课时测评1 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas—Comprehending-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（外研版）

课时测评1　Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas—Comprehending (时间：30分钟　满分：26分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [素能提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2分，共16分) A (2024·山东淄博期末) It's clear that following a plant-based diet is connected with a lower risk of heart disease.There are many types of plant-based diets, and they are all related to certain foods connected with heart benefits, such as whole grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts and healthy oils.The diets have been most studied for their impact on heart health.These diets are rich in vitamins and minerals that help lower blood pressure, reduce the risk of diabetes (糖尿病) and keep a healthy weight, all of which can lower your risk of heart disease. Yet, the types of plant foods and their sources are also important.For example, white rice and white bread are plant-based foods, so you would think they're good to eat.But they are highly processed, and so are depleted of many heart-healthy nutrients (营养) and have enough sugar, which means they can make blood sugar levels rise sharply and increase hunger, leading to overeating.Drinking 100% fruit juice is not the same as eating the whole fruit, since juices can be high in sugar. Do you really have to cut out all meat for your heart's health? Which animal foods could have an impact on heart health? Some research has shown that the type and amount matter most.A 2014 study showed that men aged 45 to 79 who ate 75 grams or more per day of processed red meat, like cold cuts, sausage, bacon and hot dogs, had a 28% higher risk of heart failure than those who ate less than 25 grams.However, a study in the January 2017 found that eating 85 grams of unprocessed red meat, three times per week, did not worsen blood pressure. What is the right plant-based diet for you? “For many men, this may be a matter of bettering their current foods，” says Dr.Satija, a researcher from American College of Cardiology. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了遵循植物性饮食可以降低心脏病风险，不过需要注意这种饮食中食物的种类和来源，同时在注意种类和数量的情况下，摄入动物性食物对心脏健康并没有影响。 1．From the first paragraph, we know that plant-based diets ． A．benefit heart health B．increase hunger C．lead to overweight D．contain enough sugar 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“It's clear that following...nuts and healthy oils.”可知，植物性饮食可以降低心脏病风险，对心脏健康有益。故选A项。 2．What do the underlined words “depleted of” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Added to. B．Short of. C．Filled with. D．Rooted in. 答案：B 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线短语的上文“For example, white rice and...are highly processed”和下文“have enough sugar...leading to overeating”可知，此处用白米饭和白面包举例，说明这类看似吃起来会很好的食物实际上因经过高度加工而不利于健康。由此推知，这类食物已经“失去”了许多对心脏有益的营养，depleted of意思应该是“失去，没有”，与short of“缺乏”意思相近。故选B项。 3．Why does the author list numbers in Paragraph 3? A．To prove the result believable. B．To attract readers' attention. C．To show the process clearly. D．To make the study popular. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中“Some research has shown...did not worsen blood pressure.”可知，此处是用2014年和2017年的研究结果来证实“对于动物性食物是否会对心脏健康产生影响，取决于食物的种类和数量”的观点。因此，作者提及具体的数字可以证明结果是可信的，从而加强观点的客观性。故选A项。 4．What might the author continue talking about? A．Risks of animal foods. B．Disadvantages of plant-based diets. C．Changes of eating habits. D．Effects of heart-healthy diets. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“What is the right plant-based...American College of Cardiology.”可知，本段建议通过改善目前的食物来找到适合自己的植物性饮食。由此推知，接下来作者可能会介绍饮食习惯的改变。故选C项。 B (2024·贵州安顺期末) One should eat like a king in the morning, a prince at noon, and a peasant at night.This saying is all about the importance of breakfast.And now scientists can tell us just why it's so important.According to a study carried out at Imperial College London, UK, not having the first meal of the day not only means you eat more at lunch, but also that your brain wants to find more unhealthy foods. The study suggests that there is a special part of our brain called the cortex(大脑皮层), which plays an important part in making choices about what we eat.It is used for making out the taste of food, especially when skipping breakfast.It is more likely to target high-calorie foods when you're on an empty stomach. Scientists did an experiment on this.Dr Tony Goldman from Imperial College London, scanned the brains of 21 men and women, around the age of 25.On the first day, these people skipped breakfast before the scans.On the second day, they had cereal(谷物), bread and jam as breakfast.After the scan on both days, they had their lunch. When the volunteers had skipped breakfast, they ate about 20 percent more at lunch, compared with days when they had eaten breakfast.Their brain scans also showed the cortex was especially responsive(反应积极的)to high-calorie foods.“We believe that identifies the value of foods—how pleasant, how delicious something is，” Goldman added. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了吃早餐的重要性。根据一项在英国伦敦帝国学院发布的研究结果显示，不吃早餐不仅会让人们午餐吃得更多，而且会让人们更容易想吃一些不健康的食物。因此，提醒人们，要按时吃早餐。 5．Which statement could be true according to Paragraph 1? A．It's a shortcut to lose weight without breakfast. B．Scientists have found out why eating breakfast is important. C．It's unnecessary to have good food for supper. D．Eating more breakfast makes you become smarter. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“This saying is all about...find more unhealthy foods.”可知，科学家们发现了为什么吃早餐很重要。故选B。 6．Which is the correct order of the experiment on the first day? ①The volunteers skipped breakfast. ②The volunteers had lunch. ③The volunteers had a brain scan. A．①③② B．③②① C．③①② D．①②③ 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“On the first day...had their lunch.”可知，第一天实验中，实验对象不吃早餐，接受扫描，扫描之后再吃午餐。故选A。 7．The underlined word “skipping” (Paragraph 2) can be replaced by ． A．devoting B．ignoring C．hesitating D．delivering 答案：B 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“The study suggests that there is...about what we eat.”和下文“It is more likely...an empty stomach.”可知，大脑皮层是我们大脑的一部分，它决定了我们对食物的选择，当我们空腹时，它更容易指向高油脂的食物，因此推断画线句子“It is used for making out the taste of food, especially when skipping breakfast.”表示：它用来辨别食物的味道，尤其是在不吃早餐的时候。故画线词与B项“忽视”意思相近。故选B。 8．Which meal is the most important of a day in the opinion of Goldman? A．Lunch. B．Brunch. C．Breakfast. D．Supper. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“When the volunteers...Goldman added.”可知，戈德曼做了一个实验，实验表明如果不吃早餐，午餐会多吃；因此推断，他认为早餐是最重要的。故选C。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2分，共10分) (2025·云南大理期中) The Comfort of Cooking Most people like eating delicious foods since they believe those foods can make them relax and help get rid of (摆脱) the tiredness of daily lives. 1 Cooking can provide you with many benefits.It can also be fun and a comfort for you when you are feeling down. Cooking has been found to improve confidence, according to The Mental Health Foundation. 2 You can use different ingredients (原料) and your imagination to create whatever you want to.Just following the cookbook or the video is also meaningful.You will get a sense of achievement when you see the final works after all the hardships. 3 You will be freed from your worries or anything else that is stressful when focusing your attention on cooking.There is no time for your mind to wander.It is common that we may meet something unexpected which troubles us, but remember to find a way to relieve the pressure.Cooking is a calming activity waiting for you. Cooking is a great way to experience different cultures as well.Different countries have different ways of cooking which lead to various featured foods. 4 By cooking those foods, it seems that you are a native to that country. Cooking also brings people together.Prepare a meal for the family reunion.Invite some friends to your home.While you are doing the cooking, happy laughter and cheerful voices may fill every corner of the house. 5 A．Cooking helps you focus on the present and lessen your stress. B．Cooking can increase your worries. C．Roast duck will remind you of China while curry will take you to India. D．Bathed in strong social connections, you will feel close and connected to each other. E．Everybody likes tasty foods. F．But do you know cooking these tasty foods may have the same effects? G．While cooking, you take control of everything. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了烹饪可以给人们带来的很多益处。 1．答案：F 解析：根据空格处上下文可知，空格处内容起到承上启下的作用，说明烹饪美食和享用美食一样具有好处；选项F符合语境。故选F项。 2．答案：G 解析：根据上文“Cooking has been found to improve confidence, according to The Mental Health Foundation.”可知，空格处进一步说明为何烹饪可以提高自信；选项G符合语境。故选G项。 3．答案：A 解析：设空处为该段主旨句。根据下文“You will be freed from...activity waiting for you.”可知，本段主要阐述烹饪可以让你从烦恼或其他任何困扰你的事情中解脱出来，专注于正在做的事情，选项A符合语境。故选A项。 4．答案：C 解析：根据上文“Cooking is a great way...various featured foods.”以及下文“By cooking those foods, it seems that you are a native to that country.”可知，通过烹饪可以体验不同的文化；选项C以烤鸭和咖喱为例说明食物会把你带到不同的国家，感受不一样的文化，符合语境。故选C项。 5．答案：D 解析：根据上文“Cooking also brings people together...every corner of the house.”可知，烹饪可以让家人和朋友聚在一起，享受欢聚时刻；选项D承接上文，说明烹饪能加强人与人之间的联系，符合语境。故选D项。 学生用书第6页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $