Unit 1 Decisions二-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第二册（沪教版）

高中选择性必修第二册沪教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 寒假专版 【Unit 1】Decisions二 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 deserve/d'z3:v/v.值得：应受 mission/'mun/n.使命 assistant/月'sIstant/n.助理；助 cease/si:sV.停止 rocket/'Iokt/n.火箭 手；adj.助理的；副的 goat/gat/n.山羊 recite/rI'sat/v.背诵：吟诵 inquiry/n'kwaisri/n.询间：打 scholarship/'skplafip/n.奖学金patent/pertnt/n.专利 听 circumstance/'s3 kamstans/n.insight/'nsant/n.洞悉；了解 *scan/ske/V.扫描（图像或文 条件：环境 *counsellor/'kaunsala(r)/n.夏件) *exagger ation1g.zed33'ren/n.令营负责人；顾问 qualification kwDlifi'keifn/n. 夸张：言过其实 enthusiastic/m,0ju:zi'estk/adj.(通过考试或者学习课程取得 proof /pru:fn.证据；证明 热心的 的)资格，学历 passionate /'paefanat/adj.entertainment/enta'temmant/n. 的 娱乐节目：娱乐活动 词义辨析及同义替换 1.deserve/d'z3v/v.值得；应受 词义辨析： deserve:侧重”应得、值得'，强调基于行为或品质应获得某种结果（好或坏），语气较正式。 ea:侧重”通过努力获得”，强调付出劳动或努力后得到回报，如金钱、荣誉等。 同义替换： earn,merit 例句： She deserves praise for her hard work on this project. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） His courage and kindness-our respect. A.refuse B.deserve C.accept (答案：B) 2.cease/si:s/v.停止 高中选择性必修第二册沪教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： cease:正式用语，指”完全停止或终止”，可接名词或动名词，书面化程度高，如cease fire(停 火)。 so叩：最常用词，含义广泛，可指动作、活动等停下”，可接不定式或动名词，口语和书面语通 用。 同义替换： stop,halt,terminate 例句： The company decided to cease production due to low profits 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册单元检测） All the noise when the teacher entered the classroom A.ceased B.began C.continued (答案：A) 3.passionate/'paefanat/ad.热诚的 词义辨析： passionate:侧重”对事物有强烈感情或热情”，常与about搭配，如passionate about music(热爱 音乐)。 enthusiastic:侧重”对某事充满兴趣和积极性”，语气较轻松，常与for或about搭配。 同义替换： enthusiastic,fervent,ardent 例句： She is passionate about environmental protection and volunteers every weekend. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） The students are_about the upcoming science fair and have prepared carefully. A.bored B.enthusiastic C.calm (答案：B) 4.enthusiastic/m,ju:zi'estk/adj.热心的 词义辨析： enthusiastic:强调”对人或事物表现出热烈的兴趣和支持”，可形容人或态度，如enthusiastic fans (热情的粉丝)。 eager:侧重'渴望做某事”，强调内心的急切和期待，常与todo搭配，如eager to learn(渴望学 习)。 同义替换： passionate,eager,zealous 例句： The enthusiastic crowd cheered loudly as the team won the game. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册期中测试） He is always to help others,so everyone likes working with him. A.reluctant B.enthusiastic C.indifferent (答案：B) 高中选择性必修第二册沪教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 5.insight/nsat/n.洞悉：了解 词义辨析： insight:指”对事物本质或问题核心的深刻理解'，常与into搭配，如insight into human nature(对 人性的洞察)。 understanding:含义较广，可指”一般的理解或了解”，也可指”体谅”，侧重认知层面的把握。 同义替换： understanding,perception,awareness 例句： The report provides valuable insights into the causes of the problem. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册单元练习） Her_into the market trends helped the company make the right decision. A.confusion B.insight C.ignorance (答案：B) 6.proof /pru:f/n.证据；证明 词义辨析： proof::指'能够证实某事真实性的具体证据或证明”，侧重事实依据，如scientific proof(科学证 据)。 evidence:含义更广，可指”任何支持观点的材料或迹象”，包括实物、证词等，法律和学术语境 中常用。 同义替换： evidence,testimony,confirmation 例句： The police found no proof that he was at the crime scene. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） You need to provide of your identity before entering the building A.proof B.doubt C.secret(答案：A) 7.mission/mum/n.使命 词义辨析： mission:指”个人或组织承担的重大任务或使命”，带有责任感和目标感，如a mission to help the poor(帮助穷人的使命)。 task:泛指'具体的任务或工作”，侧重分配的职责，可大可小，如daily tasks(日常任务)。 同义替换： task,assignment,objective 例句： The doctor considers saving lives his lifelong mission. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册期末测试） The team's is to finish the project within three months. 3 高中选择性必修第二册沪教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 A.mission B.hobby C.habit (答案：A) 8.inquiry/m'kwarri/n.询问；打听 词义辨析： inquiry:正式用语，指”为获取信息而进行的询问或调查”，可指个人打听或官方调查，如make an inquiry（询问)。 question:侧重”提出的问题'，可指口头或书面的疑问，如answer a question(回答问题)。 同义替换： question,investigation,query 例句： The customer made an inquiry about the price of the product 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） We received many_about our new service after the advertisement. A.inquiries B.complaints C.apologies(答案：A) 9.qualification/kwplifi'ken/n.资格，学历 词义辨析： qualification:指'通过考试或学习获得的资格、学历或技能'，是名词，如a teaching qualification (教师资格)。 quality:指”人或事物的品质、特性”，如good qualities(优良品质)。 同义替换： certification,credential,diploma 例句： To apply for this job,you need a university qualification and two years of work experience. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册单元检测） Her main-for the position is her extensive experience in management. A.qualification B.weakness C.mistake(答案：A) 10.cease/si:s/v.停止&stop/stDp/V.停止 词义辨析： cease doing sth.:正式用语，强调'永久性或彻底停止”，如cease smoking(戒烟)。 stop doing sth.:普通用语，强调”中断正在进行的动作'，如stop talking(停止说话)；stop to do h.表示”停下来去做另一件事”。 同义替换： halt,discontinue 例句： (1)The factory ceased production last month. (2)He stopped working and went for a walk. 4 高中选择性必修第二册沪教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习） The rain_an hour ago,and the sun came out. A.ceased B.started C.poured (答案：A) ll.patent/'pertnt/.n.专利 词义辨析： patent:指”政府授予的发明专利权”，受法律保护，如a pply即for a patent(申请专利)。 copyright:.指”文学、艺术等作品的著作权'，保护原创内容，如copyright infringement(侵权)。 同义替换： invention right,patent right 例句： The scientist spent years developing the technology and finally got a patent for it. 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册单元练习） This new invention has been granted a_,so no one else can copy it. A.patent B.prize C.degree(答案：A) 12.circumstance/s3:kamstans/n.条件：环境 词义辨析： circumstance:指'影响事件发生的客观条件或情况”，常用复数形式，如under no circumstances (无论如何不)。 situation:指'特定时间和地点的形势或局面'，如economic situation(经济形势)。 同义替换： condition,situation,context 例句： Under the circumstances,we have to cancel the meeting 真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册期中测试） Considering the difficult,they did a great job finishing the task on time. A.circumstances B.hobbies C.dreams (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.Her selfless dedication to helping others truly_our admiration A.refuses B.deserves 高中选择性必修第二册沪教版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 C.accepts 2.The factory had to_operations due to severe financial problems last year. A.cease B.begin C.continue 3.The artist is deeply_about traditional culture and spends years studying it. A.bored B.enthusiastic C.calm 4.Many students are_to join the volunteer program and have signed up already. A.reluctant B.enthusiastic C.indifferent 5.The research report offers valuableinto the effects of climate change on wildlife. A.confusion B.insight C.ignorance 6.You must show validof your address when applying for a library card. A.proof B.doubt C.secret 7.The team's core_is to promote environmental protection among young people. A.mission B.hobby C.habit 8.The customer service center received over 100-about the new product yesterday. A.inquiries B.complaints C.apologies 9.His main_for the job includes a master's degree and five years of work experience. A.qualification B.weakness C.mistake 10.The noise_suddenly when the bell rang for class. A.ceased 6 高中选择性必修第二册沪教版 【寒假专版】D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 B.started C.poured 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.The scientist spent years developing the new technology and finally got a p 2.Under no c should we give up our dreams easily. 3.She has a deep iinto human psychology,which helps her in her counseling work. 4.The company requires all employees to have professional qrelated to their positions. 5.The government launched an official i into the cause of the accident. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The teacher praised the students for their(enthusiasm)participation in the debate. 2.He is(passion)about music and practices the piano for two hours every day. 3.The report provides important_(insight)into the current economic situation. 4.After the storm,the rain_(cease),and a rainbow appeared in the sky. 5.To apply for this position,you need to provide(prove)of your previous work experience. 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.他的勇气和智慧值得我们所有人的尊重。 His courage and wisdom of all of us. 2.她对动物保护的热情促使她成为一名志愿者。 Her__animal protection drives her to become a volunteer. 3.这个研究项目为我们理解气候变化提供了新的视角。 This research project provides new--understanding climate change. 4.在任何情况下，我们都不应该违反校规。 _we should never break the school rules. 五、语篇填空 7 高中选择性必修第二册沪教版 【寒假专版】D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Maria is a_(passion)environmentalist who has worked in the field for over 10 years.She believes that everyone_(deserve)a clean and healthy planet,so she often gives lectures to raise public awareness.Last month,she received an_(inquire)from a local school about organizing a tree- planting activity.Maria was-(enthusiastic)to help and spent weeks preparing for it. During the activity,she shared her_(insight)into environmental protection with the students.She also explained that planting trees is a concrete way to(cease)the process of desertification.The students were(eager)to learn and actively participated in the work.By the end of the day,they had planted over 200 trees.Maria felt a strong sense of_(mission)accomplished,knowing that she had inspired the next generation to care for the Earth. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.B2.A3B4.B5.B6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.patent 2.circumstances 3.insight 4.qualifications 5.inquiry ⅡI用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.enthusiastic 2.passionate 3.insights 4.ceased 5.proof V.完成句子 1.deserve the respect 2.passion for 3.insights into 4.Under no circumstances V.语篇填空 1.passionate 2.deserves 3.inquiry 4.enthusiastic 5.insights 6.cease 7.eager 8.mis- sion P