Unit 4 SectionⅠ Starting out&Understanding ideas(Ⅰ)（教师版）-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册五维课堂同步复习（外研版）

Unit 4 Everyday economics Unit 4 Everyday economics 主题：（人与社会）了解经济发展趋势 单元。新知预览 对应学生用书P68 [重难预知] forehead,blank,dizzy,chairwoman,sunrise,potential,bug,input,obstacle,phase,cosmetics,pur- 核心 chase,bonus,entrepreneurial,enterprising,manufacturer,distribution,guidance,consultant,todd- 单词 ler,hire,thereby,expense,abuse,purse,sorrow,frustration,supervision,theft take a deep breath,turn...into...,end up,give sth.back to,be bitten by sth.,in the hope of..., 核心 rush into(doing)sth.,access to...,be beneficial to,set up,take on,take off,rent out,cut down 短语 (on),take advantage of,at the expense of 1.独立主格结构 2.过去分词短语作状语 重点 3.Itis/was十被强调部分+that..的强调句型 句型 4.“祈使句+or/and+陈述句”结构 5.whether..or..引导让步状语从句 单元语法 定语从句 写作任务 议论文 [读图搽新] port from more experienced people,such as invest- Look at the following pictures and answer the follow- ment and guidance. ing questions. 2.Have you ever thought about starting your own business?Give your reasons? SUCCESS Yes,because I can experience the freedom of be- ing my own boss just like some famous business- 1.What do you think contributes to one's success? men and I can apply what I have learnt to prac- His sound plan,passion and devotion.The sup- tice. ·127· 英语(WY)·选择性必修第四册 Section I Starting out Understanding ideas(I) 课文。助读翻译 对应学生用书P69 注解助读 原文呈现 参考译文 创业之花 Business Blossoms 1.发言时，张悦把手藏 ①forehead n.额，前额 1 As she spoke,Zhang Yue put her hands behind her 在背后，以掩饰双手的 ②partly adv.部分地，一定程 back to hide that they were shaking.She couldn't, 颤抖。但她无法掩饰 度上 however,hide the line of sweat running down her 从额头淌下的一行汗 ③blank adj..[熟词生义] forehead(①，which was caused partly②by the heat of 水。这一部分是由于 无表情的，木然的 the television studio,but more by fear of the four peo- 电视演播室里有些热， ④clue n.线索；提示 ple seated in front of her.]They stared back,their 但更多的则是由于她 ⑤dizzy adj.头晕目眩的 blank3 faces giving no clued as to what they would 害怕坐在她面前的四 ⑥take a deep breath深呼吸 say next[2].Feeling dizzy5,Zhang Yue took a deep 个人。他们面无表情 ⑦struggle n.奋斗，努力， breath6 as she struggled to finish her presentation, 地凝视着她，让人根本 争取 "And that is why I need your help in turning my new 看不出他们接下来会 struggle to do sth..努力做 and exciting business into8 a successful one. 说什么。张悦感到一 某事 [1]本句包含which引导的非限制性定语从句，which 阵眩晕，做了个深呼 struggle for...为…奋斗 在从句中作主语；句中的“running down her forehead” 吸，然后努力完成她的 陈述，“这就是为什么 ⑧turn..into..使…变 为v.-ing短语作后置宾语，修饰sweat。 我需要你们的帮助，使 成… [2]本句中的“their blank faces giving no clue as to 这个全新的、激动人心 ⑨chairwoman n.女主席，女 what they would say next'”为独立主格结构，表示伴随 的创业项目获得 会长 的动作，v.-ing短语的逻辑主语是their blank faces;句 成功。” ⑩row upon row of..一排 中的what they would say next为what引导的宾语从 2.张悦现在是自己公 排的… 句，作asto的宾语。 司的总裁，她总喜欢 ①delicate adj..脆弱的；精美2 Now chairwoman(⑨of her own company,Zhang Yue 说：“早起的鸟儿有虫 的；（颜色）柔和的 is fond of saying,"The early bird catches the worm." 吃。”她创业的地点在 ②end up最终成为 The place where this happens is a valley,a world a- 一个山谷里，这是一个 end up doing sth.以做某事 way from any television studio [3].Moving carefully 远离任何电视演播室 告终 through the darkness,she passes row upon row of⑩的世界。她小心地在 ®potential n.(事物的)潜rose plants.In an hour,these fields will be full of peo- 黑暗中穿行，经过一排 力，可能性 ple,working quickly to pick the flowers before sun- 又一排的玫瑰植株。 @grow wild(植物)自发生 rise.“It has to be done then,”says Zhang.“These 一小时后就会有许多 长，野生 flowers are delicate(①.” 人来到这里，趁着日出 ⑤give sth.back to将某物归 [3]本句是主从复合句，其中包含where引导的定语从 前的时间快速采摘玫 瑰花。“必须在那个时 还，将某物送回 句，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语；a world a 候采。”张悦说，“这些 way from any television studio是valley的同位语。 花是很娇嫩的。” ·128· Unit 4 Everyday economics 3 Zhang never thought that this was something she3.张悦以前从未想过 would end up 12 doing.Surrounded by roses as she was 自己会做这一行。她 从小到大，到处都是玫 ⑥be bitten by sth.对某事物 growing up[4],she paid them little attention.It was 瑰，她很少注意到它 着迷，热衷于某事物 only after graduating from university overseas and re- 们。直到她结束海外 ⑦the start--up bug创业狂热 turning to visit her parents that Zhang realised the po- 留学生活，回国看望父 bugn.突然的兴趣，迷恋 tential®[5].“Conditions are ideal here,”she says.. 母时，才意识到这里的 ⑧enterprising adj.有创业精 “This is a place where roses grow wild④.” 潜力。“这里的条件非 神的；有事业心的；有进取 [4]画线部分为过去分词结构作原因状语，其中包含了 常理想。”她说，“这里 心的 适合玫瑰自然生长。” as引导的时间状语从句。 9in the hope of...抱着… 4.因此，张悦决定回到 [5]本句为强调句，强调时间状语only after gradua- 家乡，开始种植玫瑰， 的希望 ting,...her parents. 这让很多人感到惊讶」 四passion n.强烈情感，激情： 4 Zhang therefore decided to return to her home town “我想体验自己当老板 酷爱 的自由。”她说，“同时 ①meet with rejection遭到拒 and grow roses,which surprised many people."I wan- 我也想回报我的家 绝 ted to experience the freedom of being my own boss, 乡。”有句话说得好： rejection n.拒绝接受，否决； she said.“But I also wanted to give something back to“养育一个孩子需要整 拒绝 15 my home town.As people say,"It takes a village to 个村庄的力量。” 5.她并不是唯一一个 ②all-important input极重要 raise a child.”[6] 被创业所吸引的年轻 的投入 [6]本句是一个主从复合句。As引导非限制性定语从 人。在世界各地，经济 all-important adj.极重要的 句，As指代主句的内容；It takes..child中，It为形式的不断增长创造了更 input.投人（物） 主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语to raise a child。 多的机会，越来越多有 ②entrepreneur n. 创业者， 5 She is not the only young person to have been bitten 事业心的年轻人开始 企业家 考虑自己创业。像张 by16 the start-up bug1.All over the world,an in- entrepreneurial adj.具有创 悦一样，他们表达自己 业精神的，创业的 creasing number of enterprising(⑧young people are的想法，希望以此获得 thinking of starting their own businesses,as the投资和建议。而且，他 ④obstacle n.障碍，阻碍， 妨碍 growing economy creates more opportunities.Like们也拥有同样的热情 和为事业奉献的决心。 obstacle to(doing)sth.( Zhang,they present their ideas in the hope of 19 get- 他们中的大多数会遭 某事的障碍 ting investment and advice,and they have the same 到拒绝，但包括张悦在 ⑤nurse v.[熟词生义]培育， passion and devotion.The majority meet with rejec- 内的少数人会非常幸 培养，悉心照料 tion@.Afew,like Zhang Yue,find themselves lucky运地获得投资，并从更 四at the initial phase在初始 enough to get investment and the all-important input 有经验的商界人士那 阶段 里获得非常关键的投 and support from more experienced business people. 入和支持。不过他们 phase n.阶段，时期 The road to their success is however still a long and 的成功之路仍然漫长 difficult one,with many challenges along the way[7]. 而艰难，一路上会遇到 [7]画线部分为with复合结构作状语。 许多挑战。 ·129· 英语(WY)·选择性必修第四册 6 As someone who grew up in the country,Zhang 6.作为一个在农村长大的 ②@multi--million数百万的 already knew about growing plants.However, 人，张悦已经比较了解作物 [构词法] multi-常用于构 like any entrepreneur who was just starting 种植。不过，跟所有刚起步 out,she still had a lot to learn.She has overcome 成名词和形容词，表示“多个， 的企业家一样，她要学的还 a number of obstacles in nursing her business 许多”。常见的词还有multi- to the success it is today[8]."The biggest chal- 有很多。为了取得今天的 成就，她精心打理生意，克 cultural(多元文化的)，multi- lenge at the initial phase was to persuade people 服了许多障碍。“在初始阶 media(多媒体的)，（跨国的） to work for me,which was totally outside my ex- 段，最大的挑战就是说服人 multinational perience.Few in the village believed I could create 们来为我工作，这完全超出 a multipurposet(多用途的)。 multi-million⑦yuan business from flowers,” 了我的经验范围。村里几 says Zhang."After I went on TV,a major Asian ⑧manufacturer n.制造商；制 乎没人相信我能从花卉生 manufacturer of cosmetics was willing to pur- 意中赚到几百万元。”张悦 造公司，制造厂 chase my product and help with its distribution 说，“我上了电视后，一家亚 四purchase n.购买，采购 30.It was only then that the locals began to be- 洲大型化妆品制造商表示 ①distribution n.[熟词生义] lieve me[9].Now my product is one of the best in 愿意购买我的产品并且帮 Asia.This year,I can pay all my fellow workers a (商品的)分销，经销 忙分销。直到那时本地人 decent(①bonus2.” ①decent adj.相当不错的 才开始相信我。现在我提 [8]画线部分是省略了关系词that/which的定语 供的是亚洲最好的产品之 @bonus n.奖金，红利 从句，关系词在从句中作表语。 一。今年，我可以给我的同 ②welcome vt.[熟词生义] [9]本句是一个强调句，强调时间状语only then, 事们发一笔丰厚的奖 乐意接纳，欣然接受 7 Seeing her peers who also dream of success and 金了。” independence,Zhang has mixed feelings.Though ④seek guidance寻求指导 7.看到同龄人也梦想着成 she welcomes the new entrepreneurial spirit,she guidance n.指导，引导；导航 功和独立，张悦的心情很复 advises that people be realistic and seek guidance 杂。尽管她希望看到新的 ⑤consultant n.顾问 ③④from expert consultants⑤before rushing into 创业精神的涌现，但她也建 consult vt.&.vi.咨询，请教 things[10]. 议他们要现实一些，在仓促 rush into(doing)sth.仓促 [10]画线部分包含that引导的宾语从句，作advi 行事之前先寻求专业顾问 ses的宾语。此处advise表示“建议”，故其后所跟 行事，匆忙行事 的指导。 的宾语从句应使用虚拟语气，即谓语动词使用 ⑦sound adj.合理的，明智 8.“我热爱经营自己的生 “(should-+)动词原形”的形式。 意，但不是每个人都适合做 的，正确的 8"I love running my own business,but it's not ⑧access to..获得/使用的 for everyone,”says Zhang..“To succeed in busi- 这个。”张悦说，“要想在事 业上取得成功，你需要的不 机会 ness,you need more than a good idea,hard work 仅仅是好的理念、勤奋和决 and determination.What really matters[11]is a access n.(使用或见到的)机 心。真正重要的是一个合 sound business plan,access to capital,and 会；通道 理的商业计划，获得资金的 good management and negotiating 40 skills.Most 渠道，以及良好的管理和谈 capital n. of all,don't be too ambitious.You should know 判技巧。最重要的是，不要 [熟词生义] 资金，资本 your own limits and those of the people you work 野心太大。你得知道自己 ①negotiating skills谈判 with.For young people who have little life experi- 的极限，还有与你共事的人 ence,that can be a challenge. 技巧 的极限。对于缺乏生活经 [11]画线部分为What引导的主语从句，这样的结 negotiate vi..谈判 验的年轻人来说，这可能是 构可以避免“头重脚轻”，也能让语言表达更加简 个挑战。” 洁、清晰，同时还有强调主语的功能。 ·130· Unit 4 Everyday economics 课文。篇章理解 对应学生用书P72 ● I.Reading for main idea B.To pick the flowers before sunrise,you need to Read the passage quickly and choose the best an- get up early. swer. C.To make a success of the business,you need to What is the main idea of this text? face many challenges. A.Not everyone is fit for starting his own business. D.To become a successful entrepreneur,you need B.Zhang Yue's experience in starting her own busi- to learn as much as possible. ness. 2.Why did Zhang Yue decide to return to her home C.It's a trend for the young generation to start their town after graduation? own businesses. A.To take care of her parents. D.Zhang Yue finds the potential for growing roses B.To help her parents grow roses. in her home town. C.To surprise local villagers. 答案：B D.To start a business to benefit her home town. I.Read for structure 3.What is the biggest challenge at the original stage General of Zhang Yue's business? situation of One of the best 1. prod- A.To persuade people to work for her business. the compa- ucts in Asia. B.To get investment and the all-important input. ny C.To get support from more experienced business Ideal conditions for growing roses people. Reasons experiencing the 2. of be- D.To know her own limits and those of the people for starting ing her own boss and giving some- she works with. a business thing 3. to her home 4.Which words can best describe Zhang Yue? town. A.Nervous and humourous. Getting 4. and advice and B.Determined and enterprising. Challenges persuading people to 5. for C.Concerned and grateful. her. D.Realistic and pessimistic. 答案：1-4ADAB You need a good idea,hard work,6. V.Post-reading a sound business plan,7. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号 Advice for and good management 内单词的适当形式。 young en- and negotiating skills. Surrounded by roses as she was growing up, trepreneurs Don't be too 8. Know Zhang Yue paid them little attention.It was only af- your own 9. and those of ter 1 (graduate)from university overseas and the people you work with. returning to visit her parents that Zhang realised the 答案：l.rose2.freedom potential and decided to return to her home town and 3.back 4.investment 5.work 6.determination 7.access to capital grow roses,2 surprised many people."I wanted 8.ambitious 9.limits to experience the freedom of being 3 (I)own Ⅲ.Read for the details boss,”she said..“But I also wanted to give some- Read the passage carefully and choose the best an- thing back to my home town."The road to success is a long and difficult one,with many 4 (chal- swers. 1.What does the saying imply in Paragraph 2? lenge)along the way.The 5(big)challenge at A.To succeed,you have to seize the opportunity the initial phase was to persuade people to work for her company,which was totally outside her experi- and act early. ence.She 6 (overcome)a number of obstacles in ·131· 英语(WY)·选择性必修第四册 nursing her business to the success it is today.Now nation.What 10 (real)matters is a sound busi- her product is one of the best in Asia.This year, ness plan,access to capital,and good management she can pay all her fellow workers 7 decent bo- and negotiating skills.You should know your own nus.Though she welcomes the new entrepreneurial limits and those of the people you work with,says spirit,she advises that people be realistic and 8 Zhang. (seek)guidance from expert consultants before rus- 答案：l.graduating2.which3.my4.challenges hing into things."9 (succeed)in business,you 5.biggest 6.has overcome 7.a 8.(should) need more than a good idea,hard work and determi- seek 9.To succeed 10.really 课后。素养提升 对应学生课时P41 [主题阅读] The workforce is becoming more advanced and 1.阅读理解 educated by the day.You have to keep learning and A keep up with industry trends to maintain a competi- Last year,the Bureau of Labor Statistics repor- tive edge.This is true even for people in traditional ted that 55 million people in the U.S.are "gig work- office settings,but it's critical if you're your own ers"which is more than 35 percent of the U.S. boss. workforce.That number is projected to jump to 43 1.What made the gig life a reality? percent by 2020. A.Greater work-life balance. People are drawn to gig work(零工)because it B.New technologies. brings in a little extra income without a major time C.A little extra money. commitment.And recent technologies like Skype, D.Maximum freedom. Slack,and Dropbox have made the gig life a reality, 2.What does the underlined phrase "breathing down giving you maximum freedom,an ideal work-life your neck"in Paragraph 3 mean? balance,and the chance to pursue your passions. A.Making you unable to breathe freely. If you're thinking of joining the gig economy, B.Standing very close behind you. it's never been easier.One of the great things about C.Threatening you by saying something. the gig economy is that you don't have a boss D.Monitoring you closely. breathing down your neck.As a freelancer,you no 3.What can we infer from the last but one para- longer have to cater to a company culture or work graph? schedule that might cause physical or emotional A.Employers should invest in training the tempo- stress.Instead,you get to choose the type of work rary workers. you do and who you work with.But this degree of freedom requires a corresponding amount of disci- B.Gig workers start their jobs out of passion. pline.With no boss to make sure you're on task,it's C.It's hard for employers to employ people for all on you. higher positions. A lot of gig workers start their careers by D.It's hard for gig workers to develop skills. hopping on a project because the employer is desper- 4.Which of the following can be the best title for the ate and in need of help.On the employer's end,it's text? tough to take on people for higher management posi- A.The Strengths and Weaknesses of the Gig E- tions when the pool of talent is full of gig workers conomy who haven't been given an opportunity to improve B.The Challenges of the Gig Economy their skills.Businesses have to evolve to learn how C.The Increase of the Gig Economy to account for an influx()of temporary work- D.The Reason for the Gig Economy ers.It is harder for gig workers to become skilled [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 and get promoted. 零工经济的优势和劣势。 ·132· Unit 4 Everyday economics l.B[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“And recent most 24 hours a day.Nearly two-thirds say they of- technologies like Skype,Slack,and Dropbox have ten check work emails just before they go to bed and made the gig life a reality”可知，是新的技术使它 as soon as they wake up,while over a third have re- 成为现实的。故选B项。] plied to one in the middle of the night.The average 2.D[词义猜测题。根据第三段内容尤其该段最后 time for first checking emails is between 6 a.m and 7 一句“With no boss to make sure you're on task, a.m,with more than a third checking their first it's all on you.”可知，没有老板能确保你完成任 email in the period,and a quarter checking them be- 务，一切都由你来决定。由此可推知，第三段中划 tween 11 p.m.and midnight. 线短语“breathing down your neck”意为“密切监视 Ghadi Hobeika,marketing director of Pixmania, 你”。故选D项。] said:"The ability to access millions of Apps has 3.A[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句“On made smart phone invaluable for many people.How- the employer's end,it's tough to take on people ever,there are disadvantages.Many companies ex- for higher management positions when the pool of pect their employees to be on call 24 hours a day, talent is full of gig workers who haven't been giv- seven days a week,and smartphones mean that peo- en an opportunity to improve their skills..”可知， ple cannot get away from work.The more frequently 从雇主的角度来说，当人才库中满是没有机会提高 in contact we become,the more is expected of us in a 技能的工作人员时，很难让他们担任更高的管理职 work capacity.” 位。由此可推知，从倒数第二段我们可以推断出雇 5.With a smartphone the average UK working day is 主应投资培训临时工。故选A项。] 4.A[主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第三段第二句 A.11 to 12 hours B.9 to 10 hours "One of the great things about the gig economy is C.8 hours D.2 hours that you don't have a boss breathing down your 6.We can learn from the text that the British people neck.”和倒数第二段最后一句“It is harder for gig workers to become skilled and get promoted..”可 。 知，本文介绍了零工经济的优势和劣势。故选 A.prefer to check emails in the morning A项。] B.are crazy about different smart phone B C.work more hours with smart phones Having a smartphone may not be as smart as D.shorten their normal working hours 7.What does the underlined word“invaluable” you think.They may let you surf the Internet,listen to music and take photos wherever you are...but mean? they also turn you into a workaholic(工作狂)，it A.useless B.necessary seems. C.expensive D.cheap A study suggests that,by giving you access to 8.What does Ghadi Hobeika feel about smart emails at all times,the smartphone adds as much as phones? two hours to your working day.Experts found that A.They are unimportant for most of people. British people work an additional 460 hours a year B.They have disadvantages for some companies. on average as they are able to respond to emails on C.They are useful to improve a work ability. their mobiles.The study shows the average UK D.They make it impossible for people to rest. working day is between 9 and 10 hours,but 2 more [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍使 hours is spent responding to or sending work 用智能手机也许并不像你想的那样明智。使用智能 emails,or making work calls. 手机可以让你随时随地上网、听音乐、拍照片…但 Almost one in ten admits spending up to three 也可能让你变成工作狂。最新调查显示，智能手机能 hours outside their normal working day checking 让你随时查收邮件，因此这种花哨的手机会让你每天 work emails.Some workers say they are on call al- 的工作时间延长多达两个小时。 ·133· 英语(WY)·选择性必修第四册 5.C[细节理解题。根据文章第二段的The study is important to shop around to find which bank of- shows the average UK working day is between 9 fers the best deal and who you feel most comfortable and 10 hours,but 2 more hours is spent respon- with.Make sure what you're getting is right for you ding to or sending work emails,or making work and your business. calls.可知英国的平均工作日，使用智能手机11到 Develop a survival strategy. 12小时。故选A。] 4.One of the biggest stumbling blocks to 6.C[细节理解题。根据文章第二段的A study people starting a business can be understanding all suggests that,by giving you access to emails at all the legislation.That can be tax,employment,trade, times,the smartphone adds as much as two hours health and safety or environment.It can be confusing to your working day.可知，英国人在智能手机上比 if you have never run your own business. 工作时间更长。故选C。] Get yourself noticed. 7.B[词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段其后两句 In order to make your business a success,you However,there are disadvantages.Many compa- must ensure that consumers know it exists.5. nies expect their employees to be on call 24 hours For example,if you are running a local plumbing a day,seven days a week,and smart phones mean company,then delivering leaflets in your area would that people cannot get away from work.可知，其也 be the best option. 有缺点，许多公司希望他们的员工能够随时等待电 A.So it is really important to make a business plan 话通知，使得人们工作离不开智能手机。从而可以 B.The tips below may help you to start a business 猜测出invaluable为“极为重要的”之意。故选B。] C.A bank would not consider lending money unless 8.D[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段However,. you show a detailed business plan there are disadvantages.Many companies expect D.Be sure to attract much attention their employees to be on call 24 hours a day,sev- E.Choosing how to advertise depends on the type of en days a week,and smartphones mean that peo- the business ple cannot get away from work.The more con- F.Get access to finance stantly in touch we become,the more is expected G.Make sure you are running your business correct- of us in work.可知，Ghadi Hobeika认为智能手机 ly by the law 让人们很难得到休息。故选D。] [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要给自主 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 创业的人们提出了一些建议。 How to Start a Business 1.B[本空总括文章第一段的内容并用来引起下文 Unemployment rate is so high in present society 中的建议。故选B项。] that many young people are thinking about starting 2.C[根据小标题“做一个创业计划”可知下文肯定 their own business.However,setting up on your 要说创业计划的重要性，C项“如果没有详细的创 own will by no means be easy.1. 业计划，银行是不会考虑给你贷款的”符合题意。 Make a business plan. 故选C项。] If you decide to start a business,the first thing 3.F[根据下文的内容“找银行贷款”可知是要“获 you must do is to draw up a realistic business plan- this is a working document that describes the busi- 得资金支援”。故选F项。] 4.G[根据下文“can be understanding all the legis- ness,its objectives,its financial forecasts and so on 2 lation”可知G项“确保你是依法经营”符合题意。 。 3 故选G项。] Once you have a detailed business plan and e- 5.E[根据小标题可知，这个段落是讲如何把自己宣 nough evidence to believe that your idea is viable( 传出去，让消费者知道你的企业的存在。空后举了 行的)，it is time to go and see the bank manager.It 一个具体事例进行说明，故选E项。] ·134·