Unit 8 Literature Lesson3-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第三册（北师大版）

高中选修3北师大版 【Literature Lesson3】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 文学精讲 【Unit8】Literature Lesson3 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、 全部单元单词 league /li:gn.里格（时长度单护：保护；保持，维持：保存 steel/sti/n.钢，钢铁 位，约5000米)；体育运动联合drown/ran/vi.&t.(使淹evidently/evidantli/adv.明显 会，联赛；联盟，同盟 死，（使）溺毙 地，显然 violent/'varelent/adj.强烈的：暴strike/straik/vi.&t.打，击，撞；solid/sDld山adj.固体的：坚硬 力的，强暴的 突然发生不幸；n.罢工：打击的 recollection/,rek'lekn/n.想起，chest/est/n.胸部，胸 polished/polt/adj.擦亮的，磨 记起 unconscious/n'kDns/adj.不光的：精湛的：精致的 desperation/,desp3'ren/n.绝省人事的，失去知觉的 construction /kan'strakfn/n. 望：拼命，不顾一切 being /'bi:m/n.生物（尤指人）：筑物：建造物：建造，建筑 sink/sk/vi.&t.下沉，沉没诞生：出现：存在 daybreak/'deibreik/n.黎明，破 ease /i:z/n.轻易，毫不费劲 whale/werl/n.鲸 晓 grab/greb/t.取，抓住 weapon/'wepan/.n.武器，兵器；utter'At/t.(尤指吃力地)发 nevertheless/,neva0a'les/adv.凶器 出（声音） 然而，不过：尽管如此 bounce/baons/vi.&t.(使)弹 preservation/.prez3'ven/n.维起，（使）反弹 词义辨析及同义替换 1.violent/'varalant//adj.强烈的；暴力的，强暴的 词义辨析： violent:侧重形容行为或力量具有攻击性、猛烈性，可指人或事物，如violent storm(猛烈的风 暴)、violent crime(暴力犯罪)。 fierce:强调“凶猛的、激烈的”，可形容动物、竞争或情感，如fierce competition(激烈的竞争)。 同义替换： fierce,intense 例句： The violent wind blew down many trees last night. 高中选修3北师大版 【Literature Lesson3】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3同步练习） The quarrel between the two boys made the teacher very angry. A.gentle B.violent C.calm (答案：B) 2.recollection/rek3'lekn/n.想起，记起 词义辨析： recollection:指对过去事情的“回忆、记忆”，强调经过努力想起的过程，为正式用语。 memory:含义更广，泛指“记忆、记忆力”，可指天生的记忆能力或具体的记忆内容。 同义替换： memory,remembrance 例句： My recollection of that day is still vivid. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3单元测试） She has a good and can remember even the smallest details. A.recollection B.forgetfulness C.imagination(答案：A) 3.desperation/,despa'rejn/n.绝望；拼命，不顾一切 词义辨析： desperation:指因绝望而采取极端行为的状态，名词。 despair:既可作名词（绝望）也可作动词（绝望、丧失信心），语气比desperation稍弱。 同义替换： despair,hopelessness 例句： In desperation,he tried to climb the cliff without any tools. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3阅读专项） The people in the disaster area faced the situation with but never gave up A.confidence B.desperation C.happiness (答案：B) 4.sink/skvi.&t.下沉，沉没 词义辨析： sk:指物体在水中或其他液体中“下沉”，也可比喻价格、水平等“下降”。 drown:侧重“（使）淹死、溺毙”，主语通常是人或动物。 同义替换： submerge,go down 例句： The ship began to sink after hitting the rock 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3完形填空） The boat started to slowly,so we had to call for help. A.float B.sink C.fly (答案：B) 2 高中选修3北师大版 【Literature Lesson3】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 5.nevertheless/nevaoa'les/adv.然而，不过；尽管如此 词义辨析： nevertheless:表转折，语气较强，可位于句首、句中或句末，常与逗号隔开。 however: 同样表转折，但位置更灵活，可放在句首、句中或句末，且需用逗号与句子其他部分 隔开。 同义替换： however,yet 例句： He was very tired;nevertheless,he kept working 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3语法填空） She failed many times, she continued to try. A.therefore B.nevertheless C.besides (答案：B) 6.preservation/.prez3'veIn/n.维护；保护：保持，维持；保存 词义辨析： preservation:强调“保护、保存”以防止损坏或变质，如文物、自然环境的保护。 conservation: 侧重“合理利用、节约保护”，如资源、能源的保护。 同义替换： conservation,protection 例句： The preservation of ancient buildings is very important for culture. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3阅读理解） The government has taken measures for the of the endangered animals. A.destruction B.preservation C.pollution (答案：B) 7.dowm/dan/vi.&t.(使)淹死，（使）溺毙 词义辨析： dowm:指人或动物在水中因无法呼吸而死亡，或“淹没、浸泡”。 sink:指物体在液体中下沉，不涉及生命危险。 同义替换： submerge,be drowned 例句： He tried to save the child but almost drowned himself. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3词汇运用） The heavy rain the small village,causing great loss. A.dried B.drowned C.froze(答案：B) 8.strike/strark/i.&t.打，击，撞：突然发生不幸：n.罢工：打击 高中选修3北师大版 【Literature Lesson3】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： rke(动词)：指“击打、撞击”，或“突然发生”（如疾病、灵感），也可指“罢工”。 hit:侧重“击中、碰撞”，对象通常是具体事物，如hit the ball(击球)。 同义替换： hit,attack(动词)：stoppage(名词，罢工) 例句： The clock struck twelve,and we realized it was midnight 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3单选题） The workers decided to for better working conditions. A.strike B.work C.rest(答案：A) 9.nconscious/nkDn3s/adj.不省人事的，失去知觉的 词义辨析： unconscious:指因受伤、疾病等“失去知觉的、无意识的”，反义词为conscious。 unaware:指“未意识到的、不知道的”，强调对某事缺乏认知，如unaware of the danger。 同义替换： senseless,inconsciousness(名词形式) 例句： He was knocked unconscious in the accident 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3完形填空） After the earthquake,many people were found under the buildings. A.conscious B.unconscious C.awake (答案：B) 10.bounce/bauns./vi.&t.(使)弹起，（使）反弹 词义辨析： bounce:.指物体撞击地面或其他物体后“弹回、反弹”，如球的弹跳。 spring:侧重“突然弹起、跳起”，强调动作的快或突然性，如spring to one's feet(一跃而起)。 同义替换： rebound,spring 例句： The ball bounced off the wall and hit the window. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3词汇填空） The children were playing happily,the ball to each other. A.bouncing B.breaking C.throwing(答案：A) l1.evidently/evidantli//adv.明显地，显然 词义辨析： evidently:强调“明显地、显然”，基于证据或迹象得出结论。 obⅵously:指“显而易见地”，语气更强，一眼就能看出。 高中选修3北师大版 【Literature Lesson3】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： obviously,clearly 例句： Evidently,she didn't know the truth or she would have told us. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3阅读理解） _the team was not prepared for the tough competition A.Evidently B.Secretly C.Luckily (答案：A) 12.solid/'sDld/adj.固体的：坚硬的 词义辨析： solid:指“固体的、坚硬的”，反义词为liquid(液体的)或gas(气体的)，也可指“稳固的、可 靠的”。 har:侧重“坚硬的、困难的”，可形容物体硬度或任务难度。 同义替换： hard,firm 例句： Ice is solid,but it turns into water when heated. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3单选题） The old bridge is made of stone and has stood for hundreds of years. A.liquid B.solid C.soft (答案：B) l3.polished/'pol/adj.擦亮的，磨光的：精湛的；精致的 词义辨析： polished:指物体表面“擦亮的、光滑的”，也可形容技能、作品“精湛的、完美的”。 shiny:仅指“发亮的、有光泽的”，侧重表面反光。 同义替换： shiny,refined 例句： Her polished performance won the audience's applause. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3阅读填空） The table looked brand new after being cleaned. A.rough B.polished C.dity(答案：B) 14.utter/'t3/t.(尤指吃力地)发出（声音） 词义辨析： uter:强调“吃力地、勉强地发出声音”，如utter a word(说一句话)。 speak:泛指“说话、讲话”，使用范围广，可指正式或非正式场合。 同义替换： voice,express 高中选修3北师大版 【Literature Lesson3】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 例句： He was so shocked that he couldn't utter a single word. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修3完形填空） The little girl tried to her name,but her voice 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The storm destroyed many houses in the village last night. A.gentle B.violent C.calm 2.She has a good and can remember her childhood clearly. A.recollection B.forgetfulness C.imagination 3.In he tried to run through the burning building to save his cat A.confidence B.desperation C.happiness 4.The Titanic after hitting an iceberg in 1912. A.floated B.sank C.flew 5.He was very tired; he finished the work on time. A.therefore B.nevertheless C.besides 6.The government is taking measures for the of ancient cultural relics. A.destruction B.preservation C.pollution 7.The heavy rain the crops in the field,leading to a poor harvest. 6 高中选修3北师大版 【Literature Lesson3】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 A.dried B.drowned C.froze 8.The workers decided to until their demands were met. A.strike B.work C.rest 9.After the accident,the driver was found on the ground. A.conscious B.unconscious C.awake 10.The ball off the floor and into the basket. A.bounced B.broke C.threw 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The (暴力的)crime rate in this area has decreased this year.. 2.My (of the trip to the mountains is still fresh. 3.He shouted in (绝望)when he found his wallet lost. 4.The sunken ship was (沉没)in the ocean for over100 years. (然而)，we still need to work harder to achieve our goals. 6.The()of the environment is everyone's responsibility. 7.The little boy almost (in the river yesterday. 8.The clock (three times,and we knew it was 3 o'clock. 7 高中选修3北师大版 【Literature Lesson3】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 9.She was knocked (失去知觉的)by a falling stone. 10.The children are_ (弹起)the ball in the playground. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The wind blows(violent)during the storm. 2.Her (recollect)of the event helped the police solve the case. 3.He acted (desperate)when he heard the bad news. 4.The ship (sink)quickly after the collision. (nevertheless),we should try our best to finish the task. 6.The (preserve)of the old temple is of great importance. 7.The flood (drown)many animals in the forest 8.The workers (strike)for better pay last month. 9.He remained (unconscious)for three days after the accident. 10.The ball (bounce)high into the air and fell into the lake. 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.这场激烈的争论持续了整整一个小时。 The】 lasted for a whole hour. 2.他努力回忆起昨天发生的事情。 He tried to what happened yesterday. 8 高中选修3北师大版 【Literature Lesson3】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 3.尽管下着大雨，我们还是按时到达了目的地。 It rained heavily; we arrived at the destination on time. 4.我们应该采取措施保护濒危动物。 We should take measures for the of animals 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 A strong storm hit the coastal city last night.The(1) (violent/gentle)wind and rain caused se- rious damage.Many trees were blown down,and some houses(2)(sank/floated)in the flood. People in the area faced the situation with (3)(desperation/confidence),but they didn't give up.Some tried to save others,and some tried to protect their homes. (4)」 (Nevertheless/Therefore),the storm was too strong.A little girl was trapped in a flooded house and almost(5)(drowned/sank).Luckily,a rescue worker heard her cries and saved her. The girl was (6) (unconscious/awake)when she was found,but she regained consciousness soon after. After the storm,people began to clean up the city.The government also took measures for the (7) (preservation/destruction)of public facilities.(8)(Evidently/Secretly),everyone worked together to overcome the disaster. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.B2.A3B4.B5.B6.B7B8.A9.B10.A IⅡ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.violent 2.recollection 3.desperation 4.sunk 5.Nevertheless 6.preservation 7.drowned 8.struck 9.unconscious 10.bouncing ⅡI,用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.violently 2.recollection 3.desperately 4.sank 5.Nevertheless 6.preservation 7.drowned 8.struck 9.unconscious 10.bounced V.完成句子 1.violent quarrel 2.recollect 3.nevertheless 4.preservation;endangered 9 高中选修3北师大版 【Literature Lesson3】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 V语篇填空 1.violent 2.sank 3.desperation 4.Nevertheless 5.drowned 6.unconscious 7.preservation 8.Evidently 10