Unit 3 Conservation Lesson 2-2025-2026学年高中英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲选择性必修第一册（北师大版）

高中选修1北师大版 【环保专题】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 环保专题 【Unit3】Conservation Lesson2 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 packet/'pekt/n.小包，小盒 dirt/d3t/n.灰尘，尘土 bin /bin/n.垃圾箱 set out开始做某事，着手进行 swallow/'swplau/vi.&t.吞下，anxious/'ek∫3s/adj.焦虑的， packaging/paekid3/n.包装盒咽下 不安的 (瓶、袋)，包装材料 realistic./ri3'lstik/adj.现实的，reusable/ri:'ju:zabl/adj.可再 coconut/'kaukanAt/n.椰子 实际的 使用的，可重复使用的 consumer /kan'suma/n.消费 innovative/'mnavertrv/adj.新颖carton/'ka:tan/n.硬纸盒：塑料 者 的，创新的，革新的 盒 wasteful/weIstfol/adj.浪费的；refillable/,ri:'flbl/adj.可再填cutlery/'KAtlari/n.餐具 挥霍的 充的 chopsticks/tfopstiks/n.筷子 wra即ep/t.包，裹 aware/'we/adj.意识到的，明council/'kaonsl/n.委员会：理 shell /fel/n.壳：贝壳 白的 事会 transportation transpo:'teifn/ collection /k3'lekn/n.收集；收 n.交通运输系统，运输方式 藏品；专辑 词义辨析及同义替换 1. aware /a'wea/adj.意识到的，明白的 词义辨析： aware:侧重指通过感官或认知'意识到、察觉到某事物”，常用搭配be aware of sth.或be aware that从句。 conscious:强调'清醒的、有意识的”，指心理上”自觉的、刻意的”，如conscious effort(刻意的 努力)。 同义替换： conscious,mindful 例句： Most consumers are aware of the importance of reducing packaging waste. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1同步练习） 高中选修1北师大版 【环保专题】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 We should be of the environmental impact of plastic products in daily life. A.afraid B.aware C.sure (答案：B) 2.reusable/Iri:'ju:zabl/adj.可再使用的，可重复使用的 词义辨析： reusable::指物品”设计上可多次重复使用”，强调环保理念，如reusable bags(环保袋)。 refillable:侧重”可再填充的'，指容器用完后可重新注入内容物，如refillable bottles(可refill的 瓶子)。 同义替换： recyclable(注意：recyclable指”可回收的”，需区分)，reusable 例句： Using reusable chopsticks is a good way to reduce waste 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1单元检测） containers are better than single-use ones because they can be used many times. A.Refillable B.Reusable C.Disposable(答案：B) 3.collection3'lekn/n.收集：收藏品：专辑 词义辨析： collection:指’有计划、有组织的收集行为”或”收藏品”，也可指音乐/艺术”专辑”。 gathering:侧重”人群的聚集”或”非正式的收集”，如a family gathering(家庭聚会)。 同义替换： gathering,accumulation 例句： The school organized a collection of old books for children in rural areas. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1阅读理解改编） The museum's of ancient shells attracts many visitors every year. A.collection B.production C.invention (答案：A) 4.anxious/'ek∫es/adj.焦虑的，不安的 词义辨析： anxious:指因担心未来或不确定的事而'焦虑的、担忧的'，常用搭配be anxious about/for。 worried:含义更口语化，侧重”因具体问题而担忧”，语气稍弱，搭配be worried about。 同义替换： worried,concerned 例句： She felt anxious about the environmental pollution caused by packaging waste. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1完形填空） People are becoming more about the future of our planet due to waste problems A.anxious B.excited C.satisfied (答案：A) 2 高中选修1北师大版 【环保专题】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 5.set out开始做某事，着手进行 词义辨析： set out::强调”有明确目标地开始行动”，后接to do sth.,如set out to solve a problem。 set about:也表示”开始做”，但后接doing sth.,如set about cleaning the room。 同义替换： begin,start,embark on 例句： The government set out to improve the transportation system in rural areas. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1语法填空） They to collect reusable materials from the community last month. A.set out B.set up C.set off(答案：A) 6.wrap /raep/vt.包，裹 词义辨析： wma即：指”用纸张、布等将物品包裹起来”，强调动作，常用搭配wpin。 pack:侧重”将物品装入容器中”（如箱子、袋子），为运输或储存做准备，如pack clothes in a suitcase。 同义替换： cover,enclose 例句： Please wrap the gift in recyclable paper instead of plastic packaging. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1词汇运用） She the coconut in a piece of cloth to keep it fresh. A.packed B.wrapped C.filled(答案：B) 7.transportation/,traenspo:'te/n.交通运输系统，运输方式 词义辨析： transportation:美式英语，泛指？交通运输系统”或？运输方式”，为不可数名词。 transport:英式英语，除表示”运输”外，也可指”交通工具”，如public transport（公共交通)。 同义替换： transport,transit 例句： The city has developed an efficient public transportation system. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1书面表达） We should choose green like buses or bikes to reduce carbon emissions. A.transportation B.communication C.education(答案：A) 8.wasteful/weIstfol/adj.浪费的；挥霍的 高中选修1北师大版 【环保专题】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： wasteful:指'行为或习惯上浪费资源的”，强调不必要的消耗，如wasteful packaging(过度包装)。 waste:作形容词时仅用于名词前，如waste water(废水)，不作表语；作动词/名词更常用。 同义替换： profligate,extravagant 例句： Using too much packaging is wasteful and harmful to the environment 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1阅读理解） It is to throw away refillable containers after one use. A.useful B.wasteful C.realistic (答案：B) 9.realistic/i:a'lIstik/adj.现实的，实际的 词义辨析： realistic:指”符合实际情况的、务实的”，强调可行性，如realistic goals(切实的目标)。 practical:侧重”实用的、注重实际效果的”，如practical solutions(实用的解决办法)。 同义替换： practical,down-to-earth 例句： It's realistic to start with small changes,like using reusable cutlery. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1写作指导） We need to make a plan to reduce transportation costs for the project. A.realistic B.perfect C.creative(答、：A) l0.innovative/'navertiv/adj.新颖的，创新的，革新的 词义辨析： innovative: 指'引入新方法、新观念的”，强调”创新性”，如innovative design(创新设计)。 creative::侧重”富有创造力的'，指’产生新想法或艺术作品的能力”，如creative thinking（创造 性思维)。 同义替换： creative,original 例句： The company developed an innovative packaging material that is both eco-friendly and cheap 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1阅读理解） technologies are needed to solve the problem of plastic pollution. A.Traditional B.Innovative C.Simple (答案：B) 11.consumer /kan'sju:ma/n.消费者 高中选修1北师大版 【环保专题】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： consumer:指”购买并使用商品或服务的人”，强调经济行为中的”消费者”。 customer: 侧重”光顾商店、餐馆等的顾客”，与商家直接相关。 同义替换： customer,buyer 例句： Consumers should choose products with less packaging to protect the environment. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1完形填空） have the power to influence companies by choosing green products. A.Producers B.Consumers C.Workers(答案：B) 12.shell/小el/n.壳；贝壳 词义辨析： shl:指”动植物的外壳”（如贝壳、坚果壳）或”蛋壳”，也可指”炮弹壳”。 husk:特指’谷物、种子的外壳”（如稻壳、玉米壳），质地较干硬。 同义替换： husk,outer covering 例句： The children collected beautiful shells on the beach during the trip. 真题链接：（北师大版高中选修1词汇填空） The coconut's hard protects the soft inside. A.shell B.skin C.leaf (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.Many people areof the harm caused by single-use plastics to marine life. A.afraid B.aware C.sure 2.-bottles are more eco-friendly than plastic ones because they can be used repeatedly. A.Refillable B.Reusable C.Disposable 5 高中选修1北师大版 【环保专题】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 3.The local library organized a_of storybooks for children in remote villages. A.collection B.production C.invention 4.Students are becoming more_about the waste problem in their school cafeteria A.anxious B.excited C.satisfied 5.The teamto collect 500 kg of recyclable materials by the end of this month A.set out B.set up C.set off 6.Pleasethe gift in newspaper instead of plastic wrap to reduce waste A.packed B.wrapped C.filled 7.The city plans to improve its public-system to encourage more people to take buses A.transportation B.communication C.education 8.It is_to throw away half-eaten food when many people are still hungry. A.useful B.wasteful C.realistic 9.We need to make a-plan to cut down packaging waste in our daily life. A.realistic B.perfect C.creative 10.designs in packaging can help reduce the use of plastic materials. A.Traditional B.Innovative C.Simple 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.The museum has a large cof ancient coins and pottery. 6 高中选修1北师大版 【环保专题】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 2.C_should choose products with less packaging to protect the environment. 3.The hard s of the coconut can be made into handicrafts after being cleaned. 4.She felt a about the future of the planet due to serious pollution. 5.Using r bags instead of plastic ones is a simple way to go green. 6.The company developed an iway to turn agricultural waste into useful materials. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The school organized a book (collect)activity last week 2.It's important for everyone to be(mindful)of their daily waste. 3.She(wrap)the birthday present in recycled paper yesterday. 4.-(Consumer)have the power to change companies'behavior through their choices. 5.The government is trying to improve public-(transport)in rural areas. 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.我们应该意识到过度包装对环境的影响。 We should the environmental impact of excessive packaging. 2.这家公司着手研发可重复使用的包装材料。 The company__-reusable packaging materials. 3.消费者可以通过选择绿色产品来减少浪费。 -can reduce waste by choosing green products. 4.博物馆的贝壳收藏每年吸引成千上万的游客。 The museum's attracts thousands of visitors every year 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 7 高中选修1北师大版 【环保专题】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 Plastic pollution has become a global problem,making people more_(anxious/worried)about the future of the planet.To solve this,both companies and-(consumers/customers)need to take action Companies should develop(innovative/creative)technologies to produce eco-friendly packaging. For example,some have started using plant-based materials instead of plastic. Consumers,on the other hand,should change their habits.They can use-(reusable/recyclable)bags when shopping and avoid_(wasteful/waste)packaging.Schools can also play a role by organizing (collection/gathering)of old books and bottles for recycling. By working together,we can make a_(realistic/practical)difference to reduce plastic waste. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.B2B3.A4.A5.A6B7.A 8.B9.A10B Ⅱ，根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.collection 2.Consumers 3.shell 4.anxious 5.reusable 6.innovative I用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.collection 2.mindful 3.wrapped 4.Consumers 5.transport V.完成句子 1.be aware of 2.set out to develop 3.Consumers 4.collection of shells V.语篇填空 1.anxious 2.consumers 3.innovative 4.reusable 5.wasteful 6.collection 7realistic P