Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Using language & Developing ideas-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（外研版）

该高中英语课件围绕“科学世界”主题，以富兰克林实验为核心载体，通过Pre-reading图片提问激活背景知识，While-reading分层梳理文本结构与细节，Post-reading结合难句解构、佳句仿写及发散性问题搭建学习支架，衔接从语言理解到思维拓展的学习脉络。 其亮点在于融合语言能力、思维品质与学习能力培养。例如，难句解构与佳句仿写提升语言理解表达能力，品质升华环节通过“科学家故事真实性”等问题培养批判性思维，语基部分系统归纳词汇规律与句式结构助力自主学习。这一设计让学生在语言实践中发展思维，教师可依托结构化内容提升教学效率。

Unit 3　The world of science Section Ⅲ　Using language & Developing ideas 内容索引 语篇研读　细梳理 1 语篇助解　释疑难 2 课时测评 5 语基自查　固根基 3 语基讲练　提能力 4 语篇研读　细梳理 返回 Step One：Pre-reading Look at the picture and answer the following questions. 1．Who is he? ___________________ 2．Can you share the information you know about him? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Benjamin Franklin.　 Benjamin Franklin (1706－1790) was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States and helped draft the Declaration of Independence and the US Constitution. Apart from being a successful statesman, he was also well known as a leading American author, printer and publisher, successful diplomat, creative scientist and inventor.　 Step Two：While-reading Ⅰ.Read for the main idea What is the text mainly about? A．Whether the story of Franklin’s experiment is true or not. B．The aim of Franklin’s experiment. C．The procedure of Franklin’s experiment. D．The effect of Franklin’s experiment. √ Ⅱ.Read for the structure lightning Benefits true accepted proved Ⅲ.Read for details 1．What is the second paragraph mainly about? A．Franklin’s opinion about science. B．The purpose and process of Franklin’s experiment. C．People’s different opinions on lightning. D．The role of the metal key. 2．For many years，we learn from the story of Franklin’s experiment EXCEPT that __________. A．the method of Franklin’s experiment is safe B．Franklin was very brave to make the experiment C．scientific experiments are important to the truth D．the method of Franklin’s experiment is scientific √ √ 3．What are people inspired by in Franklin’s story? A．His bravery and scientific approach. B．The kite with a key tied to the string. C．The stormy weather with lightning. D．His touching on the metal key. 4．What is the purpose of the story of Newton? A．To show the accepted story is true. B．To show Newton was brave to bear the hit of an apple. C．To show Newton was lucky to find the theory of gravity. D．To show the accepted story is questioned by the scientists. √ √ 5．Which of the following may the author agree with? A．To see is to believe. B．Every extremity is a fault. C．Books should be read with reservation. D．Imagination is the source of creation. √ Step Three：Post-reading Ⅰ.难句解构 1.   尝试翻译　______________________________________________________ ______________________ 虽然已证实富兰克林的这一实验确有其事，不少科学家还是对事实真相提出了质疑。　 2.   尝试翻译　______________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 但在科学领域，能被实验与研究所证明的东西才算作事实，我们不应全盘相信我们读到或听到的事——即使它是一个精彩的故事。　 Ⅱ.佳句仿写 1．教材佳句　More than one generation of schoolchildren has been amazed by his bravery and his scientific approach to looking for the truth. (情感描写) 学后仿写　她在追求艺术梦想的过程中所表现出的毅力和情感深度，鼓舞了许多年轻的学生。 Many young students ___________________________________ and her emotional depth in pursuing her artistic dreams. have been inspired by her perseverance　 2．教材佳句　The well-known story is that the American Founding Father and scientist flew a kite during a storm in 1752.(陈述故事概要) 学后仿写　这个熟悉的故事是，这位著名的艺术家在1908年的日落时画了一幅杰作。 ________________________ the famous artist painted a masterpiece during a sunset in 1908. The familiar story is that　 返回 Ⅲ.品质升华 1．Do you think the stories about some great scientists are true? (Divergent Thinking发散性思维) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．What will you learn from the stories about the great scientists? (Divergent Thinking发散性思维) _____________________________________________________________ I think some parts of the stories are true, and some are not, because they don’t follow the common sense, for example, Franklin touching the metal key.　 I will learn the scientists’ spirit of scientific exploration from the stories.　 语篇助解　释疑难 返回 ①experiment n．(科学)实验 ②generation n．一代人；同辈人 ③fiction n．虚构的事，想象的事 ④instead of 而不是；代替 ⑤fly a kite 放风筝 ⑥electricity n．电 electrical adj.电的；用电的；发电的 ⑦lightning n．闪电 ⑧string n．线；细绳；一串；一系列v.悬挂；系；扎 ⑨tie...to...把……系在……上 ⑩metal n．金属 ⑪attach v．系，绑；贴 be attached to 被固定到/附在……上 ⑫flash n．闪光 ⑬hit (hit，hit)v.打；击；碰撞 ⑭conduct v．传导(热、电) ⑮electric shock 电击 ⑯bravery n．勇气 brave adj.勇敢的 ⑰approach n．方式；方法；态度 v．靠近；接近 ⑱scientific adj.科学(上)的 scientific experiment 科学实验 ⑲establish v．确定，证实；建立，创立 establishment n．创立；建立；建设 ⑳contribute v．贡献；捐赠；增进 contribute towards 有助于，为……做贡献/捐助 原文呈现 名师圈点 FRANKLIN’S EXPERIMENT①： How Much Is True? Benjamin Franklin’s famous experiment with lightning has introduced generations② of children to science.However，new research suggests that the story may be fiction③ instead of④ fact.[1] The well-known story is that the American Founding Father and scientist flew a kite⑤ during a storm in 1752.[2]At that time，there was much interest in electricity⑥.People wanted to know if lightning⑦ was really produced by electricity or something else.[3]Franklin was one of them.He raised the kite with a piece of string⑧ tied to⑨ it.A metal⑩ key was attached to⑪ the string.A flash⑫ of lightning hit⑬ the kite，and electricity was conducted⑭ through the string to the key.Franklin then touched the key with his finger and got an electric shock⑮.This，he said，proved that lightning was a form of electricity. For many years，schools have taught the story of Franklin’s lightning experiment. More than one generation of schoolchildren has been amazed by his bravery⑯ and his scientific approach⑰ to looking for the truth.Franklin，along with many other scientists，has inspired us and taught us that scientific⑱ experiments are important in order to establish⑲ the truth and to contribute⑳ towards later scientific discoveries and inventions.[4] [1]本句是主从复合句。其中that引导宾语从句；suggests在此处意为“表明”，其后的宾语从句不需要用虚拟语气。 [2]本句是主从复合句。其中that引导表语从句。 [3]if引导宾语从句，意为“是否”。 [4]本句是主从复合句。句中that引导宾语从句；in order to establish the truth and to contribute...在从句中作目的状语。 ㉑entirely adv.完全地，彻底地 entire adj.完全的；整个的 ㉒take place 发生 ㉓die from 死于 ㉔come up with 提出；想出 ㉕theory n．学说，理论 ㉖gravity n．重力，引力 ㉗account n．记述，描述 ㉘proof n．证明，证据 prove v．证明，证实 ㉙admittedly adv.诚然，确实 ㉚exploration n．探索；探究；探测 explore v．探索；探究；探测 原文呈现 名师圈点 However，neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely㉑ true.Although it has been proved that Franklin’s experiment took place㉒，more than one scientist has questioned what really happened.[5]The detail about the string and the key is true.But scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually touched the key，he would certainly have died from㉓ the electric shock. Scientists often question accepted ideas because they want to establish the facts.Some have even questioned the story about the apple that fell on Newton’s head and led him to come up with㉔ his theory㉕ of gravity㉖.In fact，more than one account㉗ suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple，there is no proof㉘ that it hit him on the head.[6] Admittedly㉙，fiction is often more interesting than the truth.People have been more inspired by Franklin’s spirit of scientific exploration㉚ than by the facts themselves.But in science，facts should be proved by experiments and research，and we should not always believe everything we read or hear — even if it is a great story.[7] [5]本句是主从复合句。句中Although引导让步状语从句，其中that引导主语从句，it作形式主语；what引导宾语从句。 [6]本句是主从复合句。that while Newton...on the head是that 引导的宾语从句；while引导让步状语从句，that it hit him on the head是that 引导的同位语从句。 [7]本句是并列复合句。第二个and连接两个并列分句；在第二个分句中，not和always连用表示部分否定，we read or hear是省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词everything；even if引导让步状语从句。 译文参考 富兰克林的实验：有多少是真的？ 本杰明·富兰克林关于闪电的著名实验已引领一代又一代的儿童迈入科学世界。然而，新的研究显示，这个故事可能是虚构的，而并非事实。 这一广为人知的故事讲述了这位美国开国元勋和科学家在1752年的一场暴风雨中放风筝的经历。那时，不少人对电感兴趣。人们想知道闪电是否真的由电产生，还是另有源头。富兰克林就是其中之一。他在风筝上系了一根细绳，把风筝放上天，细绳上绑着一把金属钥匙。闪电击中风筝，电流通过绳子传导到钥匙上，富兰克林随即用手指触碰钥匙，感受到了电击。他说，这一实验证明了闪电是电的一种形式。 许多年来，富兰克林闪电实验的故事一直是学校的教学内容之一。数代学生都叹服于富兰克林的勇气与追寻真理时采用的科学手段。富兰克林与许多其他科学家激励并教导我们科学实验对于推定真理与推动科学发现及发明而言都至关重要。 然而，不管是故事本身还是实验细节都并非完全属实。虽然已证实富兰克林的这一实验确有其事，不少科学家还是对事实真相提出了质疑。使用细绳和钥匙这一细节是真实的，但科学家们一致认为，如果富兰克林真的碰到了钥匙，他必定会死于电击。 返回 科学家们常常对已被人们接受的观点提出质疑，以求证事实。一些科学家甚至也怀疑过牛顿的故事：一个苹果掉下来砸中了牛顿的脑袋，促使他提出了万有引力定律。事实上，不止一处资料显示，虽然牛顿的灵感确实来源于一个掉落的苹果，但没有证据表明这个苹果恰巧砸在了他的脑袋上。 诚然，虚构常常比事实更为有趣。人们更多是被富兰克林的科学探索精神所激励，而非事实本身。但在科学领域，能被实验与研究所证明的东西才算作事实，我们不应全盘相信我们读到或听到的事——即使它是一个精彩的故事。 语基自查　固根基 返回 核心单词——练通 1．_________ voice　　　 被动语态 2．________ description 无法描述 3．the search for a ______ for cancer 对癌症治愈方法的研究 4．do an ____________ 做实验 passive　 beyond　 cure　 experiment　 拓展单词——用活 1．_____________ adj.重要的，影响深远的 →significance n. 意义；重要性 2．________ v. 使受伤，弄伤 →injury n. 伤，损害 →injured adj.受伤的 3．_________ n. 化学家 →chemistry n. 化学 4．____________ n. 天文学家 →astronomy n. 天文学 significant　 injure　 chemist　 astronomer　 5．___________ n. 生物学家 →biology n. 生物学 6．__________ adj.精确的 →accurately adv.精确地；准确地 7．_______ adj.小的 →minority n. 少数；少数派；少数民族 8．________ n. 起源，起因 →original adj.原来的；起初的；最早的 9．_______________ adj.非凡的，出色的 →ordinary adj.普通的 biologist　 accurate　 minor　 origin　 extraordinary　 10．___________ adj.聪颖的，才华横溢的 →brilliantly adv.光彩夺目地；出色，精彩；高明地 →brilliancy n. 透明度，亮明，光彩，才华 11．________ adj.精神的；精神健康的 →mentally adv.精神上；智力上 12．_____________ n. 声明，宣告 →declare v. 宣告，声明 13．________ v. 系，绑；贴 →attached adj.依恋的，爱慕的；附属于的 →attachment n. 依恋；信念；忠诚；(机器的)附件 brilliant　 mental　 declaration　 attach　 14．_________ v. 传导(热、电) →conductor n. 导体；指挥；售票员 →conductive adj.具有传导性的 15．____________ adj.科学(上)的 →science n. 科学 →scientist n. 科学家 16．__________ adv.完全地，彻底地 →entire adj.完全的；整个的 17．_________ n. 记述，描述 →accountant n. 会计；会计师 18．_______ n. 证明，证据 →prove v. 证明是；被发现是 conduct　 scientific　 entirely　 account　 proof　 规律：后缀-al加在名词或名词性词根后面，构成形容词。 示例：original 最初的，原始的 experimental 实验的 national 国家的；民族的 personal 个人的 　　 规律方法 阅读单词——识记 1．draft the Declaration of Independence ______《独立宣言》 2．a metal key 一把______钥匙 3．a flash of lightning 一道______ 4．Newton’s theory of gravity 牛顿的______理论 起草　 金属　 闪电　 引力　 重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．除……之外 __________ 2．把……栓/系在……上 _________ 3．与……一起；连同……一起 ___________ 4．有助于，为……贡献 _________________ 5．打在某人头上 _______________ 6．到目前为止 _______ apart from　 tie... to... 　 along with　 contribute towards　 hit sb on the head　 to date　 第二组　英译汉 7．establish the truth __________ 8．take place ____________ 9．more than one __________ 10．die from ______ 11．come up with ____________ 12．for instance ______ 证实真相　 发生；进行　 不止一个　 死于　 想出；提出　 　 例如 典型句式——默背 根据课文语境及汉语提示完成句子 1．句型公式　neither... nor... “既不……也不……”，连接并列结构 教材原句　However，_____________________________ of the experiment are entirely true. 然而，不管是故事本身还是实验细节都并非完全属实。 2．句型公式　while引导让步状语从句，that引导同位语从句 教材原句　In fact，more than one account suggests that _________________ _______________________________，there is no proof _________________ ______. 事实上，不止一处资料显示，虽然牛顿的灵感确实来源于一个掉落的苹果，但没有证据表明这个苹果恰巧砸在了他的脑袋上。 neither the story nor the details　 返回 while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple　 that it hit him on the head　 语基讲练　提能力 返回 Ⅰ.核心词汇练全 1　beyond prep. 无法……；超过……；超出……之外 (教材原句) Within the next 80 years，our lives may be changed beyond recognition by 3D printing. 在未来80年，我们的生活可能会被3D打印改变得面目全非。 beyond recognition　　　　　　 认不出来；面目全非 beyond one’s reach 在某人够不着的地方 beyond doubt 无疑地 beyond description/expression 无法描述/表达 beyond belief 无法相信 单句语法填空/同义句转换 ①I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed ________ recognition. ②The beautiful scenery in Jiuzhaigou is beyond _____________ (describe). ③You can’t imagine that I had difficulty finding a parking place. →_____________________________ is that I had difficulty finding a parking place. (应用文之告知信) beyond　 description　 What is beyond your imagination　 2　significant adj. 重要的，影响深远的 (教材原句) But perhaps the most significant success that people have achieved to date is in medicine. 但是或许人们现在取得的最重要的成功是在医学方面。 (1)significance n.　 重要性；意义；意思，含义 be of significance＝be significant 有意义的 attach (great) significance to 认为……(很)重要 (2)significantly adv. 显著地；重大地 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①The question being discussed now is ____ great significance. ②(2024·1月浙江卷) In the past few years, online learning has become a _____________ (significance) part of the university and college experience. ③Nowadays，people attach great significance ____ education and spend a lot of money on their children. ④我们为残疾人所做的事很有意义。(应用文之日记) →What we have done for the disabled ___________________. (significant) →What we have done for the disabled _____________________. (significance) of　 significant　 to　 is very significant　 is of great significance　 3　injure v. 使受伤，弄伤；损害；伤害(名誉、自尊等) (教材原句) And it is not just humans who are benefiting — in Brazil，people have given a new 3D-printed shell to a turtle injured in a forest fire! 并且不仅仅是人类正在受益——在巴西，人们已经给一只在森林大火中受伤的海龟换上了一个3D打印出来的龟壳！ (1)injury n.　　　　　　　 伤害，损害 do sb an injury (＝do an injury to sb) 伤害某人 (2)injured adj. 受伤的 get injured 受伤 the injured 伤者 单句语法填空/句式升级 ①Don’t get over the fence—you’ll do yourself an ________ (injure). ②Her son got _________ (injure)while doing the field research that day. ③The people who were injured were sent to the nearest hospital at once. →__________________ were sent to the nearest hospital at once. (应用文之告知信) injury　 injured　 The people injured　 4　cure n. 药剂；疗法 (教材原句) Currently，there’s no cure for Alzheimer’s，but scientists are researching ways to improve the quality of life for people living with the disease. 目前，阿尔茨海默症还没有治愈的方法，但是科学家们正在研究改善阿尔茨海默症患者生活质量的方法。 (1)a cure for... 　 ……的治疗方法；解决……问题的措施 (2)cure vt. 治好(疾病)；治愈；改正(不良行为) cure sb of sth 治愈某人的某种疾病；改正某人的不良行为 [名师点津]　与cure sb of sth 结构相似的短语还有： rob sb of sth 　　 抢劫某人的某物 inform sb of sth 　　 通知某人某事 remind sb of sth 　　 使某人想起某事 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I hold the belief that scientists will find a cure _____ cancer sooner or later. ②The famous surgeon is capable to cure the patients ____ their illnesses. ③经验丰富的医生正在悉心地为病人治疗一种罕见病。 The experienced doctor is __________________________________ with great care. [易混辨析]　cure，treat ①cure意为“治愈”，侧重“治愈”的结果，可构成“cure sb of sth ”结构，常指治疗疾病、痛苦或革除恶习、弊害等。 ②treat意为“治疗”，强调“治疗”的动作，可构成“treat sb for sth /treat sb with sth ”结构。 for　 of　 treating the patient for a rare disease　 5　declaration n. 声明，宣告 (教材原句) Benjamin Franklin (1706－1790) was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States and helped draft the Declaration of Independence and the US Constitution. 本杰明·富兰克林(1706－1790)是美国开国元勋之一，并帮助起草了《独立宣言》和《美国宪法》。 declare vt.&vi.　　　 宣布，宣称；声明 declare war on... 对……宣战 declare against/for 声明反对/支持…… declare sb /sth (to be)＋名词/形容词 宣布某人/事为…… It is declared that... 宣布…… 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①If we declare war ____ climate change, then yes, we can do it. ②All four countries have adopted the _____________ (declare) against hunting rare animals. ③典礼一宣布开始， 我们学校所有的学生就欢呼起来。 Immediately the ceremony _________________, all the students in our school burst into cheers. (应用文之活动介绍) on　 declaration　 was declared open　 6　attach v. 系，绑；贴；使依恋；重视 (教材原句) A metal key was attached to the string. 绳子上绑着一把金属钥匙。 (1)attach sth to sth　 把……附在……上；把……固定到……上 attach oneself to... 依附……；缠着…… attach importance/significance to... 认为……重要/有意义 (2)attached adj. (作表语)依恋的；附属于 be attached to 附属于；依恋 (3)attachment n. 附属物；附件；爱慕；依恋 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The little boy attached _________ (he) to me at the party and I couldn’t get rid of him. ②We should attach great importance to ___________ (improve) children’s mental health. ③To be honest，the school is famous because it is attached ________ a key university. ④正如这句话所揭示的那样，我们青少年中的许多人把我们的手机看得比朋友重要得多。 Just as this sentence reveals, many of us teenagers________________________ ___________________________. (应用文之投稿) himself　 improving　 to　 attach much more importance to our phones than to our friends　 7　account n. 记述，描述；账目，账户 (教材原句) In fact，more than one account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple，there is no proof that it hit him on the head. 事实上，不止一种说法表明，虽然牛顿确实受到了掉落的苹果的启发，但没有证据表明苹果砸在了他的头上。 (1)give an account of... 描述…… on account of 因为，由于 on no account 决不(置于句首时，句子要部分倒装) take... into account 将……考虑在内 (2)account vi. 解释，说明；(数量、比例上)占 account for... 是……的原因；解释；占(一定数量或比例) 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Too much pressure may account _____ your recent low efficiency in study. ②When choosing your major, you need to take your interests and career plans ______ account. ③He was in the blues on account ____ his failure in business. ④我们决不能对越发严重的环境问题视而不见。 __________________ shut our eyes to the increasingly serious environmental problems. (应用文之倡议书) for　 into　 of　 On no account can we　 认知深化 一、一词多义 1．beyond A．prep. 超过；超出　B．prep. 除……之外 (1)I had no plans beyond listening to my favorite records. _______ (2)Our success was far beyond what we thought possible. _______ 2．account A．n. 描述　B．n. 账户　C．v. 解释　D．n. 考虑到 (1)How do you account for the show’s success？ _______ (2)We must take full account of our difficulties. _______ (3)The boy gave an account of the ball game. _______ (4)I would like to open an account with you. _______ B　 A　 C　 D　 A　 B　 二、熟词生义 1．All income must be declared. ________ 2．I attach great importance to this research. ________ v. 申报　 v. 重视　 Ⅱ. 典型句式讲透 　句型公式：neither... nor... 表示“既不……也不……” (教材原句) However，neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely true. 然而，不管是故事本身还是实验细节都并非完全属实。 句中neither... nor... 表示“既不……也不……”。其含义是否定的，可连接两个并列的成分。 (1)neither... nor... 连接两个主语或两个宾语时，应遵循“就近原则”。 (2)neither可以单独使用作主语，表示“两者中没有一个”。 (3)neither或nor还有另外一种用法：当表达“一个人没有做某事，另一个人也没做同一类事”时，可用neither或nor进行简略回答。其结构为：Neither/Nor＋助动词/情态动词/be动词＋主语。 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I hadn’t been to New York before and ______________ had Jane. ②He couldn’t see and nor _______ he hear until one month ago. ③Neither my classmates nor I ___________ (punish) by our teacher yesterday. ④没有动力， 你既不能设定目标， 也不能实现目标。 Without motivation, you can ___________________________. (应用文之建议信) neither/nor　 could　 was punished　 neither set a goal nor reach it　 返回 课时测评 返回 语境基础练 维度一　品句填词(每小题1分，共10分) 1．Recent ________ (科学的) evidence seems to indicate that this assumption is incorrect. 2．They have __________ (贴，附) a number of conditions to the agreement. 3．Have you got any __________ (证据) to support the topic sentence of this paragraph? 4．On 4 July 1776，the _____________ (声明) of Independence was signed. 5．We should _______ (起草)a proposal and discuss it at the meeting before any decisions are made. scientific　 attached　 proof　 Declaration　 draft　 6．The teacher felt satisfied with the ____________ (实验) conducted by his students. 7．Police insist that Michael didn’t follow the correct ___________ (程序)in applying for a visa. 8．Some __________ (小说)appeared without the names of the authors，often with something like “by a lady”． 9．The boss was e______ satisfied with what the workers had done. 10．Providing that you have the money in your a______, you can withdraw it at the bank. experiment　 procedure　 fictions　 ntirely　 ccount　 维度二　词形转换(每小题1分，共8分) 1．She read the _____________ (declare) aloud so that everyone can hear it clearly. 2．How many passengers were _________ (injure) in the traffic accident? 3．We should raise the public’s awareness of the ____________ (significant) of protecting the environment. 4．The room still has many of its __________ (origin) features and the items used by the couple. 5．Do you know how to keep __________ (mental) healthy in our daily life? declaration　 injured　 significance　 original　 mentally　 6．With a label __________ (attach) to each piece of luggage, it is easy for passengers to recognize their own luggage. 7．It is illegal to accuse a person of a crime unless you have _______ (prove) that he is guilty. 8．___________ (biology) observed a significant increase in bird species diversity after reforestation efforts. attached　 proof　 Biologists　 维度三　固定搭配和句式(每小题3分，共15分) 1．随着科技的发展，网购变得越来越受欢迎。(with的复合结构) _______________________________________, online shopping is becoming more and more popular. 2．当杰克和他的父母进入房间时，都没有被认出来。(neither... nor... ) __________________________ was recognised when they entered the room. 3．如果你昨天夜里没看电视到那么晚，你现在就不会困了。(虚拟语气) If you __________________________________ yesterday, you ____________ _______ now. With the science and technology developing　 Neither his parents nor Jack　 hadn’t watched TV so late in the night　 wouldn’t be sleepy　 4．然而，我国的学校教育对英语写作教学的重视程度不够。(attach) However，in China，our instruction does not ________________________ English writing. 5．由于天气不好，航班推迟了，所以我别无选择，只能在机场等候。(account) The flight was put off _____________ bad weather，so I had no choice but to wait at the airport. attach much importance to　 on account of　 维度四　教材知识迁移(每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面新情景，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Benjamin Franklin once carried out a famous experiment 1._________ (prove) that lightning was a form of electricity. He raised 2.___ kite with a piece of string tied to it and a metal key 3._____________ (attach) to the string. When a flash of lightning hit the kite, Franklin got an electric shock by 4.________ (touch) the key. For many years, schools 5.____________ (teach) the story of the experiment. Franklin, along with many other scientists, has inspired us that scientific experiments are important in order to establish the to prove　 a　 was attached　 touching　 have taught　 6._______ (true).However, new research suggests that the story may be fiction instead of fact because scientists all agree that if Franklin 7.____________ (touch) the key, he would certainly have died 8.______ the electric shock. Admittedly, fiction is often 9._________________ (interest) than the truth. But in science, facts should be proved by experiments and research, and 10.________ great a story is, we should not always believe everything we read or hear. truth　 had touched　 from　 more interesting　 however　 素能提升练 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A Imagine driving behind a huge truck shooting clouds of smoke into the air while your new fully electric vehicle cleans up its carbon emissions. This dream may soon be a reality. A team of students in the Netherlands has created an electric car that not only doesn’t produce carbon dioxide when driving, but actually pulls it out of the air. The two-seater sports car was designed and built in less than a year by a team of 35 students at Eindhoven University of Technology. Called “ZEM”， which stands for “Zero Emission Mobility”， the car is equipped with special devices that remove carbon dioxide from the air as it drives. The team calculates if ZEM is driven about 32，000 kilometres, it can remove 2 kilogrammes of carbon dioxide from the air. That’s not a huge amount, but 10 ZEM cars on the road for a year would remove as much carbon dioxide as a typical tree does during that time. They point out that there are over a billion passenger cars in the world that could be using this technology. And if a billion cars were removing carbon dioxide instead of producing it, the result would be huge. ZEM also has several other innovations that help to make it more sustainable: The car’s frame and panels(控制板) are 3D printed to reduce waste; it was built using recycled and recyclable materials; and it can be easily taken apart so that many of its parts can be reused. ZEM’s battery is also reusable, and has another handy feature: It can be charged with solar panels on the car’s roof—and can even be used to provide power to your house when the car isn’t on the road. According to the statistics, transportation was responsible for over 20% of global carbon dioxide emissions in 2020—and of those emissions, cars were responsible for 41%. The Eindhoven team says its goal is to challenge the electric car industry: If 35 students can build a car like this in less than a year, then surely car manufacturers(生产商) are expected to adopt these innovations, too. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了荷兰的一个学生团队发明了一种叫作ZEM的电动汽车，这种汽车不仅在行驶时不产生二氧化碳，而且可以从空气中吸收二氧化碳。 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Called ‘ZEM’， which stands for‘Zero Emission Mobility’， the car is equipped with special devices that remove carbon dioxide from the air as it drives.”可知，ZEM的特殊之处在于它能降低空气中的二氧化碳含量。故选C项。 1．What is special about ZEM? A．It can end the world’s CO2 release. B．It can cut the truck’s CO2 emissions. C．It can reduce the level of CO2 in the air. D．It can absorb dirty air as well as CO2. √ 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The team calculates... as a typical tree does during that time.”可知，研究团队计算ZEM吸收二氧化碳的量是为了表明ZEM汽车这一构想绝佳。故选A项。 2．Why does the team calculate the amount of CO2 absorbed by ZEM in Paragraph 2? A．To demonstrate a superb vision of ZEM cars. B．To explain how ZEM removes CO2 as trees do. C．To illustrate the ongoing change in car making. D.To show the influence of ZEM on the car market. √ 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The car’s frame and panels... ZEM’s battery is also reusable”可知，ZEM汽车的所有零部件都是环保的。故选D项。 3．What do we know about all the components of ZEM? A．They are of high quality. B．They are easy to process. C．They are convenient to print. D．They are environmentally friendly. √ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“If 35 students can build a car like this in less than a year, then surely car manufacturers(生产商) are expected to adopt these innovations, too.”可知，这支来自埃因霍苏理工大学的学生团队希望在未来实现ZEM汽车的量产。故选B项。 4．What does the Eindhoven team hope to achieve in the future? A．Sharp decline in fuel consumption. B．Mass production of ZEM cars. C．Big success in beating other car makers. D．Dramatic changes in transportation. √ B Once you get past the fact that it has no skin, the new robot from Disney Research is an impressive success in robotics. The new robot can imitate human facial movements, specifically blinking(眨眼睛) and slight head movements. A sensor in its chest area alerts the robot when to turn and face a person in front of it, and its eye movements shift from direct eye contact to rapid eye movements. It also moves slightly up and down to imitate breathing. While most such robots generally focus their eyes on a human face and stay there, that’s not how people interact with each other. The Disney Research team explained: Gaze (注视) has been shown to be a key social signal, shaping perceptions of interaction partners. For example, people who make more eye contact with us are perceived to be similar to us, as well as more intelligent, sincere, and trustworthy. Furthermore, gaze appears to convey complex social and emotional states. Given the importance of gaze in social interactions as well as its ability to communicate states and shape points of view, it is obvious that gaze can function as a significant tool for an interactive robot character. Thus, the aim of the team’s work is to develop a system to imitate a human-like mutual gaze. It’s not hard to imagine how Disney might use this technology for animatronic(电子动画的) characters at its theme parks. The company’s research team has been working on making more lifelike robots for some time; in 2018 it showed its Stickman robot that could do backflips (后空翻) in mid-air to almost the height of a human performer with arms raised over his or her head. They’ll just need to add something that looks like skin over the eye-tracking robot’s head. In this way, it will look more like a human. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了迪士尼发明的一款机器人。 细节理解题。根据第一段“The new robot can... slight head movements.”可知，迪士尼新机器人的主要特点是它可以像人类一样做一些面部动作。 5．What is the main feature of Disney’s new robot? A．It has advanced sensors all over its body. B．Its appearance is similar to a human being. C．It can make some facial movements like humans. D．Its movement is controlled by human facial movement. √ 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，研究团队打算开发一个具有类似人类凝视的系统是因为凝视在社交中很重要。 6．Why does the research team intend to develop a system with a human-like gaze? A．It is expected to sell well. B．The gaze is a popular concept. C．This function can be designed easily. D．The gaze is important in social communication. √ 推理判断题。根据第四段“The company’s research team... over his or her head.”可推知，第四段中使用了Stickman机器人的例子，以代表迪士尼制造的一种类人机器人。 7．The example of the Stickman robot is used in Paragraph 4 in order to __________. A．represent one of the human-like robots made by Disney B．prove Disney has been a pioneer in robot production C．show it has been the most high-level robot until now D．indicate animatronic characters are losing charm today √ 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，迪士尼研究院下一步最有可能是提高Stickman机器人的技能。 8．According to the passage, what will Disney Research most probably do next? A．Record the gaze of the new robot. B．Increase the sales of the new robot. C．Improve the skills of its Stickman robot. D．Explore new applications of its technology. √ Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) As people around me know, I love science very much.Some people don’t quite understand why and they find it strange that some people love science so much. 　1　 Schoolchildren are not encouraged to think about and explore the natural world, and many children don’t love science because they are given boring homework. There is a part of science that isn’t often provided at school.It is to get schoolchildren to think why something works in a certain way. 　2　. What science means to me is not only explaining why things work in a certain way or providing answers for rather simple things, but also it allows my mind to wander (漫游), which helps me a lot. 　3　 It is as if a flood of images about all sorts of possibilities comes into my mind and I finally choose the right one.Sometimes, when I have truly understood something, the hair on the back of my neck stands up. I often educate myself on many matters of science, and the beauty of it is that I understand how so much of it all works. 　4　 I am able to really understand the explanation behind things, as well. 　5　 There are so many opportunities, so many things unknown, and I want to be a part of it all.It is what makes me happy.To understand it all, to look at something and know how it works in detail and to get a better picture of the workings of the world — it is truly exciting. A．Interest is the best teacher. B．For me, science is how I understand the world. C．I do not only remember the existing knowledge. D．I think that a large part of it comes with how science is taught at school. E．If students do this often, they may become interested in science step by step. F．It is quite difficult for us to imagine what the world will be like in the future. G．One of the greatest benefits is when I learn about a complex theory and understand it. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者对科学的喜爱以及科学对作者的意义和影响。 下文说小学生没有被鼓励去思考和探索自然世界，许多孩子不喜欢科学是因为他们被布置了枯燥的家庭作业。D项(我认为这在很大程度上与学校教授科学的方式有关。)符合语境。下文正是学校教授科学的方式的体现。 As people around me know, I love science very much.Some people don’t quite understand why and they find it strange that some people love science so much. __________________________________________________________ ______ Schoolchildren are not encouraged to think about and explore the natural world, and many children don’t love science because they are given boring homework. D．I think that a large part of it comes with how science is taught at school. 上文说明让学生们思考事物运作的方式。E项(如果学生经常这样做，他们可能会逐渐对科学产生兴趣。)承接上文，且E项中的this指代的是上文的“思考事物运作的方式”这件事。 There is a part of science that isn’t often provided at school.It is to get schoolchildren to think why something works in a certain way. ____________ ______________________________________________________ E．If students do this often, they may become interested in science step by step. 空前一句说明科学对作者有积极影响，下文“Sometimes, when I have truly understood something, the hair on the back of my neck stands up.”说明科学可以让作者真正地理解一件事。G项(最大的好处之一是当我学习一个复杂的理论并理解它的时候。)中的benefits与上文对应，understand与下文呼应。故选G。 What science means to me is not only explaining why things work in a certain way or providing answers for rather simple things, but also it allows my mind to wander (漫游), which helps me a lot. ___________________________ _______________________________________________ It is as if a flood of images about all sorts of possibilities comes into my mind and I finally choose the right one.Sometimes, when I have truly understood something, the hair on the back of my neck stands up. G．One of the greatest benefits is when I learn about a complex theory and understand it. 空前一句说明作者可以学到知识，空后一句说明作者不仅仅可以学到知识，还可以理解事物背后的原因。C项(我不仅记得已有的知识)符合语境，not only呼应下文的as well。故选C。 I often educate myself on many matters of science, and the beauty of it is that I understand how so much of it all works. _________________________ ____________________ I am able to really understand the explanation behind things, as well. C．I do not only remember the existing knowledge. 下文“To understand it all ...it is truly exciting.”说明学习科学是作者了解世界运行的一种方式。B项(对我来说，科学是我理解世界的方式。)符合语境，understand是关键词。故选B。 _________________________________________ There are so many opportunities, so many things unknown, and I want to be a part of it all.It is what makes me happy.To understand it all, to look at something and know how it works in detail and to get a better picture of the workings of the world — it is truly exciting. B．For me, science is how I understand the world. 返回 谢 谢 观 看 ！ 返回 $