Unit 5 Section Ⅰ Topic Talk-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（北师大版）

UNIT 5　 HUMANS AND NATURE 单元目标速览 单元话题导入 Section Ⅰ　 Topic Talk 内容索引 耳熟能详　练听说 1 语基讲练　提能力 2 课时测评 3 耳熟能详　练听说 返回 Step Ⅰ　Before listening 词汇热身 1．________ n.　　　 灾难；灾祸 2．________ n. 洪水，水灾 3．________ n. 旱灾，干旱 4．________ n. 爆发 5．________ n. 野生动植物，野生生物 6．_________ n. 评论；意见 7．________ adj. 拥挤的；挤满人的 disaster flood drought eruption wildlife comment crowded 8．_________ n. 风景，景色 9．________ adj. 活的，活着的 10．________ n. 野草；海藻 11．________ n. 昆虫 12．________ n. 土壤 13．________ n. 气候 14．________ n. 生态；生态学 15．________ n. (热带)丛林 insect soil climate ecology jungle landscape living weed 16．________ vt. 使震惊；使难以置信 17．________ n. 讲座，讲课；演讲 18．________ vt. 过度使用；滥用 19．________ n. 百万 20．__________ n. 温室，暖房 21．________________________ 对……置之不理，对……撒手不管 22．________ n. 题目，标题 shock lecture overuse million greenhouse turn one’s back (on sb/sh) title Step Ⅱ　While listening Ⅰ.听力理解 听第一段对话(5.1)，回答第1至3题。 1．What percentage of London is covered with water or green space？ A．16%.　　　 B．30%.　　　 C．66%. 2．How many kinds of birds can be seen in London？ A．Over 120. B．Over 200. C．Over 350. √ √ 3．What has improved about River Thames compared to fifty years ago？ A．The number of fish species. B．The water pollution levels. C．The climate around the river. √ 听第二段对话(5.2)，回答第4至5题。 4．What was the boy’s reaction to the lecture？ A．He found it boring. B．He was shocked by it. C．He thought it was too long. 5．What is the main message of the lecture according to the conversation？ A．Humans should defeat nature. B．Humans should use nature as much as they could. C．Humans should live with nature and protect it. √ √ Ⅱ.精听训练 第一段对话(5.1)听力填空。 (P＝Presenter S＝Sarah Hughes) P：And you are now on Radio Richmond.We’ve got Sarah Hughes from West London Wildlife.Sarah，do you teach people about nature in this part of London？ S：Yes，we’re lucky.Actually，the whole city is quite green.About 66 percent of the city is covered with water or green space.Amazing，isn’t it？And there are three million 1．______________． P：Three million？Wow! private gardens S：Yes.It’s great for wildlife.You can see different kinds of birds—there are over 350.And there are other interesting animals too，like deer.My favourite animals are deer.We’ve got them here in Richmond Park. P：Talking about nature，what about River Thames？ S：Well，there’s less water pollution now than fifty years ago.In fact，there are about 2．______ different kinds of fish in the river. P：And climate change？ S：I think our climate is definitely 3．__________．And the greenhouse effect is quite obvious.For example，the winters aren’t 4．________ these days and we don’t get snow very often. 120 changing as cold P：And other environmental problems？ S：The biggest environmental problems are air pollution and 5．______________ from cars and airplanes.Nearly 6．__________ a year in London suffer from dangerous levels of pollution.That’s very worrying. P：OK，thanks a lot，Sarah，for sharing with us. noise pollution forty days 第二段对话(5.2)听力填空。 (B＝Boy G＝Girl) B：Wow.The lecture was so shocking.I didn’t know we were 7．________ nature so much. G：Me neither.We tried to make use of nature as much as we could，but we 8．________ it.Nature got hurt，felt pain，and finally 9．______________ on us. B：Yes.Nature is our home.Humans，animals，plants and all other living things live in it.We should take care of our “home”． G：Just like the title of the lecture— Living with Nature— we should 10．_______ nature. B：I agree.In the future，we should... harming overdid turned its back protect Step Ⅲ　Post listening Step Ⅲ　Post listening 听力技法——推断背景或者双方关系等 技巧点拨 1．通过场景词汇来推断谈话的地点及谈话者关系或者推断身份职业等。 2．根据各种称呼语、关键词，并结合生活场景来判断谈话双方的关系，如 our kids，darling 等。 (1)机场场景词：airline航空公司；non-stop flight直飞航班；connecting flight中转航班；first/business/economy class一等/商务/经济舱；departure time/date起飞时间/日期；passport护照；boarding pass/card登机牌；carry-on bag随身行李 (2)图书馆场景词：check out(从图书馆等)借出；librarian图书管理员；library card借书卡；library account图书馆账号；reference books参考书；工具书；pay a fine交罚金；not for lending不外借 (3)酒店场景词：book a room/make a reservation预订房间；reception desk/front desk接待处/前台；single room/double room单人间/双人间；single bed/double bed单人床/双人床；check in登记入住；check out退房；room key/key card客房钥匙/房卡；room number房间号；wake-up call叫醒服务 (4)医院、诊所场景词：flu流感；cold感冒；have a fever/a temperature发烧；cough咳嗽；runny nose流鼻涕；headache头痛；stomachache胃痛；weak虚弱的；feel sick感到恶心；feel dizzy感到头晕； examine检查；check-up/health check体检；take one’s temperature量体温；blood pressure血压；doctor/physician医生；operation手术；surgery外科手术；emergency room急诊室；visiting hours探视时间 (5)购物场所词汇：size尺码；style款式；model型号；on sale廉价出售；bargain减价品；discount折扣；sell out卖完；try on试穿；match匹配；fit合身；changing room/fitting room试衣间；place an order下订单；cashier收银员；counter柜台；return退还；change找零 (6)办公室常用词汇：boss老板；department部门；position职位；marketing 营销；leave/off work下班；attend a meeting参加会议；meet the customers见客户；discuss business matters讨论业务问题 (7)交通工具常用词汇：flight航班；take off 起飞；seat belt安全带；next stop下一站；get off 下车；rush hour交通高峰期；traffic light交通信号灯；crossing十字路口；gas station加油站；pull over向路边停靠 (8)家庭常用词汇：do the cleaning打扫卫生；in the kitchen在厨房里；hand me the salt and plate递给我盐和盘子；dinner is ready晚饭好了；stay in bed待在床上 (9)在街上：Excuse me.How can I get to the....？打扰一下。我怎么能到……？Excuse me.Is there a...？打扰一下。这里有……吗？The building is on the other side.大楼在(路的)另一边。cross the road横穿马路 (10)在售票厅：When is the next train to...？下一趟到……的列车是几点的？One ticket，please.我买一张票。 典题示例 听力原文 M：You have to go now，Judy，or you’ll miss your flight.It’s an hour’s drive to the airport. W：I’m leaving.Don’t forget to water my flowers.Just a minute，where’s my ticket，Dad？ 听力试题 Where are the speakers？ A．At home. B．At the office. C．At the airport. 策略应用　本题解题的关键是场景词汇 I’m leaving....water my flowers，Dad等，由此判断出说话人是在家里，故选A。airport，ticket则是作为干扰项的场景词，故不可仅仅根据airport就选C。 返回 语基讲练　提能力 返回 归 纳 Ⅰ. 核心词汇练全 flood n．洪水，水灾 (1)a flood of　　 一大批的，大量的 in flood 在泛滥 (2)flood v. 淹没；大量涌入；充满 flood in 涌进(不及物动词短语) flood into 涌进……(及物动词短语) be flooded with 充满……　　 1 (1)The heavy rain caused the streets ____________ (flood)，making it difficult to drive. (2)The company received ___________________ (大量投诉)after the product recall. (3)Last month tourists ________________________(涌入这个小镇)，eager to experience the local culture and traditions. (4)(写作佳句之心理描写)我一看到照片，甜蜜的回忆立马就涌了进来。 ______________________________________ as soon as I saw the photos. to be flooded a flood of complaints flooded into the small town The sweet memories immediately flooded in 归 纳 comment n．评论，意见 (1)make a comment/comments on/about...　 对……作出评论 No comment. 无可奉告。 (2)comment v. 评论，发表意见 comment on/upon... 对……评论　　 2 (1) I enjoy ____________ (comment) on my friends’ photos because it makes them feel good. (2)We often ______________________________________(在小组讨论中发表评论) to help each other understand better. (3) (写作佳句之活动介绍)许多人评论说，这次越野赛事对于增强同学们的体质及塑造性格都有很大意义。 Many people ________________________________ the cross-country event was of great significance for the students to build their body and their character. commenting make comments during our group discussion commented that/made comments that 归 纳 crowded adj.拥挤的；挤满人的(crowd n．人群；观众；一伙人；一帮人vt.挤满；塞满) be crowded with...　 挤满…… crowd into 挤进，涌入…… a crowd of/crowds of 一群，一堆，许多 the crowd(s) 人群，观众，群众　　 3 (1)The park was full of ________ (crowd) during the summer picnic. (2)As soon as the doors opened，people began to _________________(涌入火车)，eager to find a seat. (3)中国元素　The Great Wall of China is a popular tourist destination，and during peak season，it can _______________________________________ (挤满来自世界各地的游客). (4)(写作佳句之场景描写)公园里有一群孩子在嬉戏打闹，享受着晴朗的天气。 There was ______________________________________________，enjoying the sunny weather. crowds crowd into the train be crowded with visitors from around the world a crowd of children playing and laughing in the park 归 纳 shock vt.使震惊；使难以置信(shocked adj.震惊的 shocking adj.令人震惊的) in shock　　　　　　 震惊地；吃惊地 to one's shock 令某人震惊的是 be shocked at/by... 对……感到震惊 be shocked to see/hear/find... 震惊地看见/听到/发现……　　 4 (1)根据提示用shock的变化形式或者词组完成语段。 When a storm hit the town，everyone was _______________(感到震惊).People were ___________(震惊于)how quickly it happened.The power of nature was __________ 令人震惊的)，even to those who loved studying natural disasters. Many ________ ____________________________(震惊地看到)trees fallen and roads blocked. (2)中国元素　As I stepped into the ancient Forbidden City for the first time，________________________________(它宏伟的建筑让我震撼不已). (3)(写作佳句之神情、动作描写)我震惊地望着她，等待她告诉我，这一切都是我的误解。 I ____________________，waiting for her to tell me that it had all been my misunderstanding. shocked/in shock shocked at shocking were its magnificent buildings shocked me looked at her in shock 返回 shocked to find/found in shock 课时测评 返回 Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 1．During a d_______，it is important to use technology wisely to save water. 2．I attended a l_______ on information safety and learned about the latest threats. 3．The sudden e________ of the computer virus caused a lot of problems for the users. 4．A data d_______ can happen if you do not back up your files regularly. 5．Understanding c_______ data can help scientists predict global changes. rought ecture ruption isaster limate 6．I saw many interesting i_______ in the garden today. 7．The l_________ was beautiful with mountains and trees. 8．The software allows us to explore a virtual ________ (丛林)filled with different challenges. 9．Please leave a __________(评论) if you find any errors in the passages you reviewed. 10．________ (生态学)is important because it helps us understand how living things connect with each other and their environment. nsects andscape jungle comment Ecology Ⅱ.根据提示完成句子(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分) 1．许多人在公园里扔垃圾时选择背弃环境。(turn one’s back) Many people ______________________________________ when they throw trash in parks. 2．看到如此多的塑料最终进入我们美丽的河流，我感到震惊。(shock) __________________ so much plastic ended up in our beautiful rivers. 3．她尽力种尽可能多的树来保护环境。(as...as sb can/could) She tried to _________________________________________________. choose to turn their backs on the environment I was shocked to see plant as many trees as she could to protect the environment 4．老师想对我们日常生活中循环利用的重要性发表评论。(comment) The teacher wanted to ____________________________________ recycling in our daily lives. 5．办公室里充满了各种好想法，使其成为一个充满魅力的创意中心。(flood) The office ________________________________，making it a lovely center of creativity. make a comment upon the importance of was flooded with various great ideas Ⅲ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A (2024·江苏镇江高一期末) The world's longest cave system is in the state of Kentucky.Mammoth Cave National Park keeps this special and historical natural wonder.There may be another 600 miles of cave passageways that have yet to be explored.In addition，more than 200 caves that are disconnected from the larger system can be found in the park. The underground caves were created naturally by the process of limestone erosion(石灰岩侵蚀).Rain and rivers slowly dissolve(溶解) and shape soft limestone.The system is still being shaped today.Not only are they an amazing destination to visit，but the system also provides drinking water for about 40% of the US population. The caves' first explorers were Native Americans，who mined(采矿) the upper levels of Mammoth Cave.Later，the sites were left in great shape and began to draw public interest. Mammoth Cave was made into a national park thanks to strong local support.Back in the 1920s，the Southern Appalachian National Park Commission was set up in 1925 to survey park sites，including the caves. After years of work getting the land for the park，as well as building roads and public equipment，the park was completed on July 1，1941. The park now receives around 2 million visitors a year，with about a quarter taking a tour of the caves—everything from a cultural tour to the more adventurous tours on offer.The cave supports more than 130 wildlife species.The park is also much more than just a cave；the forest around has one of the most diverse habitats(栖息地) in the country.There are miles of trails open for horseback riding，with canoe trails and great fishing spots.There are also more than 1，300 flowering species in the forest，and animals like wood warblers，thrushes，and bald eagles can regularly be spotted. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了位于美国肯塔基州猛犸洞穴国家公园里世界上最长的洞穴系统。 1．What can we learn about Mammoth Cave from the first two paragraphs？ A．It was made by ancient people. B．It has the length of 600 miles. C．It is made up of 200 connected caves. D．It has a large underground system. √ 细节理解题。根据第一段中的 “The world's longest cave system is in the state of Kentucky.Mammoth Cave National Park keeps this special and historical natural wonder.”和第二段中的 “The underground caves were created naturally by the process of limestone erosion(石灰岩侵蚀).”可知，猛犸洞穴有一个庞大的地下系统。故选D项。 2．How did the caves form？ A．Explorers mined the upper levels. B．The government searched for drinkable water. C．Water dissolved limestone. D．People built roads and public facilities. √ 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “The underground caves were created naturally by the process of limestone erosion(石灰岩侵蚀).Rain and rivers slowly dissolve(溶解) and shape soft limestone.The system is still being shaped today.”可知，水溶解了石灰岩，形成了洞穴。故选C项。 3．What can we learn from the last paragraph？ A．More than 1，300 flowers grow in the caves. B．The park offers visitors diverse experiences. C．Most visitors come to the park just for caves. D．Two million people have visited the park till now.　 √ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的 “everything from a cultural tour to the more adventurous tours on offer”以及 “There are miles of trails open for horseback riding，with canoe trails and great fishing spots.”可知，猛犸洞穴国家公园不仅有各类洞穴游览活动，还提供骑马、独木舟、钓鱼等游乐项目，由此可推知，该公园能为游客提供多样化的体验。故选 B项。 4．What is the best title for the text？ A．Planning Cave Tours Around the World B．Exploring the World's Longest Cave System C．Learning About the Explorers of Mammoth Cave D．Predicting the Future of Mammoth Cave National Park √ 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了猛犸洞穴国家公园的主体猛犸洞穴的形成过程，以及政府为开发这个国家公园作出的努力，还有它的特色和历史意义，B项(探索世界上最长的洞穴系统)是本文的最佳标题。故选B项。 B (2024·甘肃庆阳高一期末) Rivers are very important.Humans rely on them for food and water.But rivers can destroy things，too.They can flood，or rise over their banks，making the water run into the nearby land.Floods can also kill humans and wildlife.However，floods are not always bad.Some ecosystems need them every once in a while. Flooding can not only kill animals but also destroy their living places.For example，a flood in India in 2012 killed many one-horned rhinos(独角犀牛).Flood waters can pick up dirt from riverbanks，which makes the water dirty.Too much dirt will clog rivers and streams，preventing the river from flowing.Sometimes flood waters can carry pollution to the sea and harm ocean life.In addition，flood waters can carry disease，including hepatitis A and cholera. However，not everything about floods is bad.Sometimes they bring new life to ecosystems.Flood waters carry nutrients (营养物) to the nearby land. Over time，the water dries up and leaves behind pieces of dirt and mud.These pieces are called sediment(沉淀物) which can be good due to its ability to improve the dirt and helps plants grow.Floods are important to some animals as well.For instance，some animals see floods as a sign that it is time to mate or move away.Floods leave sediment on river beds where baby fish can grow and carry nutrients for small animals in the water to eat.Moreover，in dry seasons，water might dry up，but floods help refill the wetlands，keeping the ecosystem going. Floods are a part of nature.They can destroy living things and the environment.But some ecosystems need floods to survive. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作为大自然的一部分，洪水对于生态系统既有好处也有坏处。 5．What's the possible meaning of the underlined word“clog” in Paragraph 2？ A．Block. B．Pollute. C．Become. D．Develop. √ 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“preventing the river from flowing”可知，河水停止流动是因为有太多泥土堵塞河道。由此可推知，此处的 clog 的意思应该是“堵塞”，与A项意思相近。故选 A。 6．How do floods help ecosystems？ A．Tiny fish going with floods feed some animals. B．Floods make all the animals migrate more easily. C．Nutrients carried by floods can make soil richer. D．Floods can clean the dirt and help plants grow. √ 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Flood waters carry nutrients(营养物) to the nearby land.Over time，the water dries up and leaves behind pieces of dirt and mud.These pieces are called sediment(沉淀物) which can be good due to its ability to improve the dirt and helps plants grow.”可知，洪水所携带的营养物质可以使土壤更肥沃，从而更好地帮助生态系统。故选 C。 7．What's the main idea of Paragraph 3？ A．The way in which floods feed animals. B．The benefits of floods to ecosystems. C．An effective means of improving soil. D．The reason for people's hating floods. √ 段落大意题。根据文章第三段中“Sometimes they bring new life to ecosystems.”和“Floods are important to some animals as well.”以及“Moreover，in dry seasons，water might dry up，but floods help refill the wetlands，keeping the ecosystem going.”可知，文章第三段主要讲的是洪水对于生态系统的好处。故选 B。 8．What's the best title for this article？ A．The Good Effects of Flooding B．The Secret of Flooding C．Floods—a Part of Nature　 D．Floods—Everything Is So Bad √ 标题归纳题。通读全文，文章首段总起全文，说明了洪水的坏处和好处，第二段主要讲洪水对于生态系统的不利的方面，第三段主要讲洪水对于生态系统的益处，最后一段总结全文，点明主题——洪水是大自然的一部分。所以C项“洪水是大自然的一部分”是本文的最佳标题。故选C。 Ⅳ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) (2024·山西晋中高一期末) Is it bad to work out in cold weather？ 1( ) With winter now，here is what the doctors and personal trainers want you to know about exercising in cold weather. Burn extra calories. In cold climates，your body needs to perform extra heat to keep your body warm.Brown fat is the type of body fat that helps control body temperature.When you're outside in the cold，brown fat burns calories in order to increase body temperature.2( )　 Help increase willpower. Working out in the heat can cause you to become tired more easily，since it increases sweating and your heart rate more rapidly.3( ) It may mean you can build willpower(毅力) more easily. 4( ) Exercising outside during the winter is thought to be one useful way to avoid a type of disorder or depression that tends to affect people during the dark winter months.Sunlight and exercise both have a positive impact on your mental(精神的) condition.They help give out more“feel good” chemicals，including serotonin and endorphins. Help you sleep better. The combination of sunlight exposure(暴露) during the daytime，fresh air and physical activity can help you relax and sleep well at night.5( ) It is also called your “inside clock” which makes you feel sleepy enough at night and awake enough in the morning. Exercising in cold weather isn't for everyone，though.If you have any health problems，it is advisable to talk with your health care provider first. A．Support heart health. B．Improve your mental health. C．It can make you take regular exercise. D．In this process it can likely help you to lose weight. E．Sunlight is important for controlling your sleep-wake cycle. F．As long as you take preventive measures，it is actually pretty beneficial. G．On the other hand，exercising in the cold can allow you to work out longer. 语篇解读　 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在寒冷天气里锻炼的好处。 Is it bad to work out in cold weather？_____________________________ ___________________________________ With winter now，here is what the doctors and personal trainers want you to know about exercising in cold weather 根据上文“Is it bad to work out in cold weather？”提出是否在寒冷天气里锻炼不好的疑问，及下文描述的冬天锻炼的好处可知，F项“只要你采取预防措施，它实际上是相当有益的。”承上启下，符合语境，选项中的 it指代上文中的 to work out in cold weather。故选 F。 F．As long as you take preventive measures，it is actually pretty beneficial. Burn extra calories. In cold climates，your body needs to perform extra heat to keep your body warm.Brown fat is the type of body fat that helps control body temperature.When you're outside in the cold，brown fat burns calories in order to increase body temperature. _______________________________________ ____________　 根据上文“When you're outside in the cold，brown fat burns calories in order to increase body temperature.”可知，D项“在这个过程中，它可能会帮助你减肥。”为燃烧卡路里的结果，符合语境。故选 D。 D．In this process it can likely help you to lose weight. Help increase willpower. Working out in the heat can cause you to become tired more easily，since it increases sweating and your heart rate more rapidly.___________________ ______________________________________________ It may mean you can build willpower(毅力) more easily. 上文“Working out in the heat can cause you to become tired more easily，since it increases sweating and your heart rate more rapidly.”描述在炎热的天气里锻炼的弊端，与之形成对比，空处应讲在寒冷天气里锻炼的情况；G项符合语境，并与下文“It may mean you can build willpower(毅力) more easily.”构成逻辑上的因果关系。故选 G。 G．On the other hand，exercising in the cold can allow you to work out longer. _____________________________ Exercising outside during the winter is thought to be one useful way to avoid a type of disorder or depression that tends to affect people during the dark winter months.Sunlight and exercise both have a positive impact on your mental(精神的) condition.They help give out more“feel good” chemicals，including serotonin and endorphins. 空处为本段小标题，根据下文内容可知，本段讲述冬季锻炼可以改善心理健康，故B项“改善你的心理健康。”符合语境。故选 B。 B．Improve your mental health. Help you sleep better. The combination of sunlight exposure(暴露) during the daytime，fresh air and physical activity can help you relax and sleep well at night.____________ ___________________________________________ It is also called your “inside clock” which makes you feel sleepy enough at night and awake enough in the morning. 空前表示在寒冷的白天锻炼，再加上接触阳光和呼吸新鲜空气能有助于睡眠，下文提出“生物钟”概念；E项“阳光对控制你的睡眠清醒周期很重要。”承上启下，其中 sunlight是原词复现，下文中 It 指代 E 选项中 sleep-wake cycle。故选E。 E．Sunlight is important for controlling your sleep-wake cycle. 返回 谢 谢 观 看 UNIT 5　 HUMANS AND NATURE 返回 $