Unit 4 SectionⅡ Starting out&Understanding ideas(Ⅱ)（教师版）-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册五维课堂同步复习（外研版）

SectionⅡ Starting out 新知。 [重点单词] L.forehead n.额，前额 2.blank adj.无表情的，木然的 3.dizzy adj..头晕目眩的 4.chairwoman n.女主席；女会长 5.sunrise n.日出（时分）；黎明；拂晓 6.potential n.(事物的)潜力，可能性 7.bugn.突然的兴趣，迷恋 8.input n.投入（物） 9.obstacle n.障碍，阻碍，妨碍 10.phase n.阶段，时期 11.cosmetics n.化妆品，美容品 12.purchase v.购买 13.bonus n.奖金；红利 14.entrepreneurial adj.创业的，具有创业精神的 l5.enterprising adj.有创业精神的；有事业心的；有 进取心的→enterprise n.公司；事业；创业：事业 心，创业精神 l6.manufacturer n.制造商；制造公司，制造厂→ manufacture vt..制造，生产；加工；从事制造n. 大量制造；批量生产 17.distribution n.(商品的)分销，经销>distribute .分发；配销；分配 18.guidance n.指导，引导→guide m.导游；指南ot. 带领；引导；为…领路 19.consultant m.顾问→consult v.咨询；商量；查阅 [重点短语] l.take a deep breath深呼吸 2.turn..into..…使…变成 3.end up最终成为 4.give sth.back to将某物归还，将某物送回 5.be bitten by sth..对某事物着迷，热衷于某事物 6.in the hope of...抱着…的希望 7.rush into(doing)sth.仓促行事，匆忙行事 8.access to..获得/使用的机会 [经典句式] They stared back,their blank faces giving no clue as to what they would 句式呈现 say next. 他们面无表情地凝视着她，让人根本看 不出他们接下来会说什么。 13 Unit 4 Everyday economics Understanding ideas(I) 点点突破 对应学生用书P73 句中their blank faces giving no clue为 句式分析 独立主格结构。 Weather permitting,we will go out for 佳句仿写 an outing. 如果天气允许，我们会出去远足。 Surrounded by roses as she was grow- ing up,she paid them little attention. 句式呈现 她从小到大，到处都是玫瑰，她很少注 意到它们。 本句是主从复合句。句中Surrounded 句式分析 by roses为过去分词短语作状语。 Seen from the top of the high build- ing,the park looks even more beauti- 佳句仿写 ful. 从高楼的顶部来看，这个公园看起来更 加美丽了。 It was only after graduating from uni- versity overseas and returning to visit her parents that Zhang realised the po- 句式呈现 tential. 直到她结束海外留学生活，回国看望父 母时，才意识到这里的潜力。 本句为Itis/was+被强调部分+ 句式分析 that..的强调句型结构。 It is our teacher who/that helps us make great progress. 佳句仿写 正是我们的老师帮助我们取得了巨大 的进步。 英语(WY)·选择性必修第四册 ● 要点 [词汇精讲] l.struggle vi..斗争；努力；挣扎n.斗争；努力；挣扎 (教材P38)Feeling dizzy,Zhang Yue took a deep breath as she struggled to finish her presenta- tion... 张悦感到一阵眩晕，做了个深呼吸，然后努力完成 她的陈述… ◆[佳句感知] He has been struggling to succeed in his business. =He has been struggling for success in his busi- ness. 为了事业成功，他一直努力奋斗着。 [知识积累] struggle for 为…而斗争 struggle with 与…斗争，与…并肩作战 struggle against 为反对…而斗争；与…斗争 struggle to do sth. 努力做某事 struggle to one's feet挣扎着站起来 ◆[学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 DWe should struggle to overcome (overcome) our shortcomings. 2Most of his adult life has been a losing strug- gle against/with debt and misfortune. 3In the wild,some animals have developed part- nerships to help in the struggle for survival. (2)句式升级 4Mary had struggled for months to find a job, and finally took a position at a local advertising agency. >Having struggled for months to find a job,Ma- ry finally took a position at a local advertising a- gency..(分词作状语)》 2.potential n.潜力；潜质；可能性adj.潜在的，可 能的 (教材P38)It was only after graduating from uni- versity overseas and returning to visit her parents that Zhang realised the potential. 直到她结束海外留学生活，回国看望父母时，才意 识到这里的潜力。 ·1 层层精析 对应学生用书P74 ◆[佳句感知] It's important to dig out a child's potential in crea- tion. 挖掘出一个孩子在创造方面的潜力是很重要的。 [知识积累] (I)have the potential to do sth.有做某事的潜力 realise sb.'s potential意识到某人的潜力/潜质 potential for(doing)sth.(做)某事的可能性 (2)potential customers潜在的客户 a potential source of conflict潜在的冲突根源 ◆[学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 DThe meeting has the potential to be(be)a turning point in history. 2The European excellent offers marketplace po- tential for increasing sales. (2)完成句子 3He has the potential to become a world-class musician. 他有潜力成为一名世界级的音乐家。 3.purchase v.购买n.购买，采购 (教材P39)After I went on TV,a major Asian manufacturer of cosmetics was willing to purchase my product and help with its distribution. 我上了电视后，一家亚洲大型化妆品制造商表示愿 意购买我的产品并且帮忙分销。 ◆[佳句感知] You can purchase the equipment from the local supplier. 你可以从当地的供应商处购买这种设备。 [知识积累] (1)purchase sth.from.,.从…处购买某物 (2)make a purchase采购 the purchase of sth.采购某物 ◆[学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 DSam made a purchase of potato chips and soda at the convenience store on his way home. 2The new couple spent some money on the pur- chase of the furniture necessary for their new house. 36 3What makes me excited is that tickets may be purchased(purchase)in advance from the box of- fice. (2)完成句子 4She worked all summer to save money for the purchase of a piano. 她整个夏天都在工作，为了存钱买一架钢琴。 4.distribution n.(商品)分销，经销，运销；分配，分布 (教材P39)After I went on TV,a major Asian manufacturer of cosmetics was willing to purchase my product and help with its distribution. 我上了电视后，一家亚洲大型化妆品制造商表示愿 意购买我的产品并且帮忙分销。 ◆[佳句感知] The government guaranteed the timely distribu- tion of food and medicines to the flood victims. 政府保证及时向遭受洪灾的灾民分发食品和药物。 [知识积累] distribute vt..分配，分发；分销；使分布 distribute...to... 把…分给… distribute...among.. 在…中分发… ◆[学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 DThis species of butterfly is widely distributed (distribute)all over our country 2Thousands of soldiers are working to distrib- ute food and blankets to the refugees. 3 Please distribute the examination papers a- mong the class. (2)完成句子 OThe prizes will be distributed among five win- ners. 奖品将在五名获胜者之间分发。 5.guidance n.指导；引导 (教材P39)Though she welcomes the new entre preneurial spirit,she advises that people be realis- tic and seek guidance from expert consultants be- fore rushing into things. 尽管她希望看到新的创业精神的涌现，但她也建议 他们要现实一些，在仓促行事之前先寻求专业顾问 的指导。 .18 Unit 4 Everyday economics ◆[佳句感知] I determined to study harder in return for your regular guidance. 我决定更努力地学习，以回报你的定期指导。 [知识积累 (1)under the guidance of-under sb's guidance 在某人的指导下 (2)guide n.导游；指南vt.带领；引导；为… 领路 a guide to... …的指南/入门书 guide sb.to/around/through... 带领某人 到/参观… ◆[学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 DThere is a guide to North American birds in the hall.If possible,please take it for me. 2All the activities take place under the guidance of an experienced tutor. (2)完成句子 3The guide guided us around the gallery,point- ing out the most famous painting in the collec- tion. 导游带领我们参观了画廊，指着收藏中最著名 的画。 DUnder the guidance of the professor,I finished my graduation paper ahead of time. 在教授的指导下，我提前完成了毕业论文。 [经典句式] 1.句式提炼：独立主格结构 P38)They stared back,their blank faces giv- ing no clue as to what they would say next. 他们面无表情地凝视着她，让人根本看不出他们接 下来会说什么。 [句式分析]本句中，“their blank faces giving no clue..”为独立主格结构，在句中做状语，其结构 为“名词十现在分词”。 ◆[佳句感知] “But I have cheated my grandmother,”said she, tears of guilt flowing down her cheeks. 她说：“可是我已经欺骗了我奶奶”，脸颊上流下了 内疚的泪水。 英语(WY)·选择性必修第四册 [知识积累] 独立主格结构的用法： 独立主格结构的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致， 它独立存在。该结构在句中一般作状语，表示时 间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。常见的独立主格 结构： 「名词 名词/代词十{形容词/副词/介词短语 现在分词/过去分词/不定式 汇名师点津]独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的 主语不同，它常在句中作状语，与with复合结构的 作用相同。 ◆[学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 DSo much homework to do (do),I have to stay at home instead of going shopping with my friends. 2The guide leading (lead)the way,we had no trouble getting out of the forest. 3Her glasses broken (break),she couldn't see any words on the blackboard. (2)完成句子/句式升级 4Tom threw himself into his mother's arms, tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in his eyes. 汤姆扑倒在他母亲的怀里，羞愧和尴尬的汨水在 他的眼中涌出。 5He was listening attentively in class,and his eyes were fixed on the blackboard. -He was listening attentively in class,his eyes fixed on the blackboard..(独立主格结构) 2.句式提炼：“It+is/was十被强调部分+that..” 的强调句型 (教材P38)It was only after graduating from uni- versity overseas and returning to visit her parents that Zhang realised the potential. 直到她结束海外留学生活，回国看望父母时，才意 识到这里的潜力。 [句式分析]本句为“It+is/was+被强调部分+ that..”的强调句型。其被强调部分为only after graduating from university overseas and returning to visit her parents. ·18 ◆[佳句感知] It is with your generous help that I firmly believe that I will adapt to the college life as soon as possible. 正是在你的慷慨帮助下，我坚信我会很快适应大学 生活的。 [知识积累] 强调句型的基本结构为“It十is/was十被强调部 分十that/who十其他”该句型可对主语、宾语、状 语等进行强调，但不能强调谓语和定语。 (1)强调句的基本句型：Itis/was+被强调部分+ that/who十句子其他部分。 (2)强调句的一般疑问句：Is/Was it十被强调部 分+that/who+句子其他部分。 (3)强调句的特殊疑问句：疑间词（被强调部分）十 is/was+it+that+句子其他部分。 (4)not..until.,结构的强调句型：Itis/was not until...that... 汇名师点津](1)记住句式结构，不管强调人或物 都可用that;强调人时可用who。 (2)强调句与定语从句的区别：强调句的特点：去掉 itis/was和that/who后句子结构完整，意义清楚。 :时间、地点状语前是否有介词是判断这两种句式的 关键。例如： It was in the shop that I met an old friend of mine.（强调句型) It was the shop where I met an old friend of mine.（定语从句) ◆[学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 DIt was only when the car pulled up in front of our house that we saw a lady sitting in the pas- senger seat. 2It was my sister who/that helped me out when I was in trouble. (2)佳句写作/句式升级 3We believe that it is by making use of recycla- ble garbage that we can save resources and pro- tect the environment. 我们相信正是通过利用可循环利用的垃圾，我们 能够节省资源，保护环境。 DAlthough the present isn't worth much,I value it very much.From my point of view/In my view,it's the love contained in it that really counts. 尽管这个礼物不值钱，但我非常珍惜它。在我看 来真正重要的是其中所包含的爱。（续写升华） 5I didn't realize knowledge is valuable until I had another failure in my job-seeking. 课后。 [基础检测] I.单词拼写 1.Steam,water and ice make up the three phases( 段)of the same matter. 2.The new supermarket announced that the first to purchase(购买)goods on the opening day shall get a big prize. 3.I had to change my attitude about their ability and potential(潜力). 4.She kissed the baby on its forehead (with her cold white lips. 5.She became so dizzy(头晕目眩的)and she had to be hospitalized. 6.My mind was blank(木然的)and I couldn'tre member her name. 7.She was rewarded for her efforts with a cash bo- nus(奖金). 8.A lack of qualifications can be a major obstacle( 碍)to finding a job. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1.This is a place where roses grow wild. 2.She is not the only young person to have(have) been bitten by the start-up bug. 3.Lead is potentially potential damaging to children's health. 4.Career counsellors offer impartial advice,guidance (guide)and information to all pupils. 5.A consultant consult)doctor yesterday said health service problems are worse in the North of England. 6.Some enterprising (enterprise)members found ways of reducing their expenses or raising their incomes. 7.Please remain seated(seat)until the aircraft has come to a halt. 8.The map shows the distribution (distribute)of this species across the world. ·13 Unit 4 Everyday economics >Not until I had another failure in my job-see- king did I realize knowledge is valuable.(用倒装 句升级) It was not until I had another failure in my job- seeking that I realized knowledge is valuable. 强调句升级) 素养提升 对应学生课时P43 9.Feeling(feel)dizzy,he took a deep breath. 10.You could end up running(run)this company if you play your cards right. Ⅲ.选词填空 meet with,as to,be bitten by the bug,a world away from,contribute to,in the hope of,row upon row, start out 1.She was never interested in fitness before but now she 2.No one has come up with a definitive answer why this should be so. 3.The tiny house where he was born was his new luxurious house. 4.The city has changed greatly;there are of skyscrapers. 5.The company with 30 employees. 6.This paper analyses the causes of some errors improving students'ability of English writing. 7.My schedule is quite flexible.I can arrange you any day next week. 8.Relaxing by whatever method that suits you best is a positive way of your good health. 答案：l.is bitten by the bug2.asto3.a world a- way from 4.row upon row 5.started out 6.in the hope of 7.to meet with 8.contributing to V.完成句子 1.人们往往会怀疑用相对低的价格购买的画作是不 是真品。（过去分词作后置定语；purchase) People tend to doubt whether the paintings are authentic. 2.因为这是他自公司成立后的第一笔交易，他既紧张 又兴奋。（独立主格结构） he is nerv- ous and excited. 9 英语(WY)·选择性必修第四册 3.正是在他读了这些文件之后，他才意识到这个任务 极难完成。（强调句） he realized the task was extremely difficult to complete. 4.如果你想同时做很多事，那么你有可能最终一件事 也没做成。(end up) If you want to do many things at the same time, you will probably 5.手机支付十分便捷，那就是为什么现在越来越少的 人使用现金。(that is why..) It's very convenient to pay by mobile phone,and 6.真正重要的是我们每个人都有自己的梦想、目标和 渴望。(matter;名词性从句) that we all have our own dreams,goals and desires. 答案：l.purchased at a relatively low price 2.This being his first deal after the company was founded 3.It was after he read these documents that 4.end up achieving nothing 5.that is why fewer and fewer people use cash nowa- days 6.What really matters is [能力提升] I.完形填空 I wasn't prepared for the way I felt when my 18-year-old son,Dylan,left for Asia during his win- ter break. I was 1 the moment he first told my hus- band Michael and me that he wanted to use some of his 2 to travel around China.We were excited for him to explore the world.We told him that trave- ling was one of the best ways to spend his money and the 3 would last a lifetime. On the morning of Dylan's departure,he put a few more things into his bag.Before he and Michael 4 to the airport,I yelled,"Be safe,and 5 _when you arrive in Shanghai. That night while he was flying somewhere over the Pacific Ocean,it hit me that Dylan was really on his 6.I woke hourly,each time 7 the clock and counting the hours before he would land the following morning.8 my decision to let him go alone,I prayed and thought about all the ·1 things that could go 9 Then I heard for him. The first text said he'd arrived.The second text said his luggage didn't make it. Feeling anxious,I madly attempted to 10 his luggage.To search for lost baggage,I persuaded him to go back to the airport and suggested he go to the airline's office.My efforts 11.All the while Dylan was texting me he was all right. After that,there was no more 12 about lost luggage.I knew that he'd figure it out,and that the life lesson would be 13 After several days into the trip,Dylan sent a photo from Hong Kong."I thought I could never study abroad anywhere but Europe,14 I could definitely do it here,his note read. And I was 15. 1.A.thrilled B.worried C.eager D.upset 2.A.skills B.savings C.relations D.friends 3.A.costs B.virtues C.items D.memories 4.A.gave off B.saw off C.pulled away D.ran away 5.A.write B.call C.text D.email 6.A.behalf B.feet C.mind D.own 7.A.mending B.checking C.setting D.winding 8.A.Convincing B.Doubting C.Admitting D.Denying 9.A.wrong B.wild C.smooth D.bad 10.A.bring down B.turn down C.settle down D.track down 11.A.failed B.worked C.paid D.lost 12.A.presentation B.talk C.appearance D.rumor 13.A.awful B.unbearable C.deep D.worthless 14.A.or B.so C.and D.but 15.A.in despair B.at a loss C.at peace D.in reality 0 [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了儿子 独自一人去中国旅行的经历，虽然出了点事，但却学 到了一些东西，从而让作者感到安心。 1.A[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：迪伦第一次告 诉我丈夫和我想用他的一些节省的钱来环游中国， 那一刻我很激动。thrilled非常兴奋的，极为激动 的；worried担忧的，担心的；eager渴望的，热切的； upset悲伤的。第2和第3小题中间有提示“We were excited for him to explore the world." thrilled和excited是同义词复现。故选A。] 2.B[考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。skl技巧， 技能；savings储蓄；relations关系；friends朋友。 出去旅行就是花钱的，分析四个选项只有saving储 蓄，故选B] 3.D[考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们告诉他，旅行 是使用他的钱的最好方式之一，而且记忆将持续终 生。costs费用，成本；virtue美德，德行；items条 目，物质项目；memories记忆。分析语境可知，旅 行中的许多事，会让我们一生记忆的。故选D。] 4.C[考查动词短语辨析。句意：在他和Michael一 起驾车去机场之前，我大声喊道：“一定要注意安 全，到了上海发信息给我。”give off发出；放出；saw off送行；pulled away(车)开动；ran away逃跑。根 据下文的to the airport可推断，儿子和丈夫离开 家，开车去机场。故选C。] 5.C[考查动词词义辨析。句意：到了上海发信息给 我。write写信；call打电话；text发短信，发讯息； email邮件。因为下文“The first text.,The sec- ond text'”可知是发信息。故选C,] 6.D[考查短语辨析。句意：我突然想到迪伦真的 是独自一个人。on behalf of代表；on foot步行；on one's mind在心中；on one'sown独自地；独立地。 on one'sown,固定短语，“独立地，独自地”，根据上 文可知，儿子是独自旅行。故选D。] 7.B[考查动词词义辨析。句意：我每小时醒来一 次。看一下钟，数着第二天早上他着陆前的时间。 mend修理；check检查，核对；see看见；wind给 …上发条。分析句子可知是儿子在外旅行，做母亲 的不时地核对时间看是否飞机着陆了。故选B。] 8.B[考查动词词义辨析。句意：我怀疑我让他一个 人去旅行的决定（是否正确），我祈祷着，想着所有 可能出错的事情。convince说服，使相信；doubt怀 疑；admit承认；deny否认。分析语境可知，我想象 ·1 Unit 4 Everyday economics 是否可能会出事，故怀疑自己让他独自去的决定， 而且后面的行李的丢失，也说明作者的预感有不好 的事发生。故选B。] 9.A[考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。go wrong出 错，出事，有问题；go wild发狂；go smooth顺利；go bad (某物)坏了。分析语境可知作者担心儿子在外会出 事，而且后面的“行李的丢失”就是提示，故选A。] 10.D[考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感到焦虑，发 疯似地试图追踪他的行李到哪了。bring down降 价；turn down拒绝；settle down定居，使安定下 来；track down追寻。分析语境可知是，行李丢 了，因此追踪行李的地点，寻找丢失的行李，故 选D。] 11.A[考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的努力失败 了。fail失败；work起作用；pay付出，付款；lose 丢失，迷失。根据空后一句“All the while Dylan was texting me he was all right..”可知，Dylan用 短信告诉“我”，他一切都好。据此可知，他会自己 解决好行李问题，由此可以判断，“我”的努力没有 起作用。fail“失败”，符合语境。故选A。] 12.B[考查名词词义辨析。句意：那之后，再没有谈 论丢失的行李。presentation陈述，报；talk谈论； appearance出现；rumor谣传，传说。根据下文中 的“I knew that he'd figure it out'”可知，“我”知道 他会自己解决好行李问题。据此可以判断，在此 之后就没有关于行李问题的讨论了。talk about 固定短语“谈论某事/人，谈到某事/某人”。故 选B。] 13.C[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道他会明 白的，生活的教训会很深刻的。awful糟糕的，可 怕的；unbearable难以忍受的，经受不住的；deep 深的，深远的；worthless无价值的，不值钱的。根 据儿子独自旅行时自己解决行李丢失的问题可 知，我知道这一人生课程会是非常深刻的。故 选C。] 14.D[考查连词词义辨析。句意：旅行了几天之 后，迪伦从香港发了一张照片，上面写道“我以为 除了欧洲以外，我不愿出国到任何地方学习，但我 肯定能在这里学习，”or或者；so因此；and并且； but但是。由句意可知前后两句是转折，要用 but,故选D。 英语(WY)·选择性必修第四册 15.C[考查介词短语辨析。句意：我平静下来。in despair绝望地；at a loss不知所措，困惑；at peace 处于和平状态，处于平静的状态；in reality实际 上，事实上。根据上文可知，数天后Dylan从香港 发来了照片，并考虑在那里留学。据此可以判断， 得到此消息后，我平静了下来。故选C。] Ⅱ.语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入正确的关系词。 More than 70 percent of king penguins could 1 (wipe)out by rising ocean temperatures,ac- cording to a recent survey. Their total population of 1.6 million today could be reduced by more than 1.1 million by 2100. 2,many people are optimistic because these statistics show that the birds are not endangered at present.3(rate)as“of least concern”,they occupy the lowest category of extinction risk. But that could change as their fish 4 (sup- ply)move further into the Southern Ocean,where there is only a 5 (hand)of islands to provide a home for the birds. King penguins require remote islands 6 are not too cold,have no winter sea ice and no fierce animals.If they have to swim more than 435 miles on a round trip to hunt for fish,their waiting children can starve to death as their fat reserves become steadily 7 (few).It can take a parent three months 8 (deliver)fish to its young. The scientists,from the University of Stras- bourg in France,whose study 9 (publish)in the journal Nature Climate Change so far,warn that the effects of fish population moving further south could give rise 10 a large population crash of the penguins. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。据一项研究调查 表明，超过70%的帝企鹅会因海洋温度上升而灭绝。 l.be wiped[考查动词的语态。此空和could一起 构成句子的谓语，主语More than70 percent of king penguins和动词短语wipe out之间是逻辑上 的被动关系，应用被动语态(be done),could十动词 原形，应用be wiped。故填be wiped。.] ·1 2.However[考查副词。句意：然而，很多人对此持 乐观态度，因为这些统计数据显示，目前这些鸟类 还没有濒危。根据句意可知，上下文是转折关系， 应用副词However,首字母大写。故填Howev- er。J 3.Rated[考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词oc- cupy且无连词，此空用非谓语形式，主语they和动 词rate是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词表被 动，作状语，首字母大写。故填Rated。] 4.supplies[考查名词的单复数。as后面接了一个 时间状语从句，此处用名词形式作句子的主语，句 子时态为一般现在时，由谓语动词move判断主语 是复数形式，fish supplies,意为“鱼类供给”。故填 supplies。] 5.handful[考查名词。固定搭配a handful of sth. (少数…)，名词handful(一把的量)。故填hand- ful。] 6.that/which[考查定语从句。此句是定语从句， 先行词是remote islands,指物，在从句中作主语， 应用关系代词that/which.。故填that/which。] 7.fewer[考查形容词比较级。句意：如果它们要游 超过435英里的往返行程来捕鱼，它们等待的孩子 可能会饿死，随着它们的脂肪储备越来越少。此空 用形容词作系动词become的表语，意为“越来越 少”，应用形容词比较级fewer。故填fewer] 8.to deliver[考查动词不定式。固定句型It take (s)sb.some time to do sth.,意为“做某事花费某 人多少时间”，It是形式主语，动词不定式是真正主 语。故填to deliver。.] 9.has been published[考查动词的时态和语态。 whose引导非限制性定语从句，此空缺乏谓语，so far(目前)是现在完成时的标志，主语study和动词 publish是被动关系，应用被动语态，本句时态用现 在完成时的被动语态(has/have been done),主语 study是单数，应用has been published。故填has been published.] 10.to[考查介词。固定搭配give rise to..(引起/ 导致…)，应用介词t0。故填t0。] 2