Unit 4 Section Ⅳ Extended reading&Project&Assessment-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（译林版）

本讲义围绕《The Value of Science》核心文本，系统梳理科学价值的三大维度，即科学知识的应用价值、智力享受及怀疑与思想自由的重要性。通过词汇预习、语篇理解、难句解构、词汇句型精研等学习支架，构建从输入到输出的完整学习链。 该资料以诺贝尔物理学奖得主费曼演讲为真实语篇载体，融合语言能力培养与思维品质提升。通过语篇理解题设计（如主旨归纳、段落匹配）和核心词汇语境应用（如involve、apply的语法填空与微写作），助力学生提升语言理解与表达能力，培养批判性思维。课中辅助教师引导深度文本分析，课后夯实双基与随堂演练帮助学生自主查漏补缺，强化知识内化。

Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment ……………………………………………………………………………◎ ① obviously adv.明显地 ② work on 从事于 ③ atomic adj.原子能的；原子的 ④bomb n．炸弹；核武器 vt.轰炸 ⑤represent v．代表；为……代言(辩护) ⑥destruction n．毁灭，摧毁 ⑦put... at risk 把……置于危险境地 ⑧evil n．罪恶，罪行；害处，坏处 adj.恶毒的；有害的；恶魔的 ⑨involve vt.包含；牵涉，影响；(使)参加 ⑩be familiar to 对……来说是熟悉的 scientific adj.科学的，关于科学的；细致严谨的 credit n．赞扬，认可；信用 vt.存入金额；把……归于 to the credit of 给……带来荣耀 moral adj.道德的；道义上的；品行端正的 n．品行，道德；寓意 apply vt. & vi.应用；申请；涂；有关 negate vt.取消，使无效；否认，否定 intellectual adj.脑力的；有才智的，智力发达的 n．知识分子，脑力劳动者 mystery n．神秘；神秘的人(或事物)；悬疑作品 let sb. down 使某人失望 turn over 掀起，翻开 turn to 转向；求助于 ignorance n．无知 as to 关于，至于 take it for granted想当然地认为，认为……是理所当然 freedom n．自由 authority n．权威，权力；官方 permit vt. & vi.允许，准许，许可；使有可能 n．许可证 responsibility n．责任，负责；职责，义务 declare vt.表明，宣称；公布，宣布；申报 ◎…………………………………………………………………………… The Value of Science When I was younger，I thought science would make good things for everybody. It was obviously① useful; it was good. But then during the war I worked on② the atomic③ bomb④. This result of science was obviously very serious—it represented⑤the destruction⑥of people and it put our future at risk⑦. I had to ask myself，“Is there some evil⑧ involved⑨ in science？” Put another way，【1】 what is the value of the science I had long devoted myself to —the thing I had loved—when I saw what terrible things it could do？【2】 It was a question I had to answer. I thought long and hard about this question，and I will try to answer it in this talk. 【1】put another way为过去分词短语作状语，意为“用另一种方式来表述”。put在此意为“表述，陈述”。 【2】I had long devoted myself to为定语从句，修饰先行词the science，省略了引导词that或which；破折号之间的内容用于解释说明，其中I had loved是定语从句，修饰先行词the thing；when引导时间状语从句，其中what引导宾语从句，作saw的宾语。 The first way in which science is of value is familiar to⑩ everyone：scientific knowledge enables us to do and make all kinds of things. Of course，if we make good things，it is not only to the credit of science；it is also to the credit of the moral choice which led us to good work. Scientific knowledge is an enabling power to do either good or bad—but it does not carry instructions on how to apply it. Such power has obvious value—even though the power may be negated by what one does with it．【3】 【3】even though引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”；what引导宾语从句，作介词by的宾语。 Another value of science is the intellectualenjoyment it can provide us with. When we look at any question deeply enough，we feel the excitement and mystery coming to us again and again. With more knowledge comes a deeper，more wonderful mystery，inspiring one to look deeper still．【4】 Never concerned that the answer may let us down，【5】 with pleasure and confidence we turn over each new stone to find unimagined strangeness leading on to more wonderful questions and mysteries. Thanks to the scientific effort，we have been led to imagine all sorts of things more fantastic than poets and dreamers of the past ever could. 学生用书第109页 【4】画线部分是完全倒装句。介词短语with more knowledge置于句首引起的句子倒装，将谓语动词comes提至主语a deeper，more wonderful mystery前；inspiring one to look deeper still为动词-ing形式作状语。 【5】Never concerned that... down为形容词短语作状语，其中that 引导宾语从句。 I would now like to turn to a third value that science has. The scientist has a lot of experience with ignorance and doubt and uncertainty，and this experience is of very great importance. When a scientist doesn’t know the answer to a problem，he is ignorant. When he has an idea as to what the result is，he is uncertain. And when he is pretty sure of what the result is going to be，he is still in some doubt. Now，we scientists take it for granted that it is perfectly possible to live and not know．【6】 But our freedom to doubt 【7】was born out of a deep and strong struggle against authority in the early days of science. In order to progress，we must not forget the importance of this struggle; we must recognize our ignorance and leave room for doubt. Permit us to question—to doubt—to not be sure. 【6】句中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是that引导的从句。 【7】动词不定式to doubt作定语，修饰名词freedom。 It is our responsibilityas scientists，knowing the great progress that is the fruit of freedom of thought，to declare the value of this freedom; to teach how doubt is not to be feared but to be welcomed and discussed; and to demand this freedom as our duty to all coming generations．【8】 【8】画线部分是主从复合句。句中it作形式主语，三个并列的动词不定式短语to declare ... freedom；to teach... discussed；and to demand ... generations作真正的主语，其中how引导宾语从句。knowing the great progress... thought为动词-ing形式作状语，其中that引导定语从句，修饰先行词the great progress。 (Adapted from a public lecture by Richard Feynman，an American scientist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1965) 学生用书第110页 科学的价值 在我还很年轻的时候，我以为科学会给每个人都带来好处。科学显然是有用的；有好的一面。但随后在战争期间，我从事了原子弹的研究。这个科学的成果又明摆着有很大危险性——它意味着人的毁灭，并使我们的未来岌岌可危。我不得不扪心自问：“科学之中是不是也包含罪恶？” 换言之，在我发现科学可能造成的恶果之后，我一直投身其中的科学，我曾经的挚爱，价值何在？这是一个我不得不回答的问题。关于这个问题，我苦思冥想了很久，我将试着在这次演讲中给出解答。 科学体现价值的第一种方式对每个人而言都耳熟能详：科学知识让我们能够做各种各样的事，造不同种类的东西。当然，如果我们做了好事，不仅归功于科学，还归功于引导我们行善的道德选择。科学知识是一种让我们可以行善也可以作恶的力量——但是该如何运用，它并未自带说明书。这样的力量其价值显而易见，尽管，这力量会被某人用它所做的事否定。 科学的另一种价值在于它能够给予我们以智力的享受。当我们足够深入地探究某个问题时，我们会感到兴奋和神秘不断地扑面而来。随新知而来的是更深刻、更精妙的奥秘，激励我们更深入地去探究。我们从不担心答案会令人失望，带着愉悦和信心，我们翻开每一块新的石头去发现意想不到的奇妙，它们指向更多精妙的问题与奥秘。有赖于在科学上付出的努力，我们在其引领下构想出形形色色的东西，远比过去任何一位诗人和梦想家的想象更加美妙。 现在，我要说到科学的第三种价值。科学家经常会经历无知、怀疑和不确定，而这种经历非常重要。当科学家不知道某个问题的答案时，他是无知的。当他对于结果是什么有主意时，他是不确定的。当他非常确信结果将会怎样时，他仍旧有所怀疑。 如今，我们科学家理所当然地认为，生而有所不知是完全有可能的。但是我们怀疑的自由，脱胎于早年间科学为对抗权威展开的深刻而强硬的斗争。为了进步，我们切不可忘记这场斗争的重要性；我们必须认识到自己的无知，并且为怀疑留出一席之地。要允许我们提问——怀疑——不确定。 作为科学家我们深知伟大的进步是思想自由的成果，我们有责任阐明这种自由的价值；我们有责任教导人们怀疑不可怕，它值得欢迎和探讨；我们更有责任强烈要求拥有这一自由，这就是我们对后世的义务。 (改编自1965年诺贝尔物理学奖得主、美国科学家理查德·费曼的公开演讲) 一、整体理解 1．What’s the main idea of the passage？ A．It tells us science is of great value in our lives. B．It tells us science only makes good things for people. C．It tells us science represents the destruction of people and often puts us at risk. D．It tells us science can’t be measured by being good or evil. 答案：　A 2．Match the paragraphs with the main ideas. (1)Paras. 1－2________ (2)Para. 3________ 学生用书第111页 (3)Para. 4________ (4)Paras. 5－6________ (5)Para. 7________ A．Freedom of doubt makes science progress. B．Introduce the topic of the values of science. C．The intellectual pleasure science provides. D．We do and make varieties of things inspired by science. E．The responsibility of scientists. 答案：　(1)～(5)　BDCAE 二、细节理解 Read the text carefully and choose the best answers. 1．Which value of science is not mentioned in the passage？ A．Scientific knowledge enables us to invent something. B．Science can provide people with intellectual enjoyment. C．Science can make people feel ignorant，doubtful and uncertain about something. D．Science makes people form a habit of thinking freely and effectively. 2．According to the passage，what’s the scientists’ responsibility？ A．Declaring the value of the freedom of thought. B．Teaching that doubt isn’t to be feared but to be welcomed. C．Knowing the progress is the fruit of freedom of thought. D．Ensuring the freedom of thought is for all coming generations. 答案：　1～2　D C 三、难句解构 1．Of course，if we make good things，it is not only to the credit of science; it is also to the credit of the moral choice which led us to good work. 【句式分析】　本句是主从复合句。第一个分句中if引导条件状语从句；第二个分句中which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词choice。 【尝试翻译】　当然，如果我们做了善事，不仅归功于科学，还归功于引导我们行善的道德选择。 2．Never concerned that the answer may let us down，with pleasure and confidence we turn over each new stone to find unimagined strangeness leading on to more wonderful questions and mysteries. 【句式分析】　本句是主从复合句。句中Never concerned that... down为形容词短语作状语，其中that引导宾语从句；leading on... 为动词-ing形式作定语，修饰strangeness。 【尝试翻译】　我们从不担心答案会令人失望，总是快乐而自信地开始每一次新探索，发现一些意想不到、稀奇古怪的东西，随之而来的是更加奇妙的问题和奥秘。 3．It is our responsibility as scientists，knowing the great progress that is the fruit of freedom of thought，to declare the value of this freedom; to teach how doubt is not to be feared but to be welcomed and discussed; and to demand this freedom as our duty to all coming generations. 【句式分析】　本句是主从复合句。句中it作形式主语，后面的三个动词不定式短语作真正的主语。其中knowing the great progress为动词-ing形式作状语，其后that引导定语从句，修饰先行词progress; how引导宾语从句，作to teach的宾语。 【尝试翻译】　作为科学家，我们明白巨大进步源于思想自由，因此，我们有责任声明这一自由的价值；有责任教育人们不必害怕怀疑，而要欢迎怀疑、讨论怀疑；有责任强烈要求这一自由，这就是我们对后世的义务。 学生用书第110页 [核心单词] 1．be credited with　　　　 被认为 2．different nationalities 不同民族 3．declare its independence 宣告独立 4．apply for the job 申请这个工作 5．Chinese marriage 中式婚礼 [拓展单词] 1．involve vt. 包含；牵涉，影响；(使)参加 →involved adj. 参与其中的；有关联的 →involvement n. 参与；投入 2．science n．科学 →scientific adj.科学的；关于科学的；细致严谨的 → scientist n．科学家 3．moral adj.道德的；道义上的；品行端正的，n. 品行，道德；寓意 →morally adv.道义上地 4．ignorance n. 无知 →ignore vt. 忽视；不理睬 →ignorant adj. 无知的 5．free adj.自由的；免费的；空闲的 →freedom n．自由 →freely adv.自由地，无拘无束地 6．responsibility n. 责任，负责；职责，义务 →responsible adj. 负责的 →irresponsible adj. 不负责的 7．declare vt. 表明，宣称；公布，宣布；申报 →declaration n. 宣告；公告 [重点短语] 第一组　汉译英 1．卷入，涉及，参与　　　　　　 (be) involved in 2．使某人失望 let sb. down 3．关于，至于 as to 4．想当然地认为；认为……是理所当然的 take it for granted 5．提出，提议；建议 put forward 第二组　英译汉 6．by accident　　　　　　　 偶然，意外地 7．with a bang 很成功；引人注目，有强烈影响 8．make up one’s mind (to do sth.) 下定决心(做某事) 9．far from the truth 绝非真实 10．put one’s future at risk 置某人前途于危险之中 11．put another way 换句话说 12．devote oneself to (doing) sth. 致力于(做)某事 [典型句式] 根据课文语境和汉语提示补全句子 1．倒装句 With more knowledge comes a deeper，more wonderful mystery (随新知而来的是更深刻、更精妙的奥秘)，inspiring one to look deeper still. 2．“take it for granted that”句型 Now，we scientists take it for granted that (科学家理所当然地认为) it is perfectly possible to live and not know. 核心词汇精研 involve vt.包含；牵涉，影响；(使)参加 (教材原句)　I had to ask myself，“Is there some evil involved in science？” 我不得不问自己：“科学里是不是有罪恶？” (1)involve sb. in (doing)sth. (使)某人参与(做)某事 (2)involved adj. 参与的；涉及的 be involved in 包含在……；与……有关；被卷入；专心地(做) 学生用书第113页 be involved with　　 涉及 become involved in 卷入，陷入 get involved with 给……缠住 [佳句背诵]　I seem to have involved myself in something I don’t understand. 我似乎已经将自己卷入了我不了解的事情当中。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①There was a serious incident involving (involve) a group of youths. ②There was a lot of work involved (involve)in setting up the festival. ③Parents should involve themselves in their children’s education. ◎能力提升——微写作 ④这次撞车事故涉及多少辆汽车？ How many vehicles were involved in the crash？ credit n．赞扬，认可；信用vt.存入金额；把……归于 (教材原句)Of course，if we make good things，it is not only to the credit of science; it is also to the credit of the moral choice which led us to good work.当然，如果我们做了善事，不仅归功于科学，还归功于引导我们行善的道德选择。 give sb. credit for ...　 因为……而称赞某人 do sb. credit 使某人值得赞扬 to sb.’s credit 使值得赞扬 buy sth. on credit 赊购 [佳句背诵]　To his credit，Jack never told anyone exactly what had happened. 值得赞扬的是，杰克对所发生的事守口如瓶。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①Let’s give him credit for the success of the project. ②The bank refused further credit to the company. ◎能力提升——微写作 ③按时支付电费账单很重要，因为逾期支付可能会影响你的信用。 It is important to pay your electricity bill on time，as late payment may affect your credit． apply vt. & vi.应用；申请；涂；有关 (教材原句)Scientific knowledge is an enabling power to do either good or bad—but it does not carry instructions on how to apply it. 科学知识赋予我们做好事或者坏事的能力，但它没有指导如何应用它。 (1) apply sth. to...　　 把某物应用于…… be applied to... 被应用于…… apply... to... 把……涂到……上 apply (to sb.) for... (向某人)申请…… apply to do sth. 申请做某事 apply to sb./sth. 适用于…… (2)application n. 申请，申请表；应用 applicant n. 申请人 applied adj. 应用的，实用的 [佳句背诵]　Later I decided to apply my previous experience to learning how to read and write. 我决定把我先前的经验应用到学习如何读和写上。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①Before you travel to foreign country，you should apply for a passport. ②We plan to apply what we would learn in class to our lives. 学生用书第114页 ③I was chosen from hundreds of applicants (apply) to attend the opening ceremony. ◎能力提升——微写作 ④这项新技术已被应用于农业，有助于提高农业生产。 The new technology has been applied to farming，which helps increase agricultural production. [语境串记]　Any applicant who would like to apply to become an assistant in our company should send us an application before May 10，2023. 任何申请人想要申请成为我公司的助手，应当在2023年5月10日之前发送申请表。 permit vt. & vi.允许，准许，许可；使有可能n.许可证 (教材原句)Permit us to question—to doubt—to not be sure. 允许我们质疑、怀疑、不确定。 (1)permit sb. to do sth.　 允许某人做某事 permit (doing)sth. 允许(做)某事 (2)permission n. 允许；许可；同意 ask sb. for permission＝ask permission from sb. 请求某人许可 with/without (one’s)permission 得到/未经(某人的)允许 [佳句背诵]　No one is permitted to go into the building at present. 现在不允许任何人进入这座大楼。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①The rules of the club don’t permit smoking (smoke). ②The party will be held in the garden，weather permitting (permit). ③You are not allowed to camp here without permission (permit). ◎能力提升——微写作 ④如果天气允许，午饭时尽量出去散散步。 Try to go out for a walk at lunchtime，if the weather permits． [语境串记]　Strangers are not permitted to enter the school during the lockdown periods without the president’s permission. 陌生人在学校封闭期间没有校长许可不允许进入学校。 responsibility n．责任，负责；职责，义务 (教材原句)It is our responsibility as scientists，knowing the great progress that is the fruit of freedom of thought，to declare the value of this freedom... 作为科学家，我们明白巨大进步源于思想自由，因此，我们有责任声明这一自由的价值…… (1)a sense of responsibility　　 责任感 take/have/bear/shoulder responsibility for... 对……负责 take on responsibilities 承担责任 It’s one’s responsibility to do sth. 某人有责任做某事 (2)responsible adj. 负责任的，对……负责的 be responsible for... 对……负责 [佳句背诵]　No one admitted responsibility for the attacks. 没有人对这些袭击负责。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①You have responsibility (responsible)for clearing up the classroom after class. ②It is their responsibility to ensure (ensure)that the rules are carried out. ③He takes the view that children are responsible for their own actions. 学生用书第115页 ◎能力提升——微写作 ④儿童时期的活动有助于培养孩子的责任感。 Childhood activities help a child develop a sense of responsibility． [语境串记]　We’ll be responsible for your safety and you need to take responsibility for your actions. 我们要为你的安全负责，你需要为你的行为负责。 declare vt.表明，宣称；公布，宣布；申报 (1)declare war on...　　　　 (向……)宣战 declare for/against... 声明支持/反对…… declare sb./sth. (to be)＋名词/形容词 宣布某人/某物为…… declare＋sth./＋that从句 宣布…… (2)declaration n. 宣告，宣布 [佳句背诵]　It was declared that the plane would not take off due to the bad weather. 广播说因为糟糕天气，这架飞机不会起飞。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ① Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene declared (declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business. ②It was meant to sound like an epoch-making declaration (declare). ◎能力提升——微写作 ③当主席正准备宣布大会开幕时，这时突然停电了。 The chairman was about to declare the meeting open when there was a power failure. 重点句型解构 it作形式宾语 (教材原句)Now，we scientists take it for granted that it is perfectly possible to live and not know. 现在，我们科学家理所当然地认为，人类生而有所不知是完全有可能的。 it作形式宾语，真正宾语为动词不定式、动词-ing形式、从句等，且在it后面有宾语补足语，即：动词＋it＋宾语补足语＋真正宾语。 (1)动词 (make/feel/find/consider/think等)＋it＋形容词或名词＋动词不定式 (2)动词＋介词＋it＋that从句 (3)动词＋it＋从句 能用于此结构的常见的动词有enjoy，hate，love，like，dislike，appreciate，prefer等。 [佳句背诵]　Some of us always take it for granted that our parents or grandparents should take care of us. 我们有些人总是想当然地认为父母和爷爷奶奶就应该照顾我们。 [名师点津]　take... for granted 后接that从句作宾语时，常用it作形式宾语，构成“take it for granted that... ”结构。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①Human beings took it for granted that their brains held all the solutions，but maybe their hearts can be a better guide. ②What’s worse，some drivers，cyclists and pedestrians do not think it vital to observe (observe) the traffic rules. ③We have come to take it for granted that we can’t live without cellphones. ◎能力提升——微写作 ④对于受邀来这演讲我感到很荣幸。 I felt it an honour to be invited to make a speech here. 学生用书第116页 维度一　单词拼写 1．The student union is run independently of college authorities (官方). 2．After the floods，the whole region was declared (宣告) a disaster area. 3．Those people’s ignorance (无知) led them into a serious mistake. 4．The death of the shopkeeper still remains a mystery (神秘事件). 5．It’s used to negate (否定) a statement of fact. 维度二　单句语法填空 1．Deeply involved (involve) in his book，he didn’t hear my knock. 2．To the credit of the students，I thought they responded well. 3．He also said the move was necessary and the morally (moral) correct thing to do. 4．The findings of the court will be published (publish) on Wednesday. 5．A lot of applications (apply) have been filed with the department. 维度三　完成句子 1．我们尽力把这项任务做好，因为我们不想让他失望。 We’ll try our best to do the task well，because we don’t want to let him down． 2．我只是想当然地认为他总是在身边。 I just took it for granted that he’d always be around. 3．我想提出三点建议以解决交通拥堵问题。 I’d like to put forward three suggestions to solve the problem of traffic jam. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $