Unit 3 Celebrations Lesson 1-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲必修第一册（北师大版

高中英语北师大版必修1 【寒假专版】 Unit3词义辨析及同义替换精讲 寒假专版 【Unit3】Celebrations Lesson1 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 immediately /I'mi:diatli/adv. sweep away扫除：清除 accent/'aeksant/n.口音 刻，马上 character/kaerakta/n.字，字体；hotpot/hptppt/.n.火锅 gathering/'geǒary/n.聚会 人物，角色 *firecracker /'farakraeka/n. snack/snek/n.(正餐以外的)小 attach'tett.贴；固定；附炮，爆竹 吃，点心 上 retired/r'tarad/adj..退休的 putp张贴 upside down倒置地，颠倒地 *buzz/bAz/vi..闹哄哄，喧闹 decoration/.dek3'ren/n.装饰expectant/k'spektant/adj.期待joy/d3o/n.欢欣，愉快，喜悦 物 的，期望的 throughout/ru:'aot/prep.在整 let off使某物爆炸 scare/kea/t.吓唬：使（某人）个期间，自始至终 account/A'kaont/n.描述，报道惊恐 original/'rd3ml/adj.原先的， summarise/'sAmaraiz/vi..&t.scare sb/sth away把…吓跑 最早的，最初的 总结，概括 flight/flat/n.航班 custom/kAstam/n.风俗，习惯： host/haust/n.主人；东道主：主wine/wan/n.葡萄酒 传统 持人 surround/s3'raund/t.环绕，围 sweep/swi:p/V.扫：打扫 绕 词义辨析及同义替换 1.account /a'kaont/n.描述，报道 词义辨析： account:侧重对事件或情况的详细“描述、报道”，强调客观性和完整性，常用搭配为give an account of description: 更侧重通过语言或文字对人、物、场景等的“具体描述”，强调细节的刻画。 同义替换： description,report 例句： She gave a clear account of the accident to the police. 高中英语北师大版必修1 【寒假专版】 Unit3词义辨析及同义替换精讲 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修1同步练习） The witness provided a detailed of the thief's appearance. A.account B.summary C.decoration (答案：A) 2.original/'rId3ml/adj.原先的，最早的，最初的 词义辨析： original:强调“最初的、最早的”，指事物在时间或来源上的起点，反义词为copied或modified。 initial:侧重“开始阶段的、最初的”，常指过程中的第一步，反义词为final。 同义替换： initial,primary,first 例句： The original plan was to go hiking,but we changed it due to the rain. 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修1单元测试) Please fill in your name and address on the form A.original B.initial C.current(答案：A) 3.custom/kAstam/n.风俗，习惯；传统 词义辨析： custom:指一个群体或社会长期形成的“风俗、传统”，具有群体性和传承性。 habit:侧重个人长期养成的“习惯”，强调个体行为的重复性，如生活习惯、学习习惯。 同义替换： tradition,convention 例句： It's a custom in China to eat dumplings during the Spring Festival. 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修1同步练习） Drinking tea after meals is a for many people in the south of China. A.custom B.habit C.character (答案：B) 4.throughout./0u:'aot/prep.在整个期间，自始至终 词义辨析： throughout:强调“在整个时间或空间范围”，可指时间上的“自始至终”或空间上的“遍及各 处”。 during:仅表示“在…期间”，侧重某个时间段内发生的动作，不强调“全程覆盖”。 同义替换： all through,during the whole time 例句： She kept working hard throughout the year and finally achieved her goal. 2 高中英语北师大版必修1 【寒假专版】 Unit3词义辨析及同义替换精讲 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修1期中测试） the party,everyone was dancing and singing happily. A.Throughout B.During C.Between (答案：A) 5.surround/sa'raund/t.环绕，围绕 词义辨析： urround:指“从四面八方围绕、包围”，强调空间上的环绕状态，常用搭配为be surrounded by。 encircle:更正式，侧重“形成圆圈状包围”，强调动作的完整性，如敌人被军队encircle。 同义替换： encircle,enclose 例句： The small village is surrounded by green mountains and clear rivers. 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修1同步练习) The stadium is by tall buildings and trees. A.surrounded B.attached C.swept (答案：A) 6.joy/d3/n.欢欣，愉快，喜悦 词义辨析： jy:指强烈而深刻的“喜悦、欢欣”，常带有持久或庄重的意味，是不可数名词。 pleasure:侧重“愉快、满足”，指因某事带来的短暂快感，可作可数或不可数名词。 同义替换： pleasure,delight,happiness 例句： Tears of joy ran down her face when she heard the good news. 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修1单元测试） The children screamed with when they saw the presents. A.joy B.custom C.buzz (答案：A) 7.expectant/k'spektant/adj.期待的，期望的 词义辨析： expectant::强调“充满期待的”，常指对未来某事的热切盼望，眼神或态度中带有明显期待感。 expecting:是动词expect的现在分词，作形容词时仅表示“怀孕的”(be expecting a baby),不 可用于形容“期待的心情”。 同义替换： expectant,hopeful,anticipating 例句： The expectant crowd waited outside the airport for the famous singer. 3 高中英语北师大版必修1 【寒假专版】 Unit3词义辨析及同义替换精讲 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修1同步练习） She looked at her mother with eyes,hoping to get permission. A.expectant B.retired C.original (答案：A) 8.summarise/'SAmeraIz/vi.&t.总结，概括 词义辨析： summarise:指对内容进行“简明扼要的总结、概括”，提炼核心信息，常用搭配为summarise sth (for sb)。 conclude:侧重“得出结论”，强调通过推理或分析后“结束讨论并总结观点”，常用搭配为 conclude that.。 同义替换： sum up,conclude,outline 例句： Please summarise the main idea of the passage in three sentences. 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修1阅读专项训练） After reading the text,the teacher asked us to the key points. A.summarise B.account C.attach(答案：A) 9.host /haust/.n.主人：东道主；主持人 词义辨析： host(主人/东道主)：指招待客人的“主人”或举办活动的“东道主”，对应词为guest(客人)： 作“主持人”时，侧重把控活动流程。 master:指“主人”时，强调对事物的“掌控权”（如主人与仆人），或技艺上的“大师”，不用 于“东道主”或“主持人”。 同义替换： host→owner(主人)；compere(主持人) 例句： Our school will be the host of the English speech contest next month. 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修1同步练习） As the of the party,she greeted every guest at the door A.host B.character C.gathering(答案：A) l0.attach/A'tett.贴；固定；附上 词义辨析： attach:强调“将某物粘贴、固定或附在另一物体上”，常用搭配为attach.to,如attach a note to the book stick:口语中更常用，侧重“粘贴”，直接表示用胶水、胶带等“粘住”，如stick a stamp on the envelope。 高中英语北师大版必修1 【寒假专版】 Unit3词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： stick,fasten,fix 例句： Please attach your photo to the application form before submitting it. 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修1单元测试) He a label to his suitcase to avoid losing it. A.attached B.swept C.let off(答案：A) 11.scare/skea/t.吓唬：使（某人）惊恐 词义辨析： scare:侧重“使受惊、吓唬”，语气较弱，可用于主动或被动语态，常用搭配为scare sb/sth away。 frighten:语气更强，指“使恐惧、害怕”，强调内心的恐惧感受，如The loud noise frightened the children. 同义替换： frighten,terrify,startle 例句： The dog barked to scare the stranger away from the house. 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修1同步练习） Don't the little girl.She is already very nervous. A.scare B.surround C.buzz(答案：A) 12.accent/'aeksant/n.口音 词义辨析： accent:指“口音、腔调”，因地域、国家或社会阶层不同而产生的发音特点，如a British accent。 dialect:指“方言”，不仅包括发音，还包括词汇和语法上的差异，如the Sichuan dialect。 同义替换： tone,pronunciation 例句： From his accent,I can tell he comes from the south of China. 真题链接：（北师大版高中必修1听力专项训练） The speaker's strong American. made it hard for us to understand him. A.accent B.character C.custom (答案：A) 综合演练 高中英语北师大版必修1 【寒假专版】 Unit3词义辨析及同义替换精讲 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The journalist gave a detailed of the accident after interviewing the witnesses. A.account B.description C.summary 2.The owner of the house decided to sell it after living there for 30 years. A.original B.initial C.current 3.It's a_ in many Western countries to exchange gifts on Christmas Eve. A.custom B.habit C.character 4 the summer vacation,she traveled to three different countries in Europe. A.Throughout B.During C.Between 5.The small island is by clear blue sea,making it a popular tourist destination. A.surrounded B.encircled C.enclosed 6.The children jumped with when they heard they would go to the amusement park. A.joy B.pleasure C.delight 7.The audience waited anxiously for the famous actor to appear on the stage A.expectant B.expecting C.hopeful 8.After the lecture,the professor asked us to the main points in our own words A.summarise B.conclude C.outline 6 高中英语北师大版必修1 【寒假专版】 Unit3词义辨析及同义替换精讲 9.Asthe of the TV program,she needs to keep the conversation flowing naturally. A.host B.compere C.master 10.Please your signature to the bottom of the document before submitting it. A.attach B.stick C.fasten 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The witness provided a clear (描述)of the suspect to the police. 2.We need to find the(最初的)cause of the problem to solve it completely. 3.Celebrating the Spring Festival is an important()in China 4.The team worked hard _(自始至终)the project and finally succeeded. 5.The village is()by mountains and rivers,with beautiful scenery. 6.Tears of (filled her eyes when she received the acceptance letter. 7.The (期待的)fans waited outside the concert hall for hours. 8.Could you please (the main ideas of this article in a few sentences? 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The (origin)plan was to finish the task in two days,but we needed an extra day. 2.She was (expect)a call from her son,so she kept her phone nearby. 3.The teacher asked us to(summary)the story after reading it. 4.The hotel (host)a welcome party for the guests last night. 5.He (attach)a photo to his email before sending it to his parents 6.The loud noise (scare)the little cat away from the garden 7.Her strong British (accent)made her stand out in the group. 四、完成句子（每空一词） > 高中英语北师大版必修1 【寒假专版】 Unit3词义辨析及同义替换精讲 1.请详细描述一下你在博物馆看到的情况。Please give a detailed what you saw in the museum 2.他最初的想法是成为一名医生，但后来改变了主意。Hs wasto become a doctor, but he changed his mind later. 3.这个小镇被绿树环绕，空气非常清新。The small town green trees,and the air is very fresh 4.听到这个好消息，她高兴得跳了起来。She jumped when she heard the good news. 5.请在申请表上附上你的照片和简历。Please your photo andresume」 the application form. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 The Spring Festival is one of the most important festivals in China.It has a long history and is a traditional (1)(custom/habit)for Chinese people.Before the festival,people usually clean their houses andprepare delicious food.Many families travel back to their (2)(original/initial) hometowns to reunite with their relatives. During the festival,the streets are (3)(surrounded/encircled)by red decorations,and people wear new clothes.Children are especially happy because they can receive red envelopes with money, which brings them great(4)(joy/pleasure).Adults often (5)(summarise/account)the past year and make plans for the new one. On New Year's Eve,families gather together to have a big dinner.They stay up late,(6) (expectant/expecting)the arrival of the new year.The(7)(host/master)of the family usually gives a speech to welcome the new year and wish everyone good luck. 参考答案 I单项选择 1.A2.A3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.account 2.original 3.custom 4.throughout 5.surrounded 6.joy 7.expectant 8.sum- marise ⅡL.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.original 2.expecting 3.summarise 4.hosted 5.attached 6.scared 7.accent 8 高中英语北师大版必修1 【寒假专版】 Unit3词义辨析及同义替换精讲 V.完成句子 1.account of 2.original idea 3.is surrounded by 4.with joy 5.attach;to V.语篇填空 1.custom 2.original 3.surrounded 4.joy 5.summarise 6.expectant 7.host 9