Unit 1 Relationships Lesson 3-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第一册（北师大版）

高中选修1北师大版 【同步精讲】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同步精讲 【Unit1】Relationships Lesson3 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、 全部单元单词 social networking社交网络 reality/i'elti/n.现实；真实 忧愁的 *socialise/'saufolarz/vi.交友：交million/'mrljen/.n.百万 delay/d'le/vi.&t.推迟，延 际：交往 *obsess/b'ses/t.使迷恋 期 laptop'lptp/n.笔记本电脑，obsess over对…过分担心 *chatter't∫et/vi.唠叨，喋喋 便携式电脑 mate/meit/n.朋友，伙伴 不休 constantly/'kpnstantli/adv.持续dominate/dominert//vi.&t.主 chatter away喋喋不休 不断地 宰，支配，控制 bend /bend/vi.&t.弯腰；俯身 aPp/p/n.应用程序 deadline/'dedlam/n.截止日期，extraordinary/ik'str:dneri/adj,. dorm/do:m/n.寝室，学生宿舍 最后期限 令人惊奇的，异乎寻常的 flow /fle/n.流动：vi.流，流动scroll/skr3/vi.上下滚动 udeu:d/adj.无礼的 *associate/'saufiert/t.与某人inch/nt∫/n.英寸 complain /kam'plem/vi.vt. 交往 stimulation/,stmj'lem/n.刺怨：不满；发牢骚 associate with与某人交往 激 appointment /3'pointmant/n. barely/'beali/adv.几乎不 chase /tfers/vi.&t.努力赢得：定；约会 reserved /r'Z3:vd/adj.含蓄的：n.追逐，追赶 alcoholic/,elka'hplik/n.酗酒 内敛的 desperate'desparat/adj.拼命者，嗜酒成瘾者：adj.(含)酒精 wired/warad/adj.联网的；极其的：绝望的 的 兴奋的 intense/m'tens/adj.紧张的，激*booze /bu:z/n.酒 distracted/dr'straektId/adj.心神烈的；剧烈的 *hard-wired /ha:d'warad/adj. 不定的，精神无法集中的 depressed/dr'prest/adj.沮丧的，硬件控制的：天生的 词义辨析及同义替换 1.associate/a'saufiert/vt.与某人交往 词义辨析： associate:强调与某人建立联系或交往，尤指因工作、兴趣等产生的关联，后常接with,如associate with sb socialise:侧重指参与社交活动、与他人互动交流，是不及物动词，如socialise with friends。 高中选修1北师大版 【同步精讲】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： connect with,socialise with 例句： She prefers to associate with people who share her interests 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1同步练习） It's important for teenagers to learn how to with others in society. A.associate B.argue C.compare (答案：A) 2.barely/beali/adv.几乎不 词义辨析： barely:强调程度上“刚好；勉强”，常带有“差点儿就不”的含义，如barely pass the exam(勉 强及格)。 hardly::侧重“几乎不；简直不”，语气比barely更强，常与can/could连用，如hardly see anything (几乎看不见)。 同义替换： hardly,scarcely 例句： He barely finished his homework before the deadline 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1单元测试） I could hear what the teacher said because the classroom was too noisy. A.barely B.clearly C.nearly :(答案：A) 3.delay/d'le/vi.&t.推迟，延期 词义辨析： delay:既可作动词也可作名词，指因各种原因“推迟；耽搁”，如delay doing sth.或cause a delay: postpone:仅作动词，语气更正式，指“有意识地延期”，如postpone the meeting to next week。 同义替换： postpone,put off 例句： The flight was delayed due to bad weather. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1期末复习题） We have to the sports meeting because of the heavy rain A.delay B.start C.attend (答案：A) 4.depressed/d'prest/adj.沮丧的，忧愁的 词义辨析： depressed:指因外界因素（如挫折、压力）导致情绪低落、沮丧，是形容词，如feel depressed。 sad:含义更广，泛指“难过的：悲伤的”，程度可轻可重，如sad news。 2 高中选修1北师大版 【同步精讲】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： sad,gloomy 例句： She has been depressed since she failed the exam 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1随堂练习） After hearing the bad news,he looked and didn't say a word. A.depressed B.excited C.relaxed (答案：A) 5.complain /kam'plem/vi.&t.抱怨：不满 词义辨析： complain:强调“向他人诉说不满”，后可接about/of,如complain about the service。 grumble::侧重“低声抱怨；嘟囔”，语气更含蓄，如grumble about the weather。 同义替换： grumble,moan 例句： Many students complain about the heavy homework load. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1同步测试） My mother often about the high prices of vegetables A.complains B.talks C.thinks(答案：A) 6.chase /tfers/vi.&t.努力赢得；n.追逐，追赶 词义辨析： chase:既可指“追逐；追赶”（如chase a cat),也可指“努力争取；追求”（如chase a dream)。 pursue:仅作动词，更正式，指“坚持不懈地追求目标”，如pursue knowledge。. 同义替换： pursue,run after 例句： He has been chasing his dream of becoming a doctor since childhood. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1单元练习） Dogs like to cats in the street. A.chase B.help C.feed(答案：A) 7.intense /m'tens/adj..紧张的，激烈的 词义辨析： intense:指“程度强烈的：紧张激烈的”，可形容情绪、竞争、疼痛等，如intense competition。 strong:泛指“强壮的：强烈的”，如strong wind或strong feelings。 同义替换： fierce,strong 3 高中选修1北师大版 【同步精讲】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 例句： The intense heat made everyone feel tired. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1期末测试） There was an debate between the two teams during the competition. A.intense B.easy C.boring (答案：A) 8.extraordinary/ik'str3:dnari/adj.令人惊奇的，异乎寻常的 词义辨析： extraordinary:指“非凡的：不寻常的”，强调超出一般水平，如extraordinary talent。. unusual:侧重“不常见的；独特的”，如unusual weather。 同义替换： unusual,remarkable 例句： She has an extraordinary ability to learn languages quickly. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1同步练习） The scientist made an discovery that changed the world. A.extraordinary B.ordinary C.simple (答案：A) 9.ude /ru:d/adj.无礼的 词义辨析： ude:指“举止粗鲁的：不礼貌的”，如ude behavior。 impolite:语气较弱，指“缺乏礼貌的”，如impolite to interrupt others。 同义替换： impolite,ill-mannered 例句： It's rude to talk loudly in the library. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1随堂测试）》 Don't be to your parents;you should respect them. A.rude B.kind C.helpful(答案：A) 10.chatter/'teta/vi.唠叨，喋喋不休 词义辨析： chatter:指“快速而无意义地闲聊；唠叨”，如chatter away about nothing。 chat:侧重“轻松愉快地聊天”，如chat with friends online。 同义替换： chat,gossip 例句： The girls chattered away about their favorite stars all afternoon 4 高中选修1北师大版 【同步精讲】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1单元练习） My little sister likes to about her school life when she gets home. A.chatter B.cry C.sleep （答案：A) ll.desperate/desparat/adj.拼命的；绝望的 词义辨析： desperate:指因绝望而“不顾一切的；拼命的”，如desperate for help(急需帮助)。 hopeless:.侧重“没有希望的；绝望的”，如a hopeless situation。. 同义替换： hopeless,frantic 例句： He made a desperate attempt to save the drowning child. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1期末复习题) The lost hiker was for water after walking in the desert for three days A.desperate B.careful C.patient(答案：A) 12.stimulation/.stmjo'len/n.刺激 词义辨析： stimulation:指“（生理或心理上的）刺激：激励”，如sensory stimulation。 excitement:指“兴奋：激动”，侧重情绪上的反应，如feel excitement。 同义替换： excitement,incentive 例句： The game provides mental stimulation for children 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1同步测试） The bright lights and loud music gave her a lot of A.stimulation B.sadness C.boredom (答案：A) l3.dominate/dommneit/vi.&t.主宰，支配 词义辨析： dominate:指“在某方面占主导地位；控制”，如dominate the market。 control:含义更广，指“控制；管理”，如control one's emotions。 同义替换： control,govern 例句： Technology companies dominate the modern economy. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1单元练习） The team has dominated the sport for the past ten years. A.controlled B.lost C.ignored (答案：A) 高中选修1北师大版 【同步精讲】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 l4.appointment/A'p3 ntment/n.约定；约会 词义辨析： appointment:指“正式的约定：约会”，如a doctor's appointment。 date:侧重“男女约会”或“非正式的约定”，如go on a date。 同义替换： date,meeting 例句： I have an appointment with my teacher at 3 p.m. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1随堂练习) Don't forget your with the dentist tomorrow morning. A.appointment B.party C.trip (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.She prefers to with people who share her interests rather than stay alone. A.associate B.argue C.compare 2.The student passed the exam,as he only got 61 points. A.barely B.clearly C.nearly 3.We have to the picnic because of the sudden rainstorm. A.delay B.start C.attend 4.After failing the interview,she looked and refused to talk to anyone. A.depressed B.excited C.relaxed 5.Many customers about the poor service in this restaurant A.complain 6 高中选修1北师大版 【同步精讲】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 B.talk C.think 6.The cat tried to the mouse across the kitchen floor A.chase B.help C.feed 7.There was an competition between the two teams for the championship. A.intense B.easy C.boring 8.Her memory allows her to remember all the details of the story. A.extraordinary B.ordinary C.simple 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.Itis (无礼的)to interrupt others while they are speaking. 2.The children (唠叨)about their new toys all the way home. 3.He was (绝望的)for water after being trapped in the desert for two days. 4.The bright colors and loud music provided (刺激)for the audience. 5.The company aims to()the market with its new product 6.I have an (约定)with the doctor at4p.m.tomorrow. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.She has been (depress)since her pet dog passed away. 2.The team (dominate)the game from the beginning to the end. 3.He (bare)finished his work before the office closed. 4.The teacher encouraged students to(associate)with classmates who have good learning habits. 5.The (stimulate)of new challenges helps improve creativity. 1 高中选修1北师大版 【同步精讲】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.他因天气恶劣推迟了旅行。 He because of the bad weather. 2.这位科学家做出了一项改变世界的非凡发现。 The scientist made an that changed the world. 3.她不喜欢和陌生人交往。 She doesn't like to strangers. 4.病人急需手术，医生们正在做准备。 The patient is surgery,and the doctors are preparing 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Lucy used to be a cheerful girl,but recently she has been feeling(1)_ (depress)because she failed her math exam.She refuses to (2)(associate)with her friends and often sits alone in the classroom.Her mother is worried and often (3)(complain)about her silence.Last week, Lucy missed an(4)(appointment)with her tutor because she overslept,which made her tutor angry. One day,Lucy's friend Lily noticed her change.Lily tried to talk to her and suggested they (5) (chase)their dream of joining the school drama club together.Lily said,"Don't be(6) (desperate).We can practice every day and improve our skills."With Lily's encouragement,Lucy slowly became more active.She started to(7)(socialise)with others again and even joined the drama club.Now,Lucy is no longer sad-she has found joy in acting and made many new friends. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.A2.A3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.rude 2.chattered 3.desperate 4.stimulation 5.dominate 6.appointment I.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.depressed 2.dominated 3.barely 4.associate 5.stimulation 8 高中选修1北师大版 【同步精讲】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 V.完成句子 1.delayed his trip 2.extraordinary discovery 3.associate with 4.desperate for V.语篇填空 1.depressed 2.associate 3.complains 4.appointment 5.chase 6.desperate 7.socialise 9