Unit 5 Humans and Nature Lesson 3-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲必修第二册（北师大版）

高中英语北师大版 【必修2】 Unit5词义辨析及同义替换精讲 核心词汇精讲 【Unit5】Humans and Nature Lesson3 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 explorer /ik'splo:ra/n. 探险者；础；t.以…为基地 distant/'distant/adj.久远的；遥 勘察者 anxiously/'e)ksli/adv.焦虑远的 preparation/.prep3're/n.预地；不安地 continent/'kontmant/n.洲，大 备，准备 break down停止运转，出故障洲：大陆 *sledge/sled3/n.雪橇 ambition/em'bn/n.抱负，雄*tent/tent/n.帐篷 ski/ski:/n.滑雪板；vi.滑雪 心：追求，夙愿 honesty/'DnIsti/n.坦诚；诚实， captain/'kaepti/n.上校；队长；exploration/,ekspla'reifn/n.探正直 组长 险：探索 sincerity/sn'serati/n.真诚，真 polar/'pawl/adj.极地的，地极cheerful/'tafl/adj.高兴的，兴挚，诚实 的 高采烈的 bravery/'brervari/n.勇气：勇敢 base/beis/n.基地，大本营；基prove /pru:v/t.证明；证实 的行为 词义辨析及同义替换 1.explorer/k'splo:ra/n.探险者：勘察者 词义辨析： explorer:指以探索未知地区、发现新事物为目的的人，尤指地理或科学领域的探险者。 adventurer:侧重指喜欢冒险、寻求刺激的人，不一定以探索为主要目的。 同义替换： adventurer,discoverer 例句： The famous explorer crossed the Antarctic alone 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2同步练习） Amundsen was a great who reached the South Pole first. A.inventor B.explorer.musician(答案：B) 2.preparation/.prep3'ren/n.预备，准备 高中英语北师大版 【必修2】 Unit5词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： preparation:指为某事进行的准备工作，强调过程和动作，常用搭配make preparations for。 preparatory: 形容词，意为“预备的、准备的”，如preparatory course(预备课程)。 同义替换： preparatory work,arrangement 例句： We need to make full preparations for the coming exam 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2单元测试） They spent a week on the for the camping trip A.preparation B.invitation C.celebration (答案：A) 3.ambition/en'bn/n.抱负，雄心；追求，夙愿 词义辨析： ambition:指个人强烈的愿望和日标，通常是长期的、需要努力实现的理想。 goal:侧重指具体的、可达成的目标，比ambition更具体。 同义替换： aspiration,dream 例句： His ambition is to become a famous scientist in the future. 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2同步练习） She has the to climb the highest mountain in the world. A.ambition B.hobby C.habit (答案：A) 4.exploration/,ekspl3'rem/n.探险：探索 词义辨析： exploration:指对未知领域的探索或科学考察，强调过程和研究。 expedition:侧重指有组织、有目的的远征或探险活动，常指团队行动。 同义替换： expedition,investigation 例句： The exploration of the ocean deep has always interested scientists. 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2单元测试）》 The team started their to the Amazon rainforest last month. A.exploration B.vacation C.performance (答案：A) 5.prove /pru:v/t.证明；证实 词义辨析： prove:强调通过证据或事实证明某事的真实性或正确性，可接宾语或形容词作表语。 confirm:侧重“确认、证实”已知的事实或消息，语气更正式。 2 高中英语北师大版 【必修2】 Unit5词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： confirm,demonstrate 例句： He tried to prove his innocence with the video evidence. 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2同步练习) The experiment that the theory was correct A.proved B.imagined C.suggested (答案：A) 6.distant/distant/adj.久远的：遥远的 词义辨析： distant:既可指空间上“遥远的”，也可指时间上“久远的”或关系上“疏远的”。 far:侧重空间距离“远的”，口语中常用，可与fiom搭配。 同义替换： far,remote 例句： The stars are distant from the earth. 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2单元测试） My hometown is in a village,and we need to take a bus for two hours to get there. A.distant B.close C.near(答案：A) 7.honesty/'DnIsti//n.坦诚；诚实，正直 词义辨析： honesty:指言行一致、不欺骗的品质，是名词。 honest:形容词，意为“诚实的、正直的”，常作定语或表语。 同义替换： integrity,sincerity 例句： Honesty is the most important quality for a person. 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2同步练习） The teacher praised him for his when he admitted his mistake. A.honesty B.kindness C.bravery (答案：A) 8.sincerity/sm'serati/n.真诚，真挚，诚实 词义辨析： sincerity:指发自内心的真诚和诚恳，强调情感的真实性。 honesty:侧重言行上的诚实，不撒谎、不欺骗。 同义替换： genuineness,earnestness 3 高中英语北师大版 【必修2】 Unit5词义辨析及同义替换精讲 例句： I was deeply moved by the sincerity in her words. 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2单元测试） We should treat others with and respect. A.sincerity B.anger C.doubt(答案：A) 9.bravery/"brervari/n.勇气：勇敢的行为 词义辨析： bravery:指面对危险或困难时表现出的勇气和勇敢行为，是名词。 brave:形容词，意为“勇敢的”，修饰人或行为。 同义替换： courage,valor 例句： The soldier was awarded a medal for his bravery in the battle. 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2同步练习） Her in saving the child from the fire surprised everyone. A.bravery B.shyness C.weakness (答案：A) 10.base /beis/n.基地，大本营：基础：t.以…为基地 词义辨析： base(n.):指具体的“基地、大本营”或抽象的“基础”。 basis:仅作名词，指抽象的“基础、根据”，常用搭配on the basis of。 同义替换： foundation,headquarters:(vt.)establish,situate 例句： The team set up a base at the foot of the mountain. 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2同步练习） This theory is on a lot of scientific research A.based B.fixed C.put (答案：A) l1.cheerful/'tfafl/adj.高兴的，兴高采烈的 词义辨析： cheerful:侧重指人性格乐观、愉快，或气氛轻松愉快。 happy:含义更广，泛指“幸福的、快乐的”，可用于各种场合。 同义替换： happy,joyful 例句： She always has a cheerful smile on her face 4 高中英语北师大版 【必修2】 Unit5词义辨析及同义替换精讲 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2同步练习） The children were singing and dancing in the park. A.cheerful B.angry C.sad (答案：A) 12.break down停止运转，出故障 词义辨析： break down:指机器、车辆等“出故障、停止运转”，也可指人“情绪崩溃”。 break up:指“分手、解散”或“打碎、分解”。 同义替换： break down-go wrong,break down (emotionally)fall apart 例句： My car broke down on the way to work this morning 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2单元测试) The elevator and we had to walk up to the 10th floor. A.broke down B.turned on C.took off(答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.Magellan was a famous who led the first voyage around the world. A.explorer B.adventurer C.inventor 2.We need to make full for the upcoming sports meeting. A.preparation B.arrangement C.invitation 3.Her is to become a doctor and help people in need. A.goal B.ambition C.hobby 4.The of the ancient temple has attracted many archaeologists. A.expedition B.exploration 5 高中英语北师大版 【必修2】 Unit5词义辨析及同义替换精讲 C.investigation 5.The experiment that water boils at 100 degrees Celsius at sea level. A.proved B.confirmed C.suggested 6.My grandparents live in a village,so we visit them only twice a year. A.far B.distant C.remote 7.The boy was praised for his when he returned the lost wallet to its owner. A.honesty B.sincerity C.integrity 8.She spoke with such that everyone believed her story. A.honesty B.sincerity C.bravery 9.The firefighter showed greatwhen he rushed into the burning building. A.courage B.bravery C.valor 10.This theory is on years of research and experiments. A.based B.fixed C.founded 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.Thee reached the North Pole after a long and difficult journey. 2.Without proper p,the party will not be successful. 3.His a to become an astronaut led him to study hard in science and math. 4.The team's e of the rainforest will last for three months. 5.The scientist spent years trying to phis new theory. 6.The stars in the sky look small,but they are very d from us. 6 高中英语北师大版 【必修2】 Unit5词义辨析及同义替换精讲 7.His important in any relationship,as it builds trust. 8.We should always treat others with s_ and kindness 9.The soldier was awarded a medal for his b in battle. 10.The company has a b in the center of the city 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The (explore)of the deep sea has led to many new discoveries. 2.We need to make(prepare)for the exam next week 3.She has the (ambitious)to start her own business. 4.The (distant)between the two cities is about 500 kilometers. 5.His (honest)made him very popular among his friends. 6.The child's (sincere)smile touched everyone's heart. 7.The (brave)of the rescuers saved many lives. 8.The company is. (base)in New York,with branches in many countries. 9.She always has a (cheer)attitude towards life 10.My car (break down)on the way to the airport yesterday. 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.那位探险家独自一人穿越了沙漠。 The crossed the desert 2.他们正在为即将到来的旅行做准备。 They are. for the coming trip 3.他的雄心壮志是成为一名伟大的科学家。 His is to become a great 4.科学家们一直在探索太空的奥秘。 Scientists have been the of space. 5.这个实验证明了他的理论是正确的。 The experiment that his theory was > 高中英语北师大版 【必修2】 Unit5词义辨析及同义替换精讲 6.我的家乡是一个遥远的小镇。 My hometown is a 7.诚实是一种重要的品质。 is an important 8.她的真诚赢得了所有人的尊重。 Her won everyone's 五、语篇填空 Amundsen was a famous (1) (explorer/adventurer)who first reached the South Pole.Before his journey,he made careful (2) (preparation/preparatory)to ensure success.His(3) (ambition/goal)was to prove that humans could overcome extreme conditions.During the (4) (exploration/expedition),his team faced(5)(distant/far)and dangerous terrain.However,their (6 (bravery/courage)and teamwork helped them achieve their goal.Amundsen's success(7) (proved/confirmed)that with proper planning and determination,even the most challenging tasks can be completed.Today,he is remembered for his(8)(honesty/sincerity)and pioneering spirit in the field of polar exploration. 参考答案 I单项选择 1.A2.A3.B4.B5.A6B7.A8B9B10.A IⅡ.根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.explorer 2.preparation 3.ambition 4.exploration 5.prove 6.distant 7.Honesty 8.sincerity 9.bravery 10.base ⅡI.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.exploration 2.preparations 3.ambition 4.distance 5.honesty 6.sincere 7.bravery 8.based 9.cheerful 10.broke down V.完成句子 1.explorer;alone 2.making preparations 3.ambition;scientist 4.exploring:mysteries 5.proved;correct 6.distant town 7.Honesty,quality 8.sincerity,respect V语篇填空 1.explorer 2.preparations 3.ambition 4.expedition 5.distant 6.bravery 7.proved 8.sincerity 8