Unit 10 Connections Lesson 3-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第四册（北师大版）

高中选修4北师大版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 10:Connections Lesson 3 词汇精讲 【Unit10】Connections Lesson3 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 *gable/'gebl/n.山墙，三角墙 proceed /pr3'si:d/vi.继续进行，*faucet/'f:st/n.水龙头 adopt/a'dopt/vi.&t.收养，领继续做 *shiver'iva/n.&vi.颤抖，哆 养：采取某种方法、政策、态度reveal /r'vi:1//t.展现，显露；揭嗦，发抖 等 示，揭露 bone /baon/n.骨头：骨质物 *stiff/strf/adj.挺的，硬的，不tear-stained /'trastemd/ad.有泪*sob /spb/n.&vi.&t.抽噎， 易弯曲的 痕的 啜泣：哭诉 freeze/fri:z/vi..&t.呆住；突然*orph an/'fn/n.孤儿 *pillow/'pla/n.枕头 停止：（使）结冰，（使）冻结 investigate/m'vestigeit/.vi.&t.dive/darv/vi.扑向，急冲进：跳 *amazement/月'meizmant/n.吃查明，调查，侦查 水，潜水 惊，惊奇 *sigh/sa/n.&vi.叹息，叹气 *frown/fraon/vi.皱眉 *clasp /kla:sp/vt.握紧，抱紧；n.*despair/d'spe3/n.绝望 *resolutely/'rezalu:tli/adv.坚决 紧握，紧抱 dare /de3/n.&vi.胆敢，敢于地，坚定地 *burst into突然…起来（尤指*bare/bea/.adj.空的，无装饰的： 唱歌、哭、笑等) 赤裸的，裸露的 词义辨析及同义替换 l.adopt/'dppt/vi..&t.收养，领养；采取某种方法、政策、态度等 词义辨析： aopt作“收养”时，强调通过法律程序正式接纳他人子女为自己的子女：作“采取”时，侧重 主动选择并实施某种方案、政策等。 同义替换： foster（侧重临时抚养)、take(口语化“采取”) 例句： The couple decided to adopt a child from the orphanage..(这对夫妇决定从孤儿院收养一个孩子。) 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修4同步练习） The government plans to new measures to improve public health 高中选修4北师大版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 10:Connections Lesson 3 A.adapt B.adopt C.adjust (答案：B) 2.reveal /rI'vi:L/t.展现，显露：揭示，揭露 词义辨析： reveal侧重“使隐藏的事物公开或显露”，可接事实、情感、信息等：disclose语气更正式，强调 “透露秘密或未公开的信息”。 同义替换： disclose,expose,show 例句： Her smile revealed a row of white teeth.(她的微笑露出了一排洁白的牙齿。) 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修4单元检测） The report that the company had lost a lot of money last year. A.revealed B.covered C.hid (答案：A) 3.despair/d'spea/n.绝望 词义辨析： despair指因长期困境或失败而产生的“彻底绝望”，是不可数名词，常用搭配in despair;desperation 是其名词形式，侧重“绝望的状态或行为”。 同义替换： hopelessness,desperation 例句： He gave up the struggle in despair.(他绝望地放弃了斗争。) 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修4阅读填空） The old man's eyes were filled with when he heard the bad news A.despair B.hope C.joy (答案：A) 4.shiver /'frva/n.&vi.颤抖，哆嗦，发抖 词义辨析： shiver多指因寒冷、恐惧或激动而“轻微、快速地颤抖”；tremble可指因恐惧、愤怒、兴奋等引 起的“颤抖”，范围更广，程度可轻可重。 2 高中选修4北师大版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 10:Connections Lesson 3 同义替换： tremble,quiver 例句： She shivered with cold in the windy mountain.(她在多风的山上冻得发抖。) 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修4完形填空） The little girl when she saw the big dog running towards her. A.smiled B.shivered C.laughed (答案：B) 5.sob/sDb/n.&vi.&t.抽噎，啜泣：哭诉 词义辨析： sob强调“抽噎着哭”，伴有呼吸急促的动作；w©ep较正式，指“无声或小声地哭”，常因悲伤 或感动：cy最常用，可指“大喊”或“哭泣”，声音较大。 同义替换： weep,cry,whimper 例句： She sobbed aloud when she heard her grandmother's death.(听到祖母去世的消息，她放声抽噎。) 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修4语法填空) The child into his mother's arms after being lost for hours. A.smiled B.sobbed C.nodded (答案：B) 6.freeze/fii:z/vi.&t.呆住；突然停止：（使）结冰，（使）冻结 词义辨析： freeze作“呆住”时，强调因震惊、恐惧而“瞬间停止动作”：stop泛指“停止”，可接不定式或 动名词，适用范围更广。 同义替换： stop,hat,stiffen(指“僵硬，呆住") 例句： He froze when he saw the snake in the grass.(他看到草丛中的蛇时僵住了。) 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修4单选） Water at 0C and boils at 100.C. A.freezes B.melts 3 高中选修4北师大版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 10:Connections Lesson 3 C.evaporates (答案：A) 7.proceed /pra3'si:d/vi.继续进行，继续做 词义辨析： proceed侧重“在中断后继续进行”，常用搭配proceed with sth.:continue最常用，可直接接动词 不定式或动名词，指“不间断地继续”。 同义替换： continue,go on,carry on 例句： After a short rest,they proceeded with their journey.（短暂休息后，他们继续赶路。) 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修4完成句子） Please (继续)your work while I'm away. (答案：proceed with/continue） 8.frown /fraur/vi.皱眉 词义辨析： fowm指因不满、困惑或思考而“皱眉”；glare侧重“怒视”，带有敌意；tare指“长时间盯着 看”，可能因好奇、惊讶等。 同义替换： scowl,knit one's brows 例句： The teacher frowned at the noisy students..(老师对吵闹的学生皱起了眉头。) 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修4阅读理解） What does the underlined word "frowned"mean in the passage? A.Smiled happily B.Looked angrily C.Knit the brows (答案：C) 9.resolutely/'rezalu:tli/adv.坚决地，坚定地 词义辨析： esolutely强调“意志坚定，毫不动摇”；firmly侧重“态度坚决，立场坚定”，可修饰动词或形 容词。 同义替换： firmly,determinedly,steadfastly 例句： She resolutely refused to give up her dreams.(她坚决拒绝放弃自己的梦想。) 高中选修4北师大版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 10:Connections Lesson 3 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修4书面表达） We should (坚决地)protect our environment. (答案：esolutely/firmly） l0.bare/bea/adj.空的，无装饰的：赤裸的，裸露的 词义辨析： bare指“没有覆盖物的，裸露的”，可形容身体部位或物体表面；empty侧重“内部没有东西的， 空的”，如empty room(空房间)。 同义替换： naked,empty,uncovered 例句： The walls of the old house were bare and cold.(老房子的墙壁光秃秃的，冷冰冰的。) 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修4词汇运用) He walked on the beach with feet. (答案：bare) 11.burst into突然…起来（尤指唱歌、哭、笑等） 词义辨析： burst into后接名词，如burst into tears/laughter（突然哭/笑起来)：burst out后接动名词，如burst out crying/laughing。 同义替换： break into,suddenly start 例句： The audience burst into applause when the singer finished.(歌手结束演唱时，观众突然爆发出掌 声。) 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修4句型转换） She suddenly started crying when she heard the news.(改为同义句) She tears when she heard the news (答案：burst into) l2.investigate/in'/vi.&t.查明，调查，侦查 词义辨析： investigate指“系统、深入地调查事实或原因”，常用于正式场合：examine侧重“仔细检查或审 查”，如examine the evidence(检查证据)。 同义替换： examine,probe,look into 例句： The police are investigating the cause of the accident.(警方正在调查事故原因。) 高中选修4北师大版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 10:Connections Lesson 3 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修4阅读理解） Why did the scientists the strange phenomenon? A.ignore B.investigate C.forget (答案：B) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The local government decided to new policies to reduce air pollution. A.adapt B.adopt C.adjust 2.The documentary the hidden truth about the ancient civilization A.revealed B.covered C.hid 3.The villagers'eyes were filled with after the flood destroyed their homes. A.despair B.hope C.joy 4.The little girl with fear when she heard the thunderstorm A.smiled B.shivered C.laughed 5.The police are trying to the cause of the mysterious fire A.ignore B.investigate C.forget 6.After the meeting,they to discuss the details of the project. A.proceeded B.stopped C.hesitated 6 高中选修4北师大版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 10:Connections Lesson 3 7.She when she heard the silly joke from her friend. A.frowned B.glared C.smiled 8.The explorers walked through the desert with hands and faces under the hot sun A.empty B.bare C.naked 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The rescue team will (the accident site carefully tomorrow. 2.He (坚决地)refused to compromise with the unreasonable demands. 3.The old tree's branches were(赤裸的)after the heavy snow. 4.The crowd (突然爆发出)cheers when the winner crossed the finish line. 5.She (收养)a homeless cat and named it Lucky 6.The witness finally (揭露)the truth about the robbery. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The little boy (freeze)when he saw the stranger at the door. 2.She (sob)quietly while reading the sad story. 3.We should (resolute)protect endangered animals from extinction. 4.After the rain stopped,the workers(proceed)with the construction work. 5.The teacher (frown)at the students who were talking in class. 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.听到这个坏消息，她突然哭了起来。 She tears when she heard the bad news. 2.他绝望地放弃了寻找丢失的钥匙。 He gave up looking for the lost key 1 高中选修4北师大版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 10:Connections Lesson 3 3.水在零度时结冰，在一百度时沸腾。 Water at0℃and boils at100C. 4.短暂休息后，我们继续我们的旅程。 After a short rest,we our journey. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 When Amy heard her favorite singer would come to town,she (1) (shiver/trembled)with ex- citement.She(2)(adopted/fostered)the habit of checking the concert tickets online every day. However,when she found all tickets were sold out,her eyes filled with (3)(despair/hopeless- ness).She(4)(sobbed/cried)alone in her room until her mother knocked."Don't lose hope," her mother said,(5)(frowning/glaring)softly."Let's(6)(investigate/examine)other ways to get tickets."Together,they found a fan club selling extra tickets.Amy(7)(resolutely/ firmly)decided to join the club and finally got a ticket. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1B2.A3.A4.B5.B6.A7.C8.B Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.investigate 2.resolutely 3.bare 4.burst into 5.adopted 6.revealed ⅡI.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.froze 2.sobbed 3.resolutely 4.proceeded 5.frowned V.完成句子 1.burst into 2.in despair 3.freezes 4.proceeded with V.语篇填空 1.trembled 2.adopted 3.despair 4.sobbed 5.frowning 6.investigate 7.firmly 8