Unit 4 Information Technology Lesson 3-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲必修第二册（北师大版）

高中北师大版 【必修2】 Unit 4:Information Technology Lesson 3 必修2 Unit 4:Information Technology Lesson 3 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、 全部单元单词 harm /ha:m/t.&n.伤害，损害 content/'kontent/hn.内容 持 argument/'a:qjum3nt/m.论点；shallow/∫elau/adj.肤浅的，浅smartphone/sma::tfaun/n.智能 论据 薄的 手机 replace/r'plers/vt.取代：接替 *trivial/'trivial/adj.没有什么价tablet/'taeblit/n.平板电脑：药片： hug /hAg/n.&t.拥抱：紧抱 值的；微不足道的 碑，牌 concentrate/'konsntrert/i.专basis/'beisis/n.基础l;基点 limiting/'lmt/adj.局限的，限 注，专心：集中注意力 percent /p3'sent/n.百分比；百分制性的 concerned /kan's3nd/adj.关切数 brief /bri:fad.简洁的，简明的 的，关心的 opinion/a'pmjn/h.意见：看法；*emoji/T'mad3ih.表情符号 be concerned with关心. 主张 creative /kri'eItv/adj.创造性的 rewarding'w:d/adj.有益focus/'faukas/wi.&t.集中（注*thought-.provoking adj..发人深 的：有意义的 意力)：n.焦点 省的，令人深思的 addition/a'dnn.增添；添加 focus on关注 authority:'0 Drati/n.权威人士： in addition除此之外 maintain /mem'tent.保持；维专家 词义辨析及同义替换 1.harm /ha:m/t.&n.伤害，损害 词义辨析： harm:指对人或事物造成的损伤或不良影响，程度可轻可重，强调结果上的损害，如环境危害、 身体伤害。 hut:侧重指肉体或情感上的疼痛，也可表示“伤害”，但更强调疼痛感，如hurt one's feelings (伤害感情)。 同义替换： damage,injure 例句： Smoking can harm your health. 高中北师大版 【必修2】 Unit 4:Information Technology Lesson 3 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2同步练习） The heavy rain the crops in the field. A.harm B.hurt C.damaged (答案：C) 2.argument/'a:gjumant/h.论点；论据 词义辨析： argument:指“论点、论据”，侧重为支持或反对某观点而提出的理由，也可指“争论”。 debate:指正式的“辩论、讨论”，通常有明确的议题和双方观点的交锋。 同义替换： reason,dispute 例句： He presented a strong argument against the plan 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2单元测试) The between the two scientists lasted for hours A.argument B.debate C.talk(答案：B) 3.replace /r'pleIs/vt.取代；接替 词义辨析： replace:指“代替、取代”，强调用新的人或事物替换的，常用搭配replace A with B(用B代替 A)。 substitute:侧重“替代、替补”，可作动词或名词，搭配substitute A for B(用A替代B)。 同义替换： take the place of,substitute 例句： Robots are replacing workers in some factories. 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2同步练习） We can use milk cream in this recipe. A.replace B.substitute C.take the place of (答案：B) 4.concentrate/'konsntrert/.wi.专注，专心；集中注意力 词义辨析： concentrate: 强调“集中注意力于某事物”，后常接on,如concentrate on study(专注于学习)。 focus::与concentrate含义相近，也指“集中注意力”，但focus还可作名词“焦点”，搭配focus on 同义替换： focus,pay attention to 例句： You need to concentrate when doing homework. 2 高中北师大版 【必修2】 Unit 4:Information Technology Lesson 3 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2月考卷） Students should their attention on the teacher's explanation. A.concentrate B.focus C.fix (答案：B) 5. concerned /kan's3nd/adj.关切的，关心的 词义辨析： concernec:指“关心的、担忧的”，常用搭配be concerned about（关心…)、be concerned with (与…有关)。 worried:侧重“担忧的、焦虑的”，强调因不确定的事情而感到不安，搭配be worried about。 同义替换： worried,anxious 例句： Parents are concerned about their children's safety. 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2单元测试） She is about her son's health. A.concerned B.worried C.anxious (答案：A) 6.addition/'dn/m.增添；添加 词义辨析： addition:指“增加的人或事物”，常用搭配in addition(除此之外)、in addition to(除…之外)。 increase:指“数量、程度等的增加”，可作名词或动词，如population increase（人口增长)。 同义替换： increase,supplement 例句： In addition,we need to buy some milk 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2同步练习） to English,he also studies French A.Addition B.In addition C.Besides (答案：B) 7.shallow/'∫ela/adj.肤浅的，浅薄的 词义辨析： shallow:指“肤浅的、浅薄的”，可形容人或观点缺乏深度，也可指“浅的（深度）”，如shallow water(浅水)。 superficial:侧重“表面的、肤浅的”，强调缺乏深入思考，如superficial knowledge(浅薄的知 识)。 同义替换： superficial,shallow-minded 例句： His understanding of the problem is very shallow. 3 高中北师大版 【必修2】 Unit 4:Information Technology Lesson 3 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2阅读题） The article gives only a analysis of the issue. A.shallow B.superficial C.deep (答案：A) 8.trivial/trivial/adj.没有什么价值的：微不足道的 词义辨析： trivial:指“琐碎的、微不足道的”，强调事情不重要、无意义，如trivial matters(琐事)。 unimportant:含义更直接，指“不重要的”，反义词是important。. 同义替换： unimportant,insignificant 例句： Don't waste time on trivial things. 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2单元练习) We should focus on important tasks and ignore the ones. A.trivial B.unimportant C.significant(答案：A) 9.focus/faukas/vi.&t.集中（注意力）；n.焦点 词义辨析： focus:作动词时指“集中注意力”，搭配focus on:作名词时指“焦点、中心”。 concentrate:与focus作动词时含义相近，均指集中注意力，但concentrate更强调排除干扰。 同义替换： concentrate,center 例句： The company will focus on developing new products. 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2月考卷） Please your mind on the task at hand. A.focus :B.concentrate C.fix(答案：B) l0.maintain /mem'tem/t.保持：维持 词义辨析： maintain:指“维持、保持”，强调使事物保持在某种状态，如maintain health(保持健康)、maintain order(维持秩序)。 keep:含义更广，指“保持、保留”，可用于keep+adj./doing等结构，如keep quiet(保持安静)。 同义替换： keep,preserve 例句： We need to maintain a positive attitude. 4 高中北师大版 【必修2】 Unit 4:Information Technology Lesson 3 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2同步练习） It's difficult to a balance between work and life. A.maintain B.keep C.preserve (答案：A) 11.limiting/'lmt/adj.局限的，限制性的 词义辨析： limiting:指“限制性的、局限的”，强调对事物的范围或发展有约束，如limiting factors(限制 因素)。 restrictive:侧重“限制的、约束的”，常指规则、政策等具有约束性，如restrictive laws(限制性 法律)。 同义替换： restrictive,confining 例句： His lack of education is a limiting factor for his career. 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2阅读题） The rules make it hard for new companies to enter the market. A.limiting B.restrictive C.free(答案：B) l2.creative /kri'ertv/adj.创造性的 词义辨析： creative:指“有创造力的、创造性的”，强调产生新想法或作品的能力，如creative thinking(创 造性思维)。 original:侧重“原创的、新颖的”，指不是模仿他人的，如original ideas(原创想法)。 同义替换： original,innovative 例句： She is a creative designer. 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2单元测试） The artist's works won high praise. A.creative B.original C.new (答案：A) 13. authority/b:rati/n.权威人士；专家 词义辨析： authority:指“权威人士、专家”，也可指“权威、权力”，如a medical authority(医学权威)。 expert:指“专家”，侧重在某领域有专业知识和技能，如an expert in physics(物理专家)。 同义替换： expert,specialist 例句： We need to consult an authority on this subject. 高中北师大版 【必修2】 Unit 4:Information Technology Lesson 3 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2同步练习） The was invited to give a lecture on environmental protection. A.authority B.expert C.teacher (答案：B) 14.opinion/A'pInj3n/m.意见；看法；主张 词义辨析： opinion::指“个人意见、看法”，强调主观的判断，如in my opinion(在我看来)。 view:与opinion含义相近，指“观点、见解”，更正式，如a different view(不同观，点)。 同义替换： view,viewpoint 例句： What's your opinion on this matter? 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修2单元练习) Inmy we should take action to protect the environment. A.opinion B.view 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The loud noise from the construction site may your hearing if you stay there for a long time. A.harm B.hurt C.damage 2.The two teams had a heated. about the best way to solve the problem. A.argument B.debate C.talk 3.You can butter with margarine in this recipe if you don't have butter. A.replace B.substitute C.take the place of 4.Students should on their studies instead of playing computer games all day. A.concentrate B.focus 6 高中北师大版 【必修2】 Unit 4:Information Technology Lesson 3 C.fix 5.My parents are about my safety when I travel alone. A.concerned B.worried C.anxious 6. to reading books,he also likes playing sports in his free time. A.Addition B.In addition C.Besides 7.The report only gives a analysis of the current economic situation A.shallow B.superficial C.deep 8.Don't let things distract you from your main goal. A.trivial B.unimportant C.significant 9.Please your attention on the experiment to avoid making mistakes A.focus B.concentrate C.fix 10.It is important to a healthy lifestyle to prevent diseases. A.maintain B.keep C.preserve 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1. The heavy rain caused (损害)to the houses in the village. 2.His strong (论点)convinced everyone at the meeting. 3.We need to (取代)the old machine with a new one 4.She found it hard to (集中注意力)on her work with the noise outside, 5.The teacher is (关t切的)about the students'mental health 6. ()we should also consider the environmental impact of this project. 1 高中北师大版 【必修2】 Unit 4:Information Technology Lesson 3 7.His (肤浅的)understanding of the issue led to a wrong decision, 8.She spent too much time on (琐碎的)details and forgot the main task 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The new technology will (replace)traditional methods in the near future. 2.He presented a (convince)argument to support his idea 3.She is good at (concentrate)on multiple tasks at the same time. 4.The government should take measures to (maintain)social stability. 5.The (create)design of the building attracted many visitors 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.吸烟会严重损害你的健康。 Smoking can to your health. 2.我们应该用环保材料代替塑料。 We should plastic environmentally friendly materials. 3.学生们需要集中注意力听老师讲课。 Students need to the teacher's lecture. 4.父母总是关心孩子的教育。 Parents are always their children's education. 5.1 除了英语，他还学习日语和法语。 English,he also studies Japanese and French. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Nowadays,many people are 1_ (concern)about the environment.Some argue that human ac- tivities have 2 (harm)the earth,while others have different 3(opinion).To solve this problem,experts suggest we should 4(replace)non-renewable energy with renewable energy. We also need to 5_(concentrate)on reducing waste and recycling.In 6(add),everyone should take action to protect our planet.Only in this way can we 7 (maintain)a good living environment for future generations. 8 高中北师大版 【必修2】 Unit 4:Information Technology Lesson 3 参考答案 I单项选择 1.A2B3B4.A5.A6B7.A8.A9.B10.A Ⅱ根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.harm 2.argument 3.replace 4.concentrate 5.concerned 6.In addition 7.shallow 8.trivial ⅡL.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.replace 2.convincing 3.concentrating 4.maintain 5.creative V.完成句子 1.do serious harm 2.substitute;with 3.concentrate on listening to 4.concerned about 5In addition to V.语篇填空 1.concerned 2.harmed 3.opinions 4.replace 5.concentrate 6.addition 7.maintain