Unit 11 Conflict and Compromise Lesson 3-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第四册（北师大版）

高中选修4北师大版 【Unit11】 Conflict and Compromise Lesson 3 词汇精讲 【Unit 11】Conflict and Compromise Lesson 3 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 soldier/sauld33/n.士兵，军人 machine gun机关枪 temporary/'temprari/adj.暂时 bomb /bpm/n.炸弹 panic/paenik/n.惊恐，惶恐，惊的，临时的；短期的 general/'d3 enral/n.将军，上将慌 midnight/midnait/n.子夜，午 *trench /trent/n.战壕，堑壕 pray /prer/vi.&t.祈求；祈祷夜 frontier/'frAntia/n.国界，边境identification/al,dentifi'keIn/n.ward /wo:d/n.病房 murder/'m3:de/n.谋杀，凶杀：身份证明（文件） dozen/'dAzm/num.一打 谋杀罪 *pile /parl/n.一大堆 surgeon/'s3:d3n/n.外科医生 border/b3:d/n.国界，边界；边display/d'sple/t.展示，陈列*ceremony/'seramani/n.仪式， 境地区 representative/reprI'zentatIv/n.典礼 *flee /fli:/vi.&vt.逃离，逃走 代表，代理人 appreciation /a.pri;fi'eufn/n. weep /wi:p/vi..&vt.哭泣，流greet/grit/V.间候，迎接，招呼激 (泪) mud /mAd/n.泥，烂泥 incident/'nsidant/n.(尤指不平 civilian/sa'vIlian/n.平民，老百distribute/d'strIbju:t/t.分发，常的、重要的或暴力的)事件 姓 分配，分送 词义辨析及同义替换 1.frontier/'frantia/n.国界，边境 词义辨析： frontier:指常设有边防的“边境、边疆”，尤指两国接壤的前沿地带，也可比喻“（学科的）前 沿”。 border:侧重指“边界线、边境地区”，可指国与国或地区之间的分界，也可用于比喻意义。 同义替换： border,boundary 例句： 高中选修4北师大版 【Uit11】 Conflict and Compromise Lesson 3 The soldiers are guarding the frontier between the two countries. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修4同步练习） People living near the have to go through customs when crossing to another country. A.frontier B.center C.city(答案：A) 2.murder/'m3:d/n.谋杀，凶杀；谋杀罪 词义辨析： murder:指有预谋的“谋杀、凶杀”，是严重的犯罪行为，名词或动词。 incident:泛指“事件”，尤指不平常的、重要的或暴力的事件，但不一定是犯罪行为。 同义替换： homicide,killing 例句： The police are investigating the murder that happened last night. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修4单元测试） The newspaper reported a serious in the park yesterday-a young man was attacked by a group of people. A.murder B.incident C.ceremony (答案：B) 3.flee /fli:/vi.&t.逃离，逃走 词义辨析： flee:强调因危险、恐惧等迅速“逃离、逃避”，可作及物或不及物动词，过去式为fled。 escape:侧重从限制或危险中“逃脱、逃离”，常与from搭配，如escape from prison。 同义替换： escape,run away 例句： Many civilians fled the city during the war. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修4同步练习） The prisoners tried tofrom the jail,but they were caught by the guards. A.flee B.escape C.murder （答案：B) 4.weep/wi.p./vi.&t.哭泣，流（泪） 词义辨析： weep:较正式，指因悲伤、感动等“流泪、哭泣”，可指无声地流泪或小声地哭。 cry:口语化，泛指“哭、喊叫”，强调出声的哭，如cry loudly。 同义替换： cry,sob 例句： She wept when she heard the sad news. 2 高中选修4北师大版 【Uit11】 Conflict and Compromise Lesson 3 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修4阅读填空） The little girl bitterly because she couldn't find her mother in the crowd. A.wept B.cried C.smiled (答案：B) 5. border/b:d/n.国界，边界：边境地区 词义辨析： border:指两国或地区之间的“边界线、边境地区”，也可指物体的“边缘”。 frontier:侧重两国接壤的“边疆、边境地带”，更强调前沿性和边防意义。 同义替换： boundary,frontier 例句： Our village is located near the border between China and Vietnam. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修4词汇运用) We need to show our passports when crossing the_ A.border B.center C.hospital (答案：A) 6.temporary/'temprari/adj.暂时的，临时的；短期的 词义辨析： temporary:指“暂时的、临时的”，强调持续时间短，反义词是permanent（永久的)。 permanent:指“永久的、长期的”，表示状态或情况持续不变。 同义替换： short-term,provisional 例句： The company offers temporary jobs for students during the summer vacation 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修4语法填空） We need a worker to help us with the project;it will only take two weeks. A.temporary B.permanent C.helpful(答案：A) 7. ceremony/'seramani/n.仪式，典礼 词义辨析： ceremony: 指正式的“仪式、典礼”，如婚礼、毕业典礼等，强调程序和庄重性。 incident:泛指“事件”，不涉及仪式或典礼的含义。 同义替换： ritual,celebration 例句： The opening ceremony of the Olympic Games was held in the stadium 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修4单元测试） The school will hold a graduationnext month for the senior students. A.ceremony B.incident C.appreciation (答案：A) 高中选修4北师大版 【Uit11】 Conflict and Compromise Lesson 3 8.appreciate/A'pri∫iet/vt.感激：欣赏 词义辨析： appreciation(名词)：指“感激、欣赏”，常用搭配express appreciation for(对…表示感激)。 thank(动词)：口语化，直接表示“感谢”，搭配thank sb.for sth.。 同义替换： gratitude,thanks 例句： I would like to express my appreciation for your help 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修4书面表达） We should send a card to our teachers for their hard work A.express appreciation for B.thank to C.murder(答案：A) 9.panic/'paenik/n.惊恐，惶恐，惊慌 词义辨析： panic:指因突然的危险或恐惧而产生的“恐慌、惊慌”，名词或动词（过去式panicked)。 fear:泛指“害怕、恐惧”，是普通用词，程度可轻可重。 同义替换： fear,alarm 例句： There was a panic when the fire broke out in the building. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修4完形填空） The crowd fell into when they heard the bomb explosion A.panic B.happiness C.appreciation(答案：A) 10.surgeon/'s3:d3n/n.外科医生 词义辨析： surgeon:指“外科医生”，专门从事外科手术的医生。 doctor:泛指“医生”，包括内科、外科等各类医生。 同义替换： surgeon(无完全同义替换，侧重职业特殊性) 例句： The surgeon performed an operation on the patient's heart. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修4阅读理解） The _in the ward is very experienced,he has saved many lives. A.surgeon B.soldier C.general(答案：A) 11.display/d'sple/t.展示，陈列 4 高中选修4北师大版 【Uit11】 Conflict and Compromise Lesson 3 词义辨析： display:指“展示、陈列”，强调将物品展示给他人看，如display goods in a shop。 how:泛指“展示、给…看”，口语化，如show sb.sh.。 同义替换： show,exhibit 例句： The museum displays many ancient artifacts. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修4同步练习） The shop all kinds of new clothes in the window to attract customers. A.displays B.distributes C.prays(答案：A) 12.distribute/d'stribju:t/t.分发，分配，分送 词义辨析： distribute:指“分发、分配”，将物品分发给多个对象，如distribute books to students。 give:泛指“给、给予”，直接给予某人，如give sb.sth.。 同义替换： hand out,allocate 例句： The volunteers distributed food and water to the homeless. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修4词汇辨析） The teacher will the test papers to the students in five minutes. A.distribute B.display C.flee(答案：A) l3.trench/rent/n.战壕，堑壕 词义辨析： ench:指战争中士兵挖掘的“战壕、堑壕”，用于隐蔽和作战。 hole:泛指“洞、坑”，大小不一，用途广泛，如a hole in the ground。 同义替换： foxhole,ditch(注：foxhole更侧重散兵坑，trench强调壕沟) 例句： Soldiers hid in the trenches during the battle. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修4历史背景阅读） In World War I,soldiers lived and fought in for long periods A.trenches B.holes C.borders(答案：A) 14.identification/al,dentifr'kern/n.身份证明（文件） 词义辨析： identification:指“身份证明（文件）”，如身份证、护照等，名词。 ID(缩写)：口语中常用，等同于identification document,如show your ID。 高中选修4北师大版 【Umit11】 Conflict and Compromise Lesson 3 同义替换： ID,identity card 例句： You need to show your identification when checking into the hotel. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修4情景交际） -May I see your,please? Sure,here's my passport. A.identification B.appreciation C.ceremony (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The scientists are working at the of medical research to find a cure for cancer. A.frontier B.border C.boundary 2.When the earthquake happened,many people tried tofrom the collapsing building. A.flee B.escape C.murder 3.The little girl silently as her mother told her the sad story of the homeless dog. A.wept B.cried C.smiled 4.You must show your when checking into an international flight. A.identification B.appreciation C.ceremony 5.During the war,soldiers lived in to protect themselves from enemy attacks. A.trenches B.holes C.borders 6.The company hired workers to help with the holiday shopping season rush. 6 高中选修4北师大版 【Umit11】 Conflict and Compromise Lesson 3 A.temporary B.permanent C.helpful 7.The art gallery will a collection of famous paintings next month A.display B.distribute C.flee 8.The graduation will be held in the school hall at 9 a.m.this Saturday. A.ceremony B.incident C.appreciation 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.The police are still investigating the mcase that occurred in the park last night. 2.She couldn't help wwhen she heard the news of her grandmother's passing. 3.We need to cross the bbetween France and Germany to reach our destination 4.The volunteers will d food and blankets to the victims of the flood tomorrow. 5.There was a p_ _in the supermarket when the fire alarm went off suddenly. 6.Thes successfully performed the heart surgery on the patient yesterday. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.I would like to express my_ (appreciate)for your timely help during the emergency. 2.Many people (flee)their homes due to the heavy rain and flooding last week. 3.The museum (display)ancient artifacts from the Ming Dynasty since last month. 4.She felt a sense of(panic)when she realized she had lost her passport in a foreign country. 5.The (surgeon)in this hospital are known for their excellent skills in treating cancer. 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.这个小村庄位于中国和缅甸的边境附近。 The small village is located near the China and Myanmar. 7 高中选修4北师大版 【Umit11】 Conflict and Compromise Lesson 3 2.听到这个好消息时，她激动得流下了眼泪。 She joy when she heard the good news. 3.他因谋杀罪被判处终身监禁。 He was sentenced to life imprisonment for 4.商店在橱窗里陈列新款服装以吸引顾客。 The shop new clothes in the window to attract customers. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 During World War I,soldiers often lived in(1) (trench)for months.They had to (2) (escape)from enemy attacks and deal with harsh conditions.Many civilians(3)(flee)their hometowns to avoid the war.After the war,some soldiers suffered from trauma and would (4) (weep)when talking about their experiences.To honor their courage,a special(5)(ceremony) was held in the capital.People showed their(6)(appreciation)for the soldiers'sacrifice,and many expressed the hope for lasting peace. 参考答案 I单项选择 1.A2B3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.murder 2.weeping 3.border 4.distribute 5.panic 6.surgeon I.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.appreciation 2.fled 3.has displayed 4.panic 5.surgeons V.完成句子 1.border between 2.wept with 3.murder 4.displays V.语篇填空 1.trenches 2.escape 3.fled 4.weep 5.ceremony 6.appreciation 8