Unit 9 Section Ⅵ Grammar(2)-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（北师大版）

该高中英语课件聚焦主谓一致语法点，系统梳理语法一致、意义一致、就近原则三大核心内容。通过“回忆温故”结合时态实例引导学生关联已知，“观察知新”让学生自主分析关键主语，搭建从旧知到新知的学习支架。 其亮点在于以互动探究为核心，通过句子分析、实例辨析培养学生语言理解与表达能力，结合“巧学活用”练习提升思维品质和学习策略运用。教师可借助清晰框架高效教学，学生能在循序渐进中扎实掌握语法规则，提升语言运用能力。

UNIT 9　LEARNING 主题语境：人与自我——自主学习 Section Ⅵ　Grammar(2) 主谓一致 框架脉络 回忆温故　根据下面句子，总结需要考虑主谓一致的时态。 Whether we will go out for an outing tomorrow depends on the weather. Both rice and wheat grew well last year in Northern China. Many a student had passed the exam before they were allowed to leave. Tom，as well as the other students in his class，likes swimming. Every possible means has been used to prevent the air pollution. Not only Tom but also Mary and Jane are tired of doing the same thing every day. 小结：需要考虑主谓一致的时态包括：______________________________ ___________________________________。 感知语法 一般现在时、现在完成(进行)时、以及其他包含am/is/are/was/were的时态 观察知新　观察下面的句子，尝试写下决定谓语动词单复数形式的词语。 1．Persuading him to join us seems really hard. __________ 2．In the hotel，the bread and butter is served for breakfast. __________________ 3．There is more than one answer to this question. ___________________ 4．Every possible means has been used to prevent the air pollution. ____________ 5．The child's trousers have worn through at the knees. ________ 6．The number of students from the north is small. ___________ 7．The students who are studying in the library are very quiet. ___________ Persuading　 the bread and butter　 more than one answer Every means　 trousers　 The number　 The students 主谓一致即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致，主谓一致包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致；语法一致就是谓语动词要和主语单复数形式上保持一致；意义一致就是谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致；就近一致就是谓语动词要和靠近它的主语保持一致。 精讲语法 1.语法一致：主语和谓语要在语法形式上(单复数和人称)保持一致。 考点详解 例句 (1)主语单数，谓语单数。以单数名词、不可数名词、单数第三人称代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 注意　第一人称单数I am和第二人称单数You are是例外。 His brother is working on the farm.他弟弟在这家农场工作。 To study English well is not easy.学好英语不容易。 Whoever wants to join in the competition is asked to sign his name here.要参加比赛的人请在这里签名。 Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. 在阳光下读书伤害眼睛。 考点详解 例句 (2)主语复数，谓语复数。以复数名词、人称代词复数、and连接多个并列结构作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。 注意　如果and连接的两个部分表示单一概念时，谓语动词用单数。 They were in the classroom two hours ago. 他们两个小时前就在教室了。 The teenager and I were once classmates. 我和这个少年曾经是同学。 When he left and where he went are not important. 他何时走以及去哪儿都不重要。 My friend and guide, Wang Ping, was very understanding. 我的朋友兼导游王平非常善解人意。 考点详解 例句 (3) either，neither，each，every 或no＋单数名词和由some，any，no，every构成的复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词常用单数。 注意　others和the others的谓语用复数。 Each of us has a new book.我们每个人都有一本新书。 Nobody knows exactly what has happened. 没有人知道发生了什么。 Others have met similar problems. 其他人遇到过同样的问题。 考点详解 例句 (4) 在定语从句中，关系代词that，who, which等作主语时，其谓语动词应与关系词指代的先行词的数一致。 He is one of the students who are very diligent. 他是那些非常勤奋的学生之一。 He is the only one of my friends who is working hard. 他是我朋友当中唯一努力学习的。 (5)倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。 Above me was the clam surface of the sea. 我上面是平静的海面。 Gone are the days when we got together there happily. 我们在那儿快乐相聚的日子一去不复返了。 考点详解 例句 (6)由“a lot of，lots of，plenty of，the rest of，the majority of＋名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数＋名词”构成的短语作主语，其谓语动词形式要根据短语后面的名词的数而定。名词复数则谓语复数，名词单数或不可数，则谓语单数。 注意　A number of＋复数名词，谓语用复数；The number of＋复数名词，谓语用单数。A large amount/quantity of＋名词，谓语单数；Quantities/Amounts of＋名词，谓语复数。 The rest of the lecture is wonderful. 演讲的其余部分很好。 50% of the students in our class are girls. 我们班百分之五十的学生是女生。 A number of roads have been blocked by fallen trees. 一些道路被倒下的树堵住了。 The number of city dwellers is growing. 城市居民的数量日渐增长。 A large quantity of water is stored in the reservoir. 水库存了大量的水。 Large quantities of energy pass through a given ecosystem. 大量能量从某一生态系统通过。 考点详解 例句 (7)kind/form/type/sort/species/series＋of＋名词，作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于这些词的单复数。 All kinds of difficulties have to be overcome. 必须克服各种各样的困难。 All different forms of water such as tap water, mineral water, exist in either liquid, solid or gaseous form. 所有类型的水，如自来水，矿泉水，都以液体、固体或气体形式存在。 2．意义一致：谓语动词的单复数形式和主语在意义上保持一致。主语指复数意义，谓语用复数；主语指单数概念，谓语用单数。 考点详解 例句 (1)what, who, which以及all, some, any, more，most ，the rest, half等作主语时，可以是单数，也可是复数，主要靠其指代的意义来决定。 All of these processes are a form of natural evolution. 所有这些过程都是自然进化的一种形式。 All here is going on very well. 这里一切进展非常顺利。 Which is the largest city in the world ? 世界上最大的城市是哪个？ Which are the books you have brought from your home? 哪些是你从家里带来的书？ 考点详解 例句 (2)表示“时间、重量、长度、价值”等的名词的复数作主语时，在概念上是一个整体，谓语动词通常用单数形式。 Thirty minutes is enough for the work. 这个工作有三十分钟足够了。 Ten miles is too long. 十英里太远了。 (3)若主语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式，在概念上是一个整体，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。 “The Arabian Nights” is an interesting storybook. 《一千零一夜》是一本有趣的故事书。 考点详解 例句 (4) 集体名词作主语时，根据意义，若强调整体，则谓语动词用单数；若强调个体，则谓语动词用复数。如：family, class, team, group, public, committee, government, audience等。 My family are football fans. 我的家人都是足球迷。 She says her family does not eat at restaurants as much as they used to. 她说，她家不像以前那样经常到饭店吃饭了。 考点详解 例句 (5) 单复数同形的名词，如：deer, sheep, fish, means, works, Chinese等作主语时，要视其意义来决定谓语动词的单复数形式。   Every possible means has been used to prevent the air pollution. 为了防止大气污染，每一种方法都试过了。 With relatively modest resources, the means are available to save millions of lives. 鉴于相对有限的资源，这些方式可以拯救千百万人的生命。 考点详解 例句 (6)“the＋形容词/过去分词”表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式；如“the＋形容词/过去分词”指一个人或表示一种抽象概念或品质时，谓语动词用单数形式。 All the wounded were saved by the villagers at last. 最后，伤员们被村民们救起。 The wounded in the accident was a policeman. 这次事故的受伤者是一名警察。 考点详解 例句 (7)一些学科名词是以 -ics 结尾，如：mathematics，politics，physics 以及news, works等，形式上是复数，实际意义为单数名词，它们作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。 The news about his arrival was very surprising. 他来的消息令人吃惊。 I think physics isn't easy to learn. 我觉得物理不好学。 (8)trousers, glasses, clothes, shoes，jeans 等词作主语时，都是复数意义，谓语用复数，但如果这些名词前有a(the) pair of等量词修饰时，谓语动词用单数。 My glasses are broken. 我的眼镜破了。 The pair of shoes under the bed is his. 床下的那双鞋是他的。 3．就近原则：谓语动词的单复数形式与最靠近谓语的主语保持一致。 考点详解 例句 (1) 当两个主语由either ... or, neither ... nor，whether ... or...，not only ... but also连接时，谓语动词和邻近的主语一致。 Either the teacher or the students are our friends. 老师和学生们都是我们的朋友。 Neither they nor he is wholly right. 他们和他都不是完全对。 (2) Here倒装句和there be倒装句型中，谓语动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语，则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。 There are two chairs and a desk in the room. 房间里有一张桌子、两把椅子。 Here is a map and some tools for you. 这是给你的一张地图和一些工具。 点津 (1)名词作主语时，影响谓语的仅指中心词，不包括主语的修饰成分。修饰成分中包含的单数或复数名词不影响谓语动词形式。如with，together with，except，but，like，as well as，rather than，more than，no less than, besides，including等短语。 Mr. Green，together with his wife and children，has come to China. 格林先生，带着妻子和孩子们，来中国了。 Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground.除了吉姆和迈克，操场上没人了。 She，like you and Tom，is very tall. 她和你以及汤姆一样，个子都很高。 (2)“Each/every/no＋单数名词＋and＋单数名词，each ... and each ..., every ... and every...，many a＋单数名词”，这几个词组中，谓语动词要用单数形式。 Each boy and each girl wants to serve the people in the future. 每个男孩和女孩都想在未来为人民服务。 Every man and every woman is at work. 每个男人和女人都在工作。 Every action and movement in Beijing Opera is important.京剧中每一个动作和姿势都很重要。 Many a good man has been destroyed by drink. 许多好人都毁在了饮酒上。 (3)就近原则在肯定句和否定句中适用，在疑问句同样适用。 Has not only he but also his friends been to New York ? 不仅他，还有他朋友们也去纽约了吗？ Are either you or I going to type the letter of recommendation? 要么是你，要么是我，将要把这封推荐信打出来吗？ 巧学活用1——单句语法填空 ①There ______ (stand) a girl, two boys and two old men in the square. ②Either you or one of your students __ (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. ③Listening to loud music at rock concerts __________ (cause) hearing loss in some teenagers over the past few years. ④Now the teacher together with the students ____________ (discuss) Reading Skills published in America. ⑤They grew up in western Yunnan Province near the Langcang River, the Chinese part of the river that ___ (be) called the Mekong River in other countries. stands　 is　 has caused　 is discussing　 is 巧学活用2 ——根据所给汉语，补全下列句子。 ①Either I or they ________________(要去工作) in Tibet next year. ② And our porters carry your luggage, _____________ (这意味着)that you can simply enjoy the experience. ③ _____________________(无人确切知道) how many species of plants and animals there are on Earth. ④The number of acupuncture points ____________________ (和……一样)the number of days in a year. ⑤About two thirds of the Earth's surface _____________________(被海洋覆盖) which are home to millions of species of plants and animals. are going to work　 which means　 Nobody knows exactly was/is the same as　 is covered by the seas 谢 谢 观 看 UNIT 9　LEARNING 返回 $