通过关联搭配与词形变化，帮助学生构建词汇网络，提升语言应用能力和自主学习能力，体现学科特色的词汇深度学习方法。

学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Unit 1 · 1. barrier n. 屏障；障碍；障碍物 The Sahara Desert is a natural barrier between north and central Africa. a barrier against… 阻碍…的屏障 a barrier to… 去/达成…的障碍 · 2. sympathy n. 同情 feel sympathy for sb. 向某人表示同情 have no sympathy for sb. 不同情某人 I have no sympathy for Jan, it’s all her own fault. [词形转换] 1）sympathetic adj. 同情的 be sympathetic to/ towards sb. 同情某人 2）sympathetically adv. 同情地 3）sympathize v. 同情 · 3. appearance n. 出现；外表；外貌 [词形转换] 1）appear v. ① 出现 He suddenly appeared in the doorway. ② 看来；显得；似乎（= seem） appear to be…/ appear + n./ adj. 看起来/显得… To people who don’t know him he probably appears to be rather unfriendly. sb./ sth. appear (not) to do sth. 某人/某物似乎（不）做某事 It appears (that)… 似乎… It appears (that) we need to make some changes. 2）disappear v. 消逝，失踪 · 4. compulsion n. 强迫，冲动 There are no compulsions on students to attend classes. [词形转换] 1）compel v. 强迫 compel sb. to do 强迫某人做某事 The law can compel fathers to make regular payments for their children. 2）compulsive adj. 难以控制的 3）compulsory adj. 强迫的，强制的 · 5. bind n./ v. 约束；迫使 bind sb. to do sth. 迫使某人做某事 The agreement binds her to repay the debt within six months. bind…to… 把…困在…上 She was bound to a chair. · 6. escape 1）v. 逃离，逃避，摆脱；避开，避免 escape from… 从…中逃脱 You are just trying to escape from reality by playing video games. escape (doing) sth. 避免（做）某事 The bird escaped being shot. 2）n. 逃脱；逃跑；逃避；（暂时）解脱；（气体、液体等的）泄漏 People come here for an escape. They want to leave their stresses behind. have a narrow escape 死里逃生 make one’s escape 逃跑；逃脱 · 7. horrible adj. 令人震惊的 The coffee tasted horrible. [词形转换] 1）horrify v. 使厌恶，恐吓 horrify sb. 使某人震惊 2）horrified adj. 震惊的，害怕的 be horrified by 被…震惊 The whole country was horrified by the killings. 3）horrific adj. 令人震惊的；不愉快的 · 8. intend v. 打算；计划 intend doing/ to do 打算做某事 Mr. White is back home now and intends to write a book about his adventure. intend sb. to do 想要某人做某事 Anna intends me to go to the cinema with her this weekend. It is intended that… 计划… [词形转换] 1）intention n. 意图；计划 2）intended adj. 打算的 be intended for 是为…打算/设计的 = be meant for · 9. deliver 1）v. 递送；传达 deliver sth. to sb. 把某物运送给某人 Would you deliver my message to her ? have/ get sth. delivered 让…送过来 Do you have your milk delivered ? 2）vt. 发表，宣布 deliver a speech/ lecture 发表演讲 3）vt. 接生；分娩 deliver a baby 接生 [词形转换] 1）delivery n. 递送；分娩 on delivery 抵达 Please pay for goods on delivery. · 10. applause n. 喝彩；鼓掌 [词形转换] 1）applaud v. 鼓掌；称赞；赞赏 applaud sb. for sth. 因某事而赞扬某人 = praise sb. for sth. I applaud her for having the courage to refuse. · 11. tuck v. 把…藏入；把…塞进狭窄的空间 I tucked the children in and said goodnight. · 12. initiation n. 开始；发起 [词形转换] 1）initiate v. 发起；开始 · 13. apply v. 1）（通常以书面形式）申请；请求 apply (to sb./ sth.) for…（向某人/某物）申请… I’m writing to apply to our school English club for the post of editor. apply to do sth. 申请做某事 It is reported that more than 1 million people applied to serve as volunteers for the Olympic Games. 2）有关；涉及 apply to… 对…适用 Some cyclists think that traffic laws do not apply to them. It is not true, though. 3）应用；涂，敷；勤奋工作 apply…to… 把…应用于…；把…涂抹于… We should apply what we learn in class to our future jobs and lives. apply oneself/ one’s mind to… 致力于…；专心于… I must apply myself to studying so as to make my dream come true. [词形转换] 1）application n. 申请；用途 make an application for… 申请… 2）applied adj. 应用的 3）applicant n. 申请者 · 14. impress v. 给…留下深刻印象；使铭记；使（某人）了解（某事的重要性） impress sth. on/ upon sb. 使某人铭记某事；使某人了解某事的重要性 Father impressed on me the value of hard work. be impressed by/ with… 对…印象深刻 We were very impressed by the standard of work. [词形转换] 1）impression n. 印象，感想 We got a very good impression of the school. leave/ make a(n)…impression on sb. 给某人留下…的印象 He left a deep impression on me and gave me the inspiration to pick up my pen again. 2）impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的；令人赞叹的 · 15. confuse v. 使糊涂；使迷惑；（将…）混淆 confuse…with/ and… 把…和…混淆 Don’t confuse Australia with Austria. [词形转换] 1）confusing adj. 难以理解的；不清楚的 2）confusion n. 困惑 in confusion 困惑地 3）confused adj. 糊涂的；迷惑的 be/ become confused about 对…感到疑惑 People are confused about all the different labels on food these days. · 16. seize vt. 把握；抓住；夺取；控制 seize sb. by the arm/ hand 抓住某人的胳膊/手 seize sb. from sb. 从某人手中夺取 seize on/ upon sth. 突然对某事大为关注；抓住（可利用的事物） · 17. satisfaction n. 满足；令人满意的事 to one’s satisfaction 令某人满意的是 with satisfaction 满意地 I look back on my time in the UK with satisfaction. a sense of satisfaction 满足感 [词形转换] 1）satisfy v. 使满意；满足 satisfy one’s needs/ demand/ curiosity 满足某人的需求/好奇心 His answer satisfied my curiosity. 2）satisfied adj. 满意的，满足的 be satisfied with… 对…满意 He was satisfied with his present life. 3）satisfactory adj. 令人满意的 4）satisfying adj. 令人高兴的，令人满意的 It’s satisfying to play a game really well. · 18. thrill 1）n. 兴奋；激动 give sb. a thrill 使某人兴奋不已 It gave me a big thrill to meet my favorite author in person. 2）v. 使非常激动 thrill sb. 使某人非常激动 I was thrilled by your news. [词形转换] 1）thrilling adj. 惊险的；令人兴奋的 2）thrilled adj. 激动的 · 19. eager adj. 热切的，渴望的 be eager for… 对…渴望 Bob was eager for a chance to learn traditional Chinese painting. be eager (for sb.) to do 渴望（某人）做某事 He was eager to join the exchange programme. be eager that… 渴望…（虚拟语气） We students are eager that the summer camp should start early. [词形转换] 1）eagerness n. 渴望，热切 · 20. sight 1）n. 看见的事物；景象；看见 at first sight 乍一看 at the sight of 一看到 The little girl’s heart lit up at the sight of her mother. catch sight of 看见 While running along the bank, I suddenly caught sight of a beautiful white bird in the river. lose sight of 看不见；忽视 Parents should not lose sight of their children’s bad behavior. 2）n. 名胜；风景 3）视力；视野 come into sight 进入视野，进入眼帘 When the great waterfall came into sight, the tourists on the bus all held their breath. in sight 在视野内 The street was so quiet, with no one in sight. out of (one’s) sight 在（某人的）视线外 The tall building was out of sight when our car turned the corner. lose one’s sight 失明 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $