Unit 5 Section Ⅴ Lesson 3-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（北师大版）

UNIT 5　 HUMANS AND NATURE Section Ⅴ　Lesson 3 内容索引 语基讲练　提能力 4 语篇研读　细梳理 1 语篇助解　释疑难 2 语基自查　固根基 3 课时测评 5 语篇研读　细梳理 返回 Step One：Pre-reading Look at the pictures.Have a discussion over what difficulties explorers may face on the way to Antarctica. _______________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Traveling to Antarctica is a big adventure.The journey is full of challenges.The freezing cold makes it hard for people to move.Strong winds push against them，making it tough to pull the sledges.Sometimes，the sledges broke down，causing delays.In the darkness，it’s easy to get lost.The extreme snow conditions also lead to diseases as the body suffers.Many explorers had difficulty walking on icy surfaces. Step Two：While-reading √ Ⅰ.Read for the main idea What is the main theme of the passage？ A．The importance of preparation in polar exploration. B．The race to the South Pole between Scott and Amundsen. C．The harsh conditions of Antarctica. D．The bravery and sacrifice of the explorers. Ⅱ.Match the main ideas for each part 　 A．Both teams made preparations at food bases. D．The race to the South Pole began. E．Amundsen reached the South Pole earlier than Scott. B．Amundsen set off first and made rapid progress while Scott had great trouble. C．Scott and his men were regarded as heroes for their courage. F．Return journey was worse for Scott and disasters struck his team. Ⅲ.Read for details 1．What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us？ A．The preparation for the journey during the polar summer. B．The race to the South Pole and the different methods used by both teams. C．The return journey of Amundsen's team. D．The difficulties Scott faced on his way to the Pole. √ 2．Based on the passage，which of the following can be inferred about Amundsen's team？ A．They had a difficult time on their return journey. B．They were well-prepared and had a successful expedition. C．They collected rock samples on their way back. D．They faced the same equipment problems as Scott's team. √ 3．What can be inferred about the significance of the rocks collected by Scott's team？ A．They were used to build shelters during the journey. B．They were of no scientific value. C．They were heavy and slowed the team down. D．They provided evidence of Antarctica's past environment. √ 4．What did Scott write in his diary upon reaching the Pole？ A．He was happy to have reached the Pole. B．He was shocked to see the Norwegian flag. C．He was confident about the return journey. D．He was disappointed with the race results. √ Ⅰ.难句解构 1．While he was on the way to Antarctica，he received a message from the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen which said he was going south，too. 分析　这是一个主从复合句，句子主干为____________________。While引导时间状语从句，which引导定语从句，修饰a message。 翻译　__________________________________________________________ ____________________ Step Three：Post-reading he received a message 在去往南极洲的途中，他收到了挪威探险家罗尔德·阿蒙森的消 息，说他也要去南极。 2．...We knew that poor Oates was walking to his death，but though we tried to dissuade him，we knew it was the act of a brave man and an English gentleman. 分析　这是一个but连接的并列复合句，前后分句的主干分别为_________________________。that引导宾语从句。在but后的分句中，though引导让步状语从句。 翻译　__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ We knew that...；we knew... ……我们都知道，可怜的奥茨正走向死亡，尽管我们也曾试图劝阻他，但我们都明白，这是一个勇敢的人和一个英国绅士的行为。 3．The next to go was Captain Oates，who was having great difficulty walking. 分析　这是一个主从复合句，句子主干为__________________________ ______。who引导非限制性定语从句。 翻译　___________________________________________ The next to go was Captain 下一个去世的是奥茨船长，他走路都很困难。 Oates Ⅱ.佳句仿写 1．教材佳句　The return journey was one of the worst in the history of exploration.( one of＋复数名词或最高级结构) 学后仿写　高中最受欢迎的科目之一是数学，因为许多学生觉得它既具有挑战性又有回报。 ___________________________ in high school is math because many students find it challenging yet rewarding. One of the most popular subjects 2．教材佳句　...Captain Scott left a record，for honesty，for sincerity，for bravery，for everything that makes a man.(人物描写) 学后仿写　我觉得在建立朋友之间的信任这一方面，诚实、真诚和勇敢至关重要。 I think it is honesty，_________________________________________ in building trust between friends. sincerity and bravery that are of great importance Ⅲ.课文开发(黑体部分和填空内容均为课表词汇或课文重要表达) The journey to the South Pole was a great exploration that 1．________ ________________ (需要很多准备工作).Two teams were in the race to the pole，each with the ambition to be the first.The teams set up 2．_________ ___________________________(他们储存补给的基地).However，one team 3．_______________(食物耗尽)and they grew more and more anxious，fearing what might happen next.As they continued their distant journey，the weather became worse，and their two sledges broke down.But despite the challenges，the team remained cheerful and 4．_____________________ ____________________(表现出极大的勇气、真诚和诚实) in their efforts. required a base ran out of food showed great bravery，sincerity，and honesty much preparation where they stored supplies Finally both teams arrived at the pole.Unfortunately，however，one team had serious difficulty on their way back.They camped in a small tent each night，hoping for better conditions.It was their leader’s strong will and determination that kept them going.They wanted to prove that their spirit 5．____________ __________(像冰一样坚硬) they walked on.Although the team members failed to return to their food bases，but their great courage shown in the journey made them heroes. was as solid 返回 as the ice 语篇助解　释疑难 返回 ①captain/'kæptɪn/n.上校；队长；组长 ②on the way to...在去……的途中 原文呈现 名师圈点 RACE TO THE POLE On 1 June，1910，Captain① Robert Falcon Scott left London to begin his journey to Antarctica. While he was on the way to② Antarctica，he received a message from the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen which said he was going south，too.Then the race to the South Pole began! ③polar /'pəʊlə/ adj.极地 的，地极的 ④food bases食品储备处base/beɪs/n.基地，大本 营；基础 vt.以……为基地 ⑤in preparation for为……做准备 ⑥wait anxiously for 焦急地等待 anxiously/'æ kʃəsli/adv.焦虑地；不安地 原文呈现 名师圈点 During the polar③ summer of 1910－1911，both teams organised food bases④ in preparation for⑤ their journeys the next year.Then came the total darkness of the polar winter. [1] Scott and Amundsen waited anxiously for⑥ spring. [1]本句为副词Then置于句首引起的完全倒装句。正常语序为“The total darkness of the polar winter came then”。 ⑦ski/skiː/n.滑雪板vi.滑雪skiing n．滑雪运动 ⑧make rapid progress 取得迅速的进展 ⑨break down停止运转，出故障 原文呈现 名师圈点 Amundsen was the first to leave on 8 September，1911 . [2]He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges [3] and all his men were on skis⑦.Because of this，he made rapid progress⑧. Scott left on 1 November and soon had problems.First，his two sledges broke down⑨ and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.After a while，Scott and his men had to push the sledges themselves. [2]本句包含“the＋序数词＋动词不定式”结构，to leave作后置定语，修饰数词the first。 [3]画线部分是“have...doing sth”结构。意为“使……一直做某事”。 ⑩prepare for the return journey准备返程 ahead of 早于…… 原文呈现 名师圈点 Amundsen reached the Pole on 14 December，1911 and put a Norwegian flag there.Then he prepared for the return journey⑩.Amundsen and his team arrived safely back to their starting base on 25 January，1912，ten days ahead of their planned schedule. ambition/æm'bɪʃən/n.抱负，雄心；追求，夙愿 原文呈现 名师圈点 Scott finally arrived at the Pole with four team members on 17 January，1912.They were shocked when they saw the Norwegian flag.Scott wrote in his diary： “Well，we have turned our back now on the goal of our ambition and must face our 800 miles of solid dragging — and good-bye to most of the daydreams [4].” [4]画线部分中dragging指的是上文提到的“push the sledges themselves”，此处用solid dragging表示返程的艰难。 in the history of...在……的历史上 tired adj.疲倦的，疲劳的，困倦的 weather conditions天气情况condition n．(尤指对人产生影响的某一特定时间的)天气情况 原文呈现 名师圈点 The return journey was one of the worst in the history of  exploration.The men were soon very tired and were running out of food.The weather conditions were terrible.Scott started to realise their hopeless situation： cheerful/'tʃɪəfəl/adj.高兴的，兴高采烈的 原文呈现 名师圈点 “...we are unendingly cheerful ，but what each man feels in his heart I can only guess. [5]Pulling on foot gear in the morning is getting slower and slower...”[6] [5]句中what引导的宾语从句作guess的宾语。正常语序应该为“I can only guess what each man feels in his heart”。 [6]本句中动词-ing形式短语Pulling on foot gear 作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。 all the way 一路上，自始至终 prove/pruːv/vt.证明；证实 at one time曾经有一个时期，一度 at a time每次 in the distant past很久以前，遥远的过去 distant/'dɪstənt/adj.久远的；遥远的 continent/'kɒntɪnənt/n.洲，大 洲；大陆 原文呈现 名师圈点 However，on their way back they found time to look for rocks.They carried twenty kilos of rocks all the way with them.Later，these rocks proved that at one time in the distant past，the continent of Antarctica was covered by plants. have difficulty (in) doing sth做某事有困难 have difficulty with...在……方面有困难 原文呈现 名师圈点 Then disaster came.Edgar Evans had a terrible disease and died after a bad fall.The next to go [7] was Captain Oates，who was having great difficulty walking.Scott recorded his death： [7]动词不定式to go作后置定语，修饰The next。这里的The next to go意为“下一个去世的人”。 meet the end 达到终点 原文呈现 名师圈点 “He said，‘ I am just going outside and may be some time.’ [8]...We knew that poor Oates was walking to his death，but though we tried to dissuade him，we knew it was the act of a brave man and an English gentleman. We all hope to meet the end  with a similar spirit，and assuredly the end is not far. [9]” [8]这句话是奥茨和队友的告别。面对死亡，他只是说“我只是出去走走，可能要待上一会儿”。这说明了他的勇敢。 [9]这句话表达了人们对奥茨选择的死亡方式的认可，也预示着死亡正在逼近每个人。 carry on继续移动 tent/tent/n.帐篷 put up/take down a tent搭/ 拆帐篷 price在此意为“代 价” 原文呈现 名师圈点 Scott and two of his team members carried on and got within eleven miles of one of their food bases. But then a terrible storm started and they could not leave their tent.Scott spent some of his last hours writing.He wrote a letter full of sadness to his wife Kathleen： “What lots and lots I could tell you of this journey...What tales you would have for the boys.But what a price  to pay [10].” [10]画线部分what a price to pay表达了Scott 的伤感和无奈之情。 honesty/'ɒnəsti/n. 坦诚；诚实，正直 honest adj.坦诚的；诚实的，正直的 sincerity/sɪn'serəti/ n.真诚，真挚，诚实 sincere adj.真诚的，诚挚的；诚实的 bravery /'breɪvəri/ n.勇气；勇敢的行为 原文呈现 名师圈点 Scott's diary also told the story of their end： “...we are getting weaker，of course，and the end cannot be far.It seems a pity，but I do not think I can write more . ”[11] The news of Scott's death shocked the world.Even Amundsen was moved by Scott's death saying “Captain Scott left a record，for honesty，for sincerity，for bravery，for everything that makes a man”．Scott had failed to win the race to the Pole，but the great courage shown by Scott and his men [12]made them heroes. [11]这句话预示了Scott和他的队友们最后死亡的结局。 [12]画线部分是动词-ed形式短语作后置定语，修饰名词短语the great courage。 冲向极点竞赛 1910年6月1日，罗伯特·福尔肯·斯科特上校离开了伦敦，开始他的南极之旅。在去往南极洲的途中，他收到了挪威探险家罗尔德·阿蒙森的消息，说他也要去南极。于是，一场南极探险比赛开始了！ 在1910－1911年的极地夏季期间，两支队伍都为来年的探险建了食品储备处。之后，完全漆黑的极地冬天来临了，斯科特和阿蒙森都在焦急地等待春天的到来。 1911年9月8日，阿蒙森率先出发。他让几队狗一直拉着雪橇，他和所有人都坐滑雪板前行。因此，他进展很快。11月1日，斯科特出发，不久就遇到了麻烦。先是他的两辆雪橇坏了，后来马匹开始在大雪和严寒的天气下出现严重问题。没过多久，斯科特和他的队员不得不自己推着雪橇前行。 译文参考 1911年12月14日，阿蒙森到达南极，在那里插上了挪威的国旗，然后他准备返回。1912年1月25日，阿蒙森和他的队伍安全返回了出发基地，比他们的原计划提前了10天。 1912年1月17日，斯科特和四名队员最终抵达南极。他们看到挪威的国旗时，深感震惊。斯科特在他的日记中写道： “好吧，我们现在已经失去了雄伟的目标，而且还得面对800英里的艰苦路途——并且要跟我们大多数人的白日梦告别。” 此次返程堪称探险史上最艰难的返程之一。队员们很快就精疲力竭，食物也快吃完了。天气情况也很恶劣。斯科特开始意识到他们所处的绝望的处境： “……我们(看上去)都很高兴，但每个人心里是什么感受我却只能猜测。大家早上鞋袜穿得越来越慢了……” 然而，返程途中，他们还花时间找岩石，一路带着20公斤的岩石行进。后来，通过这些石块可以证实，在遥远的过去，南极洲曾经被植被覆盖。 之后，灾难来袭。埃德加·埃文斯得了重病，在一次重重地跌倒后去世了。下一个去世的是奥茨船长，他走路都很困难。斯科特记录了他的死亡： “他说，‘我只是出去(走走)，可能要待上一会儿。’……我们都知道，可怜的奥茨正走向死亡，尽管我们也曾试图劝阻他，但我们都明白，这是一个勇敢的人和一个英国绅士的行为。我们都希望能以同样的精神挺到最后，我们也确实快走到最后了。” 斯科特上校和两名队员继续向前，到达距离食品储备处不足11英里的地方。但是，接着一场可怕的暴风雪袭来，他们完全不能离开帐篷。在他生命的最后几个小时，斯科特花时间写下一些文字。他给妻子凯瑟琳写了一封充满悲伤的信： “我有好多好多关于这次旅行的事情要告诉你……你将会有多棒的故事可以讲给儿子听。但这付出了多大的代价啊。” 斯科特的日记也讲述了他们的结局： “……我们越来越虚弱，当然，死亡不会远了。很遗憾，但我想我无法继续写下去了。” 斯科特去世的消息震惊了全世界。甚至阿蒙森也为斯科特的离世而打动，他说：“斯科特上校将永载史册，因为他诚实、真诚、勇敢，并拥有一个男人该有的一切。”斯科特没能赢得南极探险的比赛，但斯科特和他的队员们表现出的巨大勇气使他们成为了英雄。 返回 语基自查　固根基 返回 Ⅰ.阅读单词——识记 1．a brave explorer ________________ 2．sledge races　 ________________ 3．a pair of skis　 ________________ 4．the captain of a ship　 ________________ 5．the polar regions　 ________________ 6．the seven continents　 ________________ 7．dissuade someone from doing something ________________ 8．a tent pole ________________ 9．a letter of sincerity ________________ 勇敢的探险家 雪橇比赛 一副滑雪板 船长 极区 七大洲 劝阻某人做某事 帐篷杆 充满真诚的信件 Ⅱ.核心单词——练通 1．__________________ 诚实的价值 2．__________________ 心情愉快 3．________________ 太空探索 4．________________ 硬物 5．________________ 有抱负 6．________________ 焦急地等待 7．__________________ 行动基地 8．________________ 为……做准备 the value of honesty in a cheerful mood space exploration a solid object to have ambition to wait anxiously a base of operations in preparation for Ⅲ.拓展词汇——用活 1．act with ________ 以诚实行事 →an ________ answer 诚实的答案 2．________ soldiers 勇敢的士兵 →outstanding ________ 杰出的勇气 3．________ gratitude 诚挚的感谢 →show ________ 显示诚意 →_________ thank you 真诚地感谢你 honesty honest brave bravery sincere sincerity sincerely 4．________ true 基本上正确 →________ on facts 基于事实 →________ skills 基本技能 →scientific ________ 科学基础 5．set __________ goals 设定雄心勃勃的目标 →lifelong ________ 终生的抱负 6．water ________ 防水 →________ useful 证明有用 7．________ future 遥远的未来 →bridge the ________ 消除隔阂 8．________ up 振作起来 →feel ________ 感到高兴 basically based basic bases ambitious ambition proof prove distant distance cheer cheerful Ⅳ.重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．________________ 在去……的路上 2．__________________ 为……做准备 3．________________ 停止运转，出故障 4．____________________ 在……方面有困难 第二组　英译汉 5．ahead of... ____________________________________ 6．all the way __________________ 7．at one time ______________________ 8．carry on ________________ on the way to in preparation for... break down have difficulties with... (时间、空间)在……前面；早于；领先 一路上，自始至终 曾经有一个时期，一度 继续；继续移动 Ⅴ.典型句式——默背 1．Pulling on foot gear in the morning is ________________________(变得越来越慢了。比较级＋and＋比较级)... 2．Amundsen was ________________ (率先出发。the＋序数词＋动词不定式) on 8 September，1911. 3．He ________________________________ (让那几队狗一直拉着雪橇。have sb/sth doing sth) and all his men were on skis. getting slower and slower the first to leave had teams of dogs pulling the sledges 返回 语基讲练　提能力 返回 Ⅰ. 核心词汇练全 preparation n．预备，准备(prepare v．使做好准备；把……预备好prepared adj.准备好的) in preparation (for...) 在准备(……)中　　 make preparations for... 为……做准备 prepare to do sth 准备做某事 prepare sb for sth 使某人为某事做准备 get/be prepared for/to do sth 为某事做好准备；准备做某事　　 归 纳 1 (1)She felt __________ (prepare) to hike in the mountains after checking the weather and packing her supplies. (2)They are working hard in ____________ (prepare) for the environmental conference at the end of the month. (3)中国元素　Before the Chinese New Year，families __________________ _______________________________(忙着为这个重大庆祝做准备)，including cleaning the house，decorating with red lanterns，and preparing traditional dishes. (4)(写作佳句之节日庆祝)为了庆祝端午节，我们做了充分的准备，举办了各种各样的活动来纪念屈原。 In order to celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival，we ______________________ ______________________ in memory of Qu Yuan. prepared preparation are busy making preparations for the great celebration have made full preparations and held various activities 归 纳 base n．基地，大本营；基础 vt.以……为基地(basis n．基础；基准 basic adj.基本的；基础的) base...on/upon... 把……建立在……基础之上 be based on/upon 以……为基础；依据…… on the basis of... 根据……；在……的基础上　　 2 (1) Many environmental policies are ________ (base) on scientific research. (2)Understanding ________ (base) plants and animals can help us protect nature. (3)中国元素　Traditional Chinese medicine ___________________ (建立在这种理念之上)in balancing the body’s energy，or qi，to promote health. (4)(写作佳句之提出建议)根据对各种学习方式的调查，在线学习汉语对外国学习者来说确实是一种很好的方式。 ______________________________________，learning Chinese online is really a great way for foreign learners. based basic is based on the belief Based on a survey of various learning styles 归 纳 break down 停止运转，出故障 break up　 打碎；散开，解散；结束；(关系等)破裂 break away(from sb/sth) 摆脱；(从……中)脱离 break into 破门而入；强行闯入；突然开始(＋名词) break out (战争、火灾等不愉快事件)爆发； 突然开始(＋doing) break down 精神或情绪崩溃；失控痛哭　　 3 (1)用break词组的合适形式完成下面语段 One day，a storm ___________ while Steve was hiking in the mountains.To find shelter，he had to ___________ an abandoned wooden house.Actually，Steve loved his city life but wished sometimes he could ___________ from it and connect more with nature.After the storm，the clouds _________ and a beautiful rainbow appeared.Unfortunately，however，he found his car ___________ and wouldn’t work no matter how hard he tried. (2)(写作佳句之情绪描写)她再也忍不住她的眼泪，在她的朋友面前崩溃了。 She couldn’t hold back her tears any longer，__________________________ ________ . broke out break into break away broke up broke down breaking down in front of her friends 归 纳 ambition n．抱负，雄心；追求，夙愿(ambitious adj.有抱负的，有野心的，雄心勃勃的) be full of ambition 雄心勃勃 achieve/realize one's ambition 实现某人的夙愿/抱负；如愿以偿 an ambition to do sth/of doing sth 做某事的追求/理想/抱负 be ambitious for/to do sth 一心想做某事　　 4 (1)Many people are __________ (ambition) to create a cleaner environment for future generations. (2)_____________________________(他当老师的理想抱负) is likely to be realized in the near future. (3) After years of hard work，she finally _____________________________ __________________________ (实现了她要成为一个成功律师的梦想). (4)(写作佳句之沟通交流)当我跟老师说我的理想是当一个作家时，老师满意地点点头，鼓励我为梦想奋斗。 When I told my teacher that ______________________________，the teacher nodded with satisfaction and encouraged me to ____________________. ambitious His ambition to work as a teacher achieved/realized her ambition of becoming a successful lawyer my ambition was to be a writer fight for my ambition 归 纳 prove vt.证明；证实 (proof n．证据) prove sth to sb 　　 向某人证明某事 prove (to sb) that... (向某人)证明…… prove sb/sth/oneself (to be)＋名词/形容词 证明某人/某事/自己是…… It is proved that... 据证明…… prove to be... 证明是/结果是…… there is (no) proof that... (没)有证据表明……　　 5 (1)Many studies are designed ________ (prove) that spending time in nature makes us happier. (2)________ (prove) that animals feel emotions is important for understanding their needs. (3) The new park designs _________________(证明是有用的)for the birds and butterflies in the city. (4) (写作佳句之环保话题)事实证明，他们所采取的保护野生动植物的措施是有效的。 ________________________ the measures they took to protect wildlife are effective. 温馨提示　本条用法中prove为连系动词，不用于被动语态，后常接形容词、名词作表语。 to prove Proving prove to be helpful It has been/is proved that 归 纳 distant adj.久远的；遥远的[distance n．距离；间距；(空间的)遥远] be distant from　 离……远；与……相去甚远 within walking distance 在步行可及的距离之内 in the distance 在远处 at a distance (of) 在……远的地方；距离稍远 keep sb at a distance 与某人保持一定距离　　 6 (1)She walked a long ________ (distant) to reach the river and enjoy its peaceful sound. (2)It seems that the school life in senior high is __________________________ ____________(跟他的初中生活相去甚远). (3)She watched her son ______________________ (消失在远处)，with tears in her eyes. (4)(写作佳句之环境描写)群山与山谷相距甚远，使它们显得更加美丽。 The mountains __________________________，making them seem even more beautiful. distance distant from that of his junior disappear in the distance looked distant from the valley high school Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 句型公式：完全倒装 (教材原句)Then came the total darkness of the polar winter. 之后，完全漆黑的极地冬天来了。 1 归 纳 本句为完全倒装句，副词Then置于句首。正常语序为：The total darkness of the polar winter came then. 当here，there，now，then，in，out，up，down，off，away等表示地点、时间和方位的副词置于句首，谓语动词是be，come，go，lie，stand等，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装结构(即谓语移至主语之前)。其中谓语多用一般现在时或者一般过去时。 介词短语作地点状语或者表语置于句首时，也要用完全倒装结构。 需要注意，若主语是代词，句子不适用倒装结构。　　 (1)__________________________(有一大片稻田)in front of our village. (2)________________________(这里有一些建议)that I think will be helpful to you. (3)中国元素 When we Chinese need help in a foreign land，_____________ ________________________(在我们身后站着我们强大的祖国). (4)(写作佳句之城市介绍)这就是我们这座充满活力的城市，只要您方便，随时欢迎来参观。 ____________________，which you are welcome to visit whenever at your convenience. There lies a large field of rice Here are some suggestions at our back Such is our lively city stands a strong motherland 句型公式：have＋宾语＋宾语补足语 (教材原句)He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis. 他让几队狗一直拉着雪橇，他和所有人都坐滑雪板前行。 2 归 纳 had teams of dogs pulling the sledges是“have＋宾语＋动词-ing形式(短语)”构成的have复合结构，意为“让/使/某人/某物一直做某事”。该结构若用于否定句中时，意为“不允许某人做某事”。 have sb do sth让某人做某事，have后跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，类似用法的动词还有：feel，hear，listen to，make，let，see，watch，notice，observe，look at，help(可以加to，也可以不加to)。 have sth done 表示“让(别人或专业人士)做某事；使某事被做；主语遭受到(不幸的事情)”，宾语与宾语补足语之间是被动关系，也可以说get sth done。　 (1)He was very funny and ________________________(使我们一路上都在笑). (2)He is going to _____________________________(把那颗坏牙齿拔掉). (3)Don’t you like to _____________________ (有人告诉你)if the pants look good or not？ (4)(写作佳句之人物描写) 在她的教练彼得的帮助下，她脑海里一直有一个伟大的想法。 With the help of her coach Peter，she ________________________________. had us laughing all the way have/get the bad tooth pulled out have somebody tell you had a great thought running in her mind 返回 课时测评 返回 Ⅰ.用所给单词的正确形式填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 1．The ____________ (prepare) for the software launch took a lot of time and effort from the team. 2．This app is ________ (base) on user-friendly designs to make it easy for everyone to use. 3．She waited __________ (anxious) for her computer to be fixed before her online exam started. 4．The web ________ (explore) allows users to find new websites and information easily. 5．He is __________ (ambition) about becoming a software developer and learning new coding languages. preparation based anxiously explorer ambitious 6．The ________ (solid) of the new database system ensures that data will not be lost. 7．The ________ (cheer) desktop wallpaper made John feel happy while he worked. 8．There are many ________ (distance) servers connected to the cloud that store our data. 9．________ (honest) is important when writing code，as it helps prevent security issues. 10．It takes ________ (brave) to try new technology even if you are unsure how to use it. solidity cheerful distant Honesty bravery Ⅱ.根据提示完成句子(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分) 1．当树叶从树上落下时，它们分解并成为土壤的一部分。(break down) When the leaves fell from the trees，they ______________________________ _____. 2．我们镇上的新公园被证明是全家享受大自然的好地方。(prove) The new park in our town __________________________________________ ______. 3．有些人很难理解保护环境的重要性。(have difficulty in) Some people _____________________________________________________ ____________. broke down and became part of the soil proved to be a great place for families to enjoy nature have difficulty in understanding the importance of protecting the environment 4．大雨过后，灿烂的阳光让花儿绽放。(完全倒装句) After the heavy rain，__________________________ that made the flowers bloom. 5．我们需要为今年春天在我们社区植树做准备。(preparation) We need to ________________________________________________ this spring. then came the bright sunshine make preparations for planting trees in our neighborhood Ⅲ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A (2024·广东东莞高一期末) Rainwater in cities causes more troubles than wet feet.It carries away waste from rooftops and streets as it washes through cities.European scientists are now trying to work out how to deal with flooding rainwater. In the city of Wetteren，Belgium，researchers are experimenting with seashells(贝壳).Millions of shells from the nearby North Sea are used to collect and treat rainwater from a shopping mall roof and a parking lot.The shells are laid below a surface drain(下水道) through which dirty water is carried away.With a 70% empty space that allows them to store rainwater，they're also a natural cleaning station，which is then used to water community gardens. The experiment is part of a project called StopUP whose goal is to prevent rainwater from carrying pollutants(污染物) into lakes and rivers.The project's focus is to make sure that such wastewater，which can include everything from plastics to heavy metals，gets treated. Thomas Jeffery，head of the College of Environmental Engineering in Germany，said a big knowledge gap can exist between the popular perception of rainwater and its true content.“Rainwater seems to be very clean，but when it washes the streets and roofs，it becomes full of dust and other harmful pollutants，” said Thomas. In Europe，38% of surface waterbodies have different forms of pollutants，which run deep in the ground and damage soils，plants and animals，according to Julie Rosalie，director of the European Environment Agency.Human health depends on clean water for drinking，bathing and cooking，and now we are at risk because plants and animals are affected by chemicals in rivers，lakes and coastal waters. “StopUP technologies and methods could provide tools to reduce rainwater pollution，” Rosalie said.“It has a positive effect on the quality of our common environment.” 语篇解读　 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了欧洲科学家通过贝壳来清理被污染的雨水的事情。 1．What are the seashells in the experiment used for？ A．Clearing the polluted rainwater. B．Repairing a shopping mall. C．Making gardens more attractive. D．Carrying away waste in cities. √ 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The shells are laid below a surface drain(下水道) through which dirty water is carried away...they're also a natural cleaning station”可知，实验中的贝壳被用来清理被污染的雨水。故选 A。 2．What does the project of StopUP aim to do？ A．Promote the use of seashells. B．Reuse plastics and heavy metals. C．Experiment ways to treat rainwater. D．Encourage people to stop water pollution. √ 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，StopUP 项目旨在试验处理雨水的方法。故选 C。 3．What does the underlined word“perception” in Paragraph 4 probably mean？ A．Understanding. B．Custom. C．Style. D．Tendency. √ 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“a big knowledge gap”以及下文“Rainwater seems to be very clean...it becomes full of dust and other harmful pollutants”可知，人们对雨水的普遍理解与其真实所含物之间可能存在很大的知识鸿沟。故画线词的意思是“认识，理解”，与A项意思相近，故选 A。 4．What can we know according to Julie Rosalie？ A．More tools are needed to reduce water pollution. B．StopUP helps to improve the environmental quality. C．38% of surface water in Europe is free from pollutants. D．Human beings are in danger because of a lack of water. √ 细节理解题。根据最后一段中 Rosalie说的“StopUP technologies and methods could provide tools to reduce rainwater pollution”和“It has a positive effect on the quality of our common environment.”可知，StopUP 有助于改善环境质量。故选 B。 B (2024·湖北十堰高一期末) Not all birds sing，but those that do—some several thousand species—do it a lot. Iris Adam，a scientist at the University of Southern Denmark，says birds have “a drive to sing”．This means hours every day for some species，and that takes a lot of energy.However，singing can be dangerous.“As soon as you sing，you show yourself，for example，where you are and that you even exist—all of that immediately is out in the open for predators(捕食性动物)，for everybody，” she says. In a new study published in the journal Nature Communications，Adam and her colleagues offer a new explanation for why birds take that risk and whether the muscles that produce birdsong require daily exercise.Adam designed an experiment on zebra finches—little Australian songbirds.Her experiment included keeping male birds in the dark to sever the connection between their brains and their singing muscles，which prevented them from singing. After a week，the birds' singing muscles lost half of their strength.Three weeks later，they were back to the same level when they were baby birds and never had sung before.When Adam played one of the male's songs for a group of female birds，six out of nine preferred the song that came from a male who had been using his singing muscles daily. Adam's conclusion is that songbirds need to exercise their singing muscles to produce top-performance songs.If they don't sing，they lose performance，and their songs get less attractive to females，which is bad. “What they stress is that you need a lot of practice to improve what you're doing，” says Ana Amador，a scientist at the University of Buenos Aires.It's a good rule to live by，whether you're a bird or a human—practice makes perfect，at least when it comes to singing one's heart out. 语篇解读　 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家艾瑞斯·亚当对于鸟为什么总是鸣唱的研究。 5．Why can singing be dangerous for birds？ A．It can drive predators to sing. B．It can destroy their areas. C．It can attract predators. D．It does damage to their muscles. √ 细节理解题。根据第二段中“‘As soon as you sing，you show yourself，for example，where you are and that you even exist—all of that immediately is out in the open for predators(捕食性动物)，for everybody，’ she says.”可知，歌唱对鸟类来说是危险的，因为它会吸引捕食者。故选C。 6．What does the underlined word“sever” probably mean in Paragraph 3？ A．Remember. B．End. C．Risk. D．Keep. √ 词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“the connection between their brains and their singing muscles，which prevented them from singing”可知，她的实验包括把雄鸟关在黑暗中，中断它们大脑和唱歌肌肉之间的联系，这阻止了它们唱歌。故画线词的意思可能是“结束，终止”，与B项意思相近。故选 B。 7．What do we know about Adam's experiment？ A．It mainly focused on male birds and juveniles. B．It aimed to protect zebra finches from possible risks. C．It strengthened birds' singing muscles in four weeks. D．It proved exercising singing muscles matters to birds. √ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Adam's conclusion is that songbirds need to exercise their singing muscles to produce top-performance songs.”可知，亚当的实验证明锻炼歌唱肌肉对鸟类很重要。故选 D。 8．Which of the following is the most suitable title for the text？ A．Iris Adam's Work Is a Big Success B．Singing Can Be Dangerous for Birds C．Birds Sing to Keep Muscles in Shape D．Birds and Human Beings Need Practice √ 标题归纳题。根据倒数第二段中“Adam's conclusion is that songbirds need to exercise their singing muscles to produce top-performance songs.”并结合文章主要介绍了科学家艾瑞斯·亚当对于鸟为什么总是鸣唱的研究可知，C选项“鸟唱歌是为了保持歌唱肌肉的良好状态”最适合作本文的标题。故选C。 Ⅳ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) (2023·福建厦门高一期末) I wanted to travel to the Caribbean but couldn't afford it.By chance，a friend 1 “pet sitting”，a service to help look after pets when owners were away from homes.I quickly began 2 opportunities on a pet sitting website.There were only a couple of pet sitting jobs available，but I tried my luck，sent an 3 ，waited a few days and 4 landed a three-month job in a beautiful house. A month into my pet sitting，I had explored the 5 pretty well.Impressed by such a beautiful island，I decided to start a travel blog to share the beautiful beaches. 6 ，for every photo of a beautiful beach there were 10 photos of rubbish.It was 7 for me to ignore the plastic pollution 8 ．So I began to share photos of the rubbish I 9 and how much I could 10 on my daily dog walks.The blog was used to raise 11 and highlight plastic-free travel. I changed my way of living and even my 12 to accommodate to more organic foods without plastic packaging.It's been over three years now and I 13 to do what I can. This journey has led me to some amazing but 14 places，and I have even organised some countrywide beach clean-up activities.My 15 now is to keep on going. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者发现一个美丽小岛被塑料所污染，就把看到的垃圾拍下来分享到博客上，希望唤起人们的环保意识，之后作者一直致力于环境保护工作。 1．A．mentioned B．offered C．doubted D．requested √ 根据前文“I wanted to travel to the Caribbean but couldn't afford it.”和后文“I quickly began ______ opportunities on a pet sitting website.”可知，作者想去加勒比海旅游，但负担不起，所以一个朋友向作者提到宠物看护。故选 A 项。 2．A．turning down B．giving up C．jumping at D．searching for √ 根据后文 “There were only a couple of pet sitting jobs available，but I tried my luck” 可知，作者是在宠物看护网站上寻找机会。search for意为“寻找”，符合语境。故选 D 项。 3．A．application B．apology C．order D．invitation 4．A．fortunately B．generally C．obviously D．casually √ 根据前文 “There were only a couple of pet sitting jobs available，but I tried my luck” 可知，作者尝试碰碰运气，所以是发送了申请。故选 A 项。 √ 根据后文 “landed a three-month job in a beautiful house” 可知，作者成功获得了一份宠物看护的工作，所以是幸运的。故选 A 项。 5．A．website B．destination C．custom D．market √ 根据后文 “Impressed by such a beautiful island，I decided to start a travel blog to share the beautiful beaches.”可知，美丽的岛屿给作者留下了深刻的印象，所以是作者很好地探索了目的地。故选B项。 6．A．Therefore B．However C．Otherwise D．Instead √ 根据空前的 “I decided to start a travel blog to share the beautiful beaches” 和后文中的 “for every photo of a beautiful beach there were 10 photos of rubbish”可知，作者决定开通博客分享美丽的沙滩，但却看到沙滩上有很多垃圾，前后两句间语义转折，应用 however，故选 B 项。 7．A．dangerous B．possible C．hard D．normal 8．A．control B．type C．process D．issue √ 根据后文 “So I began to share photos of the rubbish” 可知，作者开始分享垃圾的照片，再结合选项可知，此处应是作者很难忽视塑料污染。故选 C项。 √ 根据空前的 “plastic pollution”并结合语境可知，此处应表示塑料污染是个问题。故选 D项。 9．A．saw B．threw C．produced D．buried 10．A．pay for B．take out C．pick up D．cut down √ 根据后文 “The blog was used to raise ______ and highlight plastic-free travel.”可知，作者开通这个博客是用来提高环保意识的，所以此处指作者分享看到的垃圾的照片。故选 A 项。 √ 根据 “on my daily dog walks” 可知，此处指作者每天遛狗时能捡到多少垃圾。pick up意为“捡起”，符合语境。故选C 项。 11．A．questions B．standards C．money D．awareness √ 根据空后的并列连词 and 和 “highlight plastic-free travel” 可知，and前后内容并列，结合语境可知，此处指这个博客被用来提高人们的环保意识。故选 D 项。 12．A．necessities B．diets C．impression D．workout √ 根据后文 “accommodate to more organic foods without plastic packaging” 可知，为了适应更多没有塑料包装的有机食品，作者改变了饮食习惯。故选B项。 13．A．forget B．compete C．agree D．continue √ 根据后文 “This journey has led me to some amazing but ______ places，and I have even organised some countrywide beach clean-up activities.”可知，作者依旧为了环保在努力，所以是作者继续做自己能做的。故选D项。 14．A．poor B．polluted C．noisy D．crowded 15．A．limit B．advice C．goal D．answer √ 根据后文“I have even organised some countrywide beach clean-up activities”可知，作者一直致力于治理污染，所以去的都是有污染的地方。故选 B 项。 √ 根据后文中的 “to keep on going” 并结合选项可知，此处应是指作者的目标是继续前进，致力于环保工作。故选 C项。 返回 谢 谢 观 看 UNIT 5　 HUMANS AND NATURE 返回 $